DEALI - Departamento de Alimentos

URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/540

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Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Martius) supplementation improves oxidative stress biomarkers in liver tissue of dams fed a high-fat diet and increases antioxidant enzymes’ gene expression in offspring.
(2021) Barbosa, Priscila Oliveira; Souza, Melina Oliveira de; Silva, Maraísa Porfíria S.; Santos, Gabrielly Thaís dos; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Bermano, Giovanna; Freitas, Renata Nascimento de
Lipids excess from an uterine environment can increase free radicals production of and thus induce oxidative status imbalance, a key factor for progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in offspring. Food antioxidant components in maternal diet may play an important role in preventing offspring metabolic disorders. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of açaí pulp supplementation on maternal high-fat diet, by assessing activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers of oxidative stress in the liver. Female Fisher rats were divided into four groups and fed a control diet (C), a high-fat diet (HF), a control diet supplemented with açaí (CA) and a high-fat diet supplemented with açaí (HFA) before mating, during gestation and lactation. The effects of açaí supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes expression were evaluated in dams and male offspring after weaning. HFA diet increased body weight in dams, however reduced absolute and relative liver weight. There was a reduction in liver biomarkers of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein, as well as in catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity. In offspring, HFA diet reduced liver weight and increased Gpx1, Gpx4 and Sod1 mRNA expression. These results suggest that açaí is able to restore redox status, preventing oxidative damage in dams by a direct mechanism and to promote beneficial effects on expression of antioxidant defences related genes in offspring.
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Martius) supplementation in the diet during gestation and lactation attenuates liver steatosis in dams and protects ofspring.
(2019) Barbosa, Priscila Oliveira; Souza, Melina Oliveira de; Paiva, Deuziane Pereira Domingos de; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Bermano, Giovanna; Freitas, Renata Nascimento de
Purpose: Maternal high-fat diet affects offspring and can induce metabolic disorders such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). New therapeutic strategies are being investigated as way to prevent or attenuate this condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of açaí supplementation in the maternal high-fat diet on dams and offspring lipid metabolism. Methods: Female Fisher rats were divided in four groups and fed a control diet (C), a high-fat diet (HF), an açaí supplemented diet (CA) and a high-fat diet supplemented with açaí (HFA) 2 weeks before mating, during gestation and lactation. The effects of açaí were evaluated in the male offspring after birth (P1) and weaning (P21). Results: HFA reduced relative liver weight, fat and cholesterol liver content in dams and improved liver steatosis as confirmed by histological analyses. HFA increased serum cholesterol and expression of Srebpf1 and Fasn genes. In offspring, HFA decreased relative liver weight, and serum cholesterol only in P21. An increase in the Sirt1, Srebpf1 and Fasn genes expression was observed in P21. Conclusions: These results suggest that açaí supplementation may attenuate NAFLD in dams and protect offspring from the detrimental effects of lipid excess from a maternal high-fat diet.
Oxidative stress causes hypertension and activation of nuclear factor-κB after highfructose and salt treatments.
(2017) Dornas, Waleska Claudia Amaral; Cardoso, Leonardo Máximo; Silva, Maísa; Machado, Natália Lima Santos; Chianca Júnior, Deoclécio Alves; Alzamora, Andréia Carvalho; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Lagente, Vincent; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio
There is evidence that diets rich in salt or simple sugars as fructose are associated with abnormalities in blood pressure regulation. However, the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of salt- and fructoseinduced kidney damage and/or consequent hypertension yet remain largely unexplored. Here, we tested the role of oxidative state as an essential factor along with high salt and fructose treatment in causing hypertension. Fischer male rats were supplemented with a high-fructose diet (20% in water) for 20 weeks and maintained on high-salt diet (8%) associate in the last 10 weeks. Fructose-fed rats exhibited a salt-dependent hypertension accompanied by decrease in renal superoxide dismutase activity, which is the first footprint of antioxidant inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Metabolic changes and the hypertensive effect of the combined fructose-salt diet (20 weeks) were markedly reversed by a superoxide scavenger, Tempol (10mg/kg, gavage); moreover, Tempol (50mM) potentially reduced ROS production and abolished nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells incubated with L-fructose (30mM) and NaCl (500 mosmol/kg added). Taken together, our data suggested a possible role of oxygen radicals and ROS-induced activation of NF-κB in the fructose- and salt-induced hypertension associated with the progression of the renal disease.
