Life expectancy and mortality in 363 cities of Latin America.
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2021
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The concept of a so-called urban advantage in health ignores the possibility of heterogeneity in health outcomes across cities.
Using a harmonized dataset from the SALURBAL project, we describe variability and predictors of life expectancy and propor-
tionate mortality in 363 cities across nine Latin American countries. Life expectancy differed substantially across cities within
the same country. Cause-specific mortality also varied across cities, with some causes of death (unintentional and violent inju-
ries and deaths) showing large variation within countries, whereas other causes of death (communicable, maternal, neonatal
and nutritional, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases) varied substantially between countries.
In multivariable mixed models, higher levels of education, water access and sanitation and less overcrowding were associated
with longer life expectancy, a relatively lower proportion of communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional deaths and a
higher proportion of deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases. These results highlight
considerable heterogeneity in life expectancy and causes of death across cities of Latin America, revealing modifiable factors
that could be amenable to urban policies aimed toward improving urban health in Latin America and more generally in other
urban environments.
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BILAL, U. et al. Life expectancy and mortality in 363 cities of Latin America. Nature medicine, v. 1, p. 25, jan202. Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-01214-4>. Acesso em: 11 out. 2022.