EFAR - Escola de Farmácia
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/451
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O curso de Farmácia em Ouro Preto foi criado em 1839, sendo a mais antiga Escola de Farmácia da América Latina.
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Item Avaliação de dislipidemia e risco cardiovascular em mulheres no climatério.(2020) Gouvea, Thiago Magalhães; Serpa, Miguel Arcangelo; Lopes, Ana Cláudia Faria; Veloso, Vanja Maria; Gaede Carrillo, Maria Ruth Gonçalves; Lima, Angélica AlvesEste trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a frequência de dislipidemias e determinar o risco cardiovascular de mulheres no climatério, comparando as fases pré e pós-menopausa. Foram entrevistadas 80 mulheres na faixa etária de 45 a 60 anos. As dislipidemias foram analisadas pela classificação laboratorial recomendada pela V Diretriz Brasileira de Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose, após a realização da coleta de sangue e a determinação do perfil lipídico. O risco cardiovascular (RCV) foi avaliado pelo Escore de Risco Global (ERG). Na análise do perfil lipídico, os níveis séricos médios de colesterol total e colesterol LDL aumentaram significativamente (p<0,05) da pré para a pós-menopausa. A frequência de dislipidemias foi 51,2% (n=41), estando estatisticamente associada ao status menopausal (p=0,025). Colesterol HDL baixo isolado ou associado a hipertrigliceridemia e/ou hipercolesterolemia foi o tipo de dislipidemia mais prevalente tanto na pré (40,0%, n=8), quanto na pós-menopausa (60,0%, n=12). No geral, foi observado que, pelo Escore de Risco Global, 35% das participantes apresentaram alto risco, sendo que antes da menopausa 6,5% estavam em alto risco cardiovascular, aumentando para 53,1% na pós-menopausa. No geral, colesterol total, LDL colesterol e dislipidemias em mulheres climatéricas foram associados ao status menopausal, apontando uma progressão para um perfil mais aterogênico e de maior risco de doença cardiovascular (DCV) da fase reprodutiva para a pós-menopausa.Item Evaluation of parasite and host genetics in two generations of a family with Chagas disease.(2018) Lima, Ana Paula Braga; Oliveira, Maykon Tavares de; Silva, Rafael Rodrigues; Torres, Rosália Morais; Veloso, Vanja Maria; Lana, Marta de; Silva, Glenda Nicioli daChagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is considered to be a multifactorial disease associated with host and parasite genetics, which influence clinical aspects of the disease and other host conditions. In order to understand better the evolution of the disease, this study intended to evaluation of parasite and host genetics in two generations of a family with Chagas disease from the Alto Paranaiba region, Minas Gerais, Brazil, comprising a mother and her five daughters. Several features were evaluated, including the characterization of T. cruzi directly from the blood of patients, host polymorphisms of genes related to cardiomyopathy (TNF, WISP1, CCR5, and TGF-β1) and clinical aspects of the patients. To verify the intraspecific variability of the parasite, the characterization was done directly from human blood using the PCR-LSSP technique and analyzed based on Dice coefficient and unweighted pair group analysis (UPGMA). The host polymorphism was evaluated by PCR-RFLP. The global results showed low variability of the parasites characterized from blood of patients, through Shannon index (0.492) and mean heterozygosity value per locus (0.322). All six patients presented the same genetic polymorphism profile for TNF, WISP1, and TGF-β1, and only one patient was homozygous to CCR5, which suggests that there is no association between the clinical aspects of the patients and their genetic profiles. In conclusion, the findings confirm that the understanding of the clinical evolution of Chagas disease goes beyond the genetic aspects of the parasite and the host.Item Activity of the new triazole derivative albaconazole against Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi in dog hosts.(2004) Guedes, Paulo Marcos da Matta; Urbina, Julio Alberto; Lana, Marta de; Afonso, Luís Carlos Crocco; Veloso, Vanja Maria; Tafuri, Washington Luiz; Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado; Chiari, Egler; Bahia, Maria TerezinhaAlbaconazole is an experimental triazole derivative with potent and broad-spectrum antifungal activity and a remarkably long half-life in dogs, monkeys, and humans. In the present work, we investigated the in vivo activity of this compound against two strains of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas’ disease, using dogs as hosts. The T. cruzi strains used in the study were previously characterized (murine model) as susceptible (strain Berenice-78) and partially resistant (strain Y) to the drugs currently in clinical use, nifurtimox and benznidazole. Our results demonstrated that albaconazole is very effective in suppressing the proliferation of the parasite and preventing the death of infected animals. Furthermore, the parasitological, PCR, serological, and proliferative assay results indicated parasitological cure indices of 25 and 100% among animals inoculated with T. cruzi strain Y when they were treated with albaconazole at 1.5 mg/kg of body weight/day for 60 and 90 days, respectively. On the other hand, although albaconazole given at 1.5 mg/kg/day was very effective in suppressing the proliferation of the parasite in animals infected with the Berenice-78 T. cruzi strain, no parasitological cure was observed among them, even when a longer treatment period (150 doses) was used. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that albaconazole has trypanocidal activity in vivo and is capable of inducing radical parasitological cure, although natural resistance to this compound was also indicated. Furthermore, the compound can be used in long-term treatment schemes (60 to 150 days) with minimal toxicity and thus represents a potentially useful candidate for the treatment of human Chagas’ disease.Item Variation in susceptibility to benznidazole in isolates derived from Trypanosoma cruzi parental strains.