Hypolipidemic effect of the edible mushroom Agaricus blazei in rats subjected to a hypercholesterolemic diet.
(2014) Miranda, Aline Mayrink de; Ribeiro, Gustavo Meirelles; Cunha, Aureliano Claret da; Silva, Lorena Souza e; Santos, Rinaldo Cardoso dos; Pedrosa, Maria Lúcia; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio
The effects of Agaricus blazei intake on the lipid profile of animals fed a hypercholesterolemic diet were evaluated. Thirty-two female Fisher rats were divided into four groups and given the standard AIN- 93 M diet (C), this diet+1 % A. blazei (CAb), a hypercholesterolemic diet with 25 % soybean oil and 1%cholesterol (H) or this diet+1%A. blazei (HAb) for 6 weeks. Food intake, weight gain, liver and serum lipid profiles, activity of aminotransferases [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], and creatinine and urea levels as well as abdominal fat weight were measured. Histological analysis of kidney and liver tissue was also performed. The HAb group had a higher food intake, but a lower weight gain as compared to group H. This resulted in a significant decrease in abdominal fat weight, to values close to those of groups C and CAb. Supplementing the hypercholesterolemic diet with A. blazei promoted a significant reduction in total and non-HDL cholesterol, as well as in the atherogenic index, as compared to group H, and this effect was more pronounced in the serum. There was no hepatotoxic effect caused by the supplementation of the diets with the mushroom. We conclude that in our experimental model and in the concentration used, A. blazei was effective in improving the lipid profile of the animals.
Vildagliptin induces β-Cell neogenesis and Improves the lipid profile in a later phase of type 1 diabetes.
(2015) Miranda, Pedro Henrique de Amorim; Monteiro, Otávio Montovanelli; Rossoni Júnior, Joamyr Victor; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Costa, Daniela Caldeira
Recently, the inhibitor dipeptidyl peptidase-4 has been reported to be beneficial in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. For the first time, this study evaluates the effect of vildagliptin on β -cell neogenesis and lipid homeostasis in a later phase of type 1 diabetes. In Fischer rats, diabetes was induced with alloxan. After confirmation of diabetic status, the animals received no treatment for 30 days to establish a late phase of the disease these animals. After this period, the animals were treated with vildagliptin via gavage for 30 consecutive days. Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, lipid profile and pancreatic histology were evaluated. Treatment with vildagliptin increased serum levels of insulin, improved beta cell function and improved the lipid profile. Histological analyses revealed that this treatment increased the populations of pancreatic β-cells in the diabetic animals. The treatment was effective in improving the mass and function of β-cells and contributed to lipid homeostasis, in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes.
Animal models for the study of arterial hypertension.
(2011) Dornas, Waleska Claudia Amaral; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio
Hypertension is one of the leading causes of disability or death due to stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. Because the etiology of essential hypertension is not known and may be multifactorial, the use of experimental animal models has provided valuable information regarding many aspects of the disease, which include etiology, pathophysiology, complications and treatment. The models of hypertension are various, and in this review, we provide a brief overview of the most widely used animal models, their features and their importance.
Evaluation of biochemical parameters in female fisher rats subjected to swimming training in different volumes (30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes).
(2010) Faria, Wanda Maria de; Santos, Rinaldo Cardoso dos; Pedrosa, Maria Lúcia; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio
Associações entre iodo no sal e iodúria em escolares, Ouro Preto, MG.
