The pollutant organotins leads to respiratory disease by inflammation : a mini-review.
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2018
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Resumo
Organotins (OTs) are organometallic pollutants. The OTs are organometallic pollutants
that are used in many industrial, agricultural, and domestic products, and it works as
powerful biocidal compound against large types of microorganisms such as fungi and
bacteria. In addition, OTs are well known to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals, leading
abnormalities an “imposex” phenomenon in the female mollusks. There are some studies
showing that OTs’ exposure is responsible for neural, endocrine, and reproductive dysfunctions
in vitro and in vivo models. However, OTs’ effects over the mammalian immune
system are poorly understood, particularly in respiratory diseases. The immune system,
as well as their cellular components, performs a pivotal role in the control of the several
physiologic functions, and in the maintenance and recovery of homeostasis. Thus, it is
becoming important to better understand the association between environmental contaminants,
as OTs, and the physiological function of immune system. There are no many
scientific works studying the relationship between OTs and respiratory disease, especially
about immune system activation. Herein, we reported studies in animal, humans,
and in vitro models. We searched studies in PUBMED, LILACS, and Scielo platforms.
Studies have reported that OTs exposure was able to suppress T helper 1 (Th1) and
exacerbate T helper 2 (Th2) response in the immune system. In addition, OTs’ contact
could elevate in the airway inflammatory response, throughout a mechanism associated
with the apoptosis of T-regulatory cells and increased oxidative stress response. In
addition, OTs induce macrophage recruitment to the tissue, leading to the increased
necrosis, which stimulates an inflammatory cytokines secretion exacerbating the local
inflammation and tissue function loss. Thus, the main intention of this mini-review is to
up to date the main findings involving the inflammatory profile (especially Th1 and Th2
response) in the respiratory tract as a result of OTs’ exposure.
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Airway disease, Organotin compounds, Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, Inflammation
Citação
SILVA, A. N. da et al. The pollutant organotins leads to respiratory disease by inflammation : a mini-review. Frontiers in Endocrinology, v. 8, p. 1-6, 2018. Disponível em: <https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2017.00369/full>. Acesso em: 05 abr. 2018.