The use of an adjuvant system improves innate and adaptive immune response when associated with a Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis antigen in a vaccine candidate against L. (Leishmania) infantum infection.
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2023
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Background: The adjuvants’ optimal dose and the administration route can directly influence the epitope recognition patterns and profiles of innate response. We aimed to establish
the effect and the optimal dose of adjuvant systems for proposing a vaccine candidate to be employed with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Methods: We evaluated the adjuvants saponin (SAP),
monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and resiquimod (R-848) isolated and combined as adjuvant systems
in a lower dose corresponding to 25%, 33%, and 50% of each adjuvant total dose. Male outbred
BALB/c mice were divided into 13 groups, SAP, MPL, and R-848 isolated, and the adjuvant systems
SAP plus MPL (SM), SAP plus R-848 (SR), and MPL plus R-848 (MR). Results: SM50 increased levels
of all chemokines analyzed and TNF production, while it presented an increased inflammatory cell
infiltrate in the skin with macrophage recruitment. Thus, we proposed a vaccine candidate employing
L. (V.) braziliensis antigen associated with the SM adjuvant system against experimental L. (Leishmania)
infantum challenge. We observed a significant increase in the frequency of cells expressing the central
and effector memory CD4+ T cells phenotype in immunized mice with the LBSM50. In the liver, there
was a decreased parasite load when mice received LBSM50. Conclusions: When combined with L. (V.)
braziliensis antigen, SM50 increases TNF and IFN-γ, which generates central and effector memory
CD4+ T cells. Therefore, using an adjuvant system can promote an effective innate immune response
with the potential to compose future vaccines.
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Adjuvants, Adjuvant system, Saponin, Monophosphoryl lipid A, Resiquimod
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MATHIAS, F. A. S. et al. The use of an adjuvant system improves innate and adaptive immune response when associated with a Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis antigen in a vaccine candidate against L. (Leishmania) infantum infection. Vaccines, v. 11, n. 2, artigo 395, 2023. Disponível em: <https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/2/395>. Acesso em: 01 ago. 2023.