(2002) Nimer, Margarete; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Oliveira, José Eduardo Dutra de
Objetivo: Avaliar os parâmetros de iodo no sal e na urina em populações de escolares de instituições de ensino fundamental caracterizadas por atender alunos de níveis socioeconômicos opostos. Métodos: Foram recolhidas amostras de urina de escolares de duas escolas, uma particular e a outra pública, do município de Ouro Preto, MG, bem como amostras de sal de consumo humano utilizado em suas residências. Dosou-se o teor de iodo nas amostras de urina e de sal a fim de estabelecer uma correlação entre a concentração de iodo na urina e no sal. Foi utilizado o teste de Mantel-Haenszel para medir a associação entre o sal e a urina. Resultados: Os níveis de concentração de iodo na urina foram considerados normais em 92,2% dos alunos da escola particular e em 42,6% dos alunos da escola municipal. Na dosagem do teor de iodo no sal de consumo humano ingerido pelos alunos da escola pública, 89,9% das amostras apresentaram níveis abaixo da exigência legal. No caso dos alunos da escola particular, esse valor foi de 40,9%. Conclusões: Verificou-se a ocorrência de associação inversa, estatisticamente significante, entre as concentrações de iodo no sal e na urina. Identificaram-se teores de iodo abaixo da exigência legal no sal consumido pelos escolares e um nível significativo de deficiência de iodo na urina. Tais ocorrências afetaram mais drasticamente, de forma estatisticamente significante, os alunos da escola pública.
Avaliação protéica de uma nova multimistura com base no milho QPM BR 473.
(2004) Glória, Enara Cristina Silva; Almeida, Nízia Araújo Vieira; Costa, Alexandre Sylvio Vieira da; Henriques Júnior, Edinete; Martins, Sandra Lagatta; Paula, Heberth de; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Santos, Rinaldo Cardoso dos; Malaquias, Luiz Cosme Cotta
A multimistura tem sido utilizada no Brasil pela Pastoral da Criança, em parceria com governos municipais, a fim de reduzir a desnutrição infantil. Não obstante, a eficácia deste suplemento tem sido constantemente arguida, devido à possível presença de fatores antinutricionais. No presente trabalho descrevemos a avaliação biológica de um suplemento contendo milho QPM BR473. Trinta e seis ratos Wistar machos, com 21-23 dias de idade, foram divididos em seis grupos de seis animais cada e alimentados com dietas de caseína contendo multimistura pura, com QPM BR473, láctea (contendo leite em pó), láctea contendo QPM BR473 ou a multimistura proposta (contendo QPM BR473, farinhas de aveia, soja e banana e açúcar mascavo). Mediu-se a Retenção Protéica Líquida. A condição microbiológica dos suplementos e seu custo foram também determinados. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o QPM BR473 pode ser usado em suplementos nutricionais, com alto valor nutritivo, expresso por sua qualidade protéica, e com baixa relação custo/benefício.
Determinação do perfil dos usuários e da composição química e nutricional da alimentação oferecida no restaurante universitário da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brasil.
(2001) Fausto, Maria Arlene; Ansaloni, José Armando; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Garcia Júnior, Jair; Dehn, Akeber Abou; César, Thaís Borges
Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar o perfil e o estado nutricional da clientela e a composição química e nutricional das refeições oferecidas no restaurante universitário da Universidade Estadual Paulista de Araraquara, Brasil. Realizou-se a determinação química do teor de proteínas, lipídios, carboidratos, fibra, cinzas e umidade de amostras das refeições fornecidas. A amostra populacional foi constituída de 403 usuários (212 mulheres e 191 homens). Em relação ao perfil do usuário, constatou-se que 82,60% encontravam-se na faixa etária de 18 a 25 anos e 75,44% dos indivíduos apresentaram índice de massa corporal dentro da faixa de normalidade. Em média, as refeições continham 4,74% de proteínas, 10,84% de lipídeos, 24,32% de carboidratos, 3,30% de fibras, 1,00% de cinzas e 55,00% de umidade. Os dados mostraram que as refeições do restaurante universitário continham excesso de proteínas e de energia e que se faz necessário realizar ajustes na sua composição para adequá-la ao perfil da clientela atendida.

DEALI - Departamento de Alimentos

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