(2001) Veloso, Vanja Maria; Toledo, Max Jean de Ornelas; Lana, Marta de; Chiari, Egler; Tafuri, Washington Luiz; Bahia, Maria TerezinhaIn this work, the susceptibility to benznidazole of two parental Trypanosoma cruzi strains, Colombian and Berenice-78, was compared to isolates obtained from dogs infected with these strains for several years. In order to evaluate the susceptibility to benznidazole two groups of mice were infected with one of five distinct populations isolated from dogs as well as the two parental strains of T. cruzi. The first group was treated with benznidazole during the acute phase and the second remained untreated controls. The animals were considered cured when parasitological and serological tests remained persistently negative. Mice infected with the Colombian strain and its isolates Colombian (A and B) did not cure after treatment. On the other hand, all animals infected with Berenice-78 were cured by benznidazole treatment. However, 100%, 50% and 70% of cure rates were observed in animals infected with the isolates Berenice-78 B, C and D, respectively. No significant differences were observed in serological profile of infected control groups, with all animals presenting high antibody levels. However, the ELISA test showed differences in serological patterns between mice inoculated with the different T. cruzi isolates and treated with benznidazole. This variability was dependent on the T. cruzi population used and seemed to be associated with the level of resistance to benznidazole.Item Effects of specific treatment on parasitological and histopathological parameters in mice infected with different Trypanosoma cruzi clonal genotypes.(2004) Toledo, Max Jean de Ornelas; Bahia, Maria Terezinha; Veloso, Vanja Maria; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado; Alves, Cíntia Fontes; Martins, Helen Rodrigues; Cruz, Ruth Elizabeth; Tafuri, Washington Luiz; Lana, Marta deThe goal of this study was to verify the effect of specific treatment on parasitological and histopathological parameters in mice experimentally infected with different Trypanosoma cruzi clonal genotypes. Twenty cloned stocks were selected, representative of the whole phylogenetic diversity of the protozoan and belonging to the clonal genotypes 19 and 20 (T. cruzi I) and 39 and 32 (T. cruzi II). The stocks were inoculated in 40 BALB/c mice divided into four groups: (i) treated with benznidazole, (ii) treated with itraconazole and (iii and iv) untreated control groups (NT) for each drug, respectively. Seven parameters related to parasitaemia curves and histopathological lesions were analysed. Four during the acute phase (AP) and three during both the AP and chronic phase (CP) of infection. Statistical comparison between benznidazole-treated and NT groups for the biological parameters showed significant differences for all genotypes. Benznidazole treatment led to lower patent period, maximum of parasitaemia, day of maximum parasitaemia and area under the parasitaemia curve for all genotypes analysed. Percentage of positive haemoculture during AP and CP was lower for genotypes 19 and 32. Tissue parasitism (TP) and inflammatory process (IP) during AP were lower for genotypes 19 and 32, respectively. In general, itraconazole treatment induced a smaller reduction in these same parameters between treated and NT animals in relation to benznidazole treatment. Our results indicate that phylogenetic divergence among T. cruzi clonal genotypes must be taken in account in chemotherapy and studies dealing with all aspects of the parasite and the disease.Item Influence of the long-term Trypanosoma cruzi infection in vertebrate host on the genetic and biological diversity of the parasite.(2005) Veloso, Vanja Maria; Romanha, Alvaro José; Lana, Marta de; Murta, Silvane Maria Fonseca; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Alves, Cíntia Fontes; Borges, Erika Carime; Tafuri, Washington Luiz; Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado; Chiari, Egler; Bahia, Maria TerezinhaThe influence of the long-term Trypanosoma cruzi infection in vertebrate host on the biological and genetic properties of the parasite was evaluated. Four T. cruzi isolates obtained from different chronic chagasic dogs infected with Berenice-78 T. cruzi strain during 2 and 7 years were comparatively analyzed. The long-term T. cruzi infection has led to alterations in parasitemia, virulence and pathogenicity of Be-78 strain for mice. These biological parameters varied from low to high in realation to the parental strain. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and isoenzyme profiles detected two distinct genetic groups of parasites. The first group included the parental strain and two T. cruzi isolates, and the second group the two other isolates. Interestingly, the isolates of the second group showed a reversibility of the genetic profile to the parental strain after 25 passages in mice. No correlation between the genetic groups and biological properties of the isolates was observed. Our findings confirmed the population heterogeneity of the Be-78 strain, and showed how differently it responds to the long-term infection in the same vertebrate hosts.Item Impact of dual infections on chemotherapeutic efficacy in balb/c mice infected with major genotypes of trypanosoma cruzi.(2007) Martins, Helen Rodrigues; Silva, Rodrigo Moreira da; Valadares, Helder Magno Silva; Toledo, Max Jean de Ornelas; Veloso, Vanja Maria; Avelar, Danielle Marchetti Vitelli; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado; Bahia, Maria Terezinha; Martins Filho, Olindo Assis; Macedo, Andréa Mara; Lana, Marta deThe aim of this work was to investigate the impact of dual infections with stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi major genotypes on benznidazole (BZ) treatment efficacy. For this purpose, T. cruzi stocks representative of the genetic T. cruzi lineages, displaying different susceptibilities to BZ, belonging to the major T. cruzi genotypes broadly dispersed in North and South America and important in Chagas’ disease epidemiology were used. Therapeutic efficacy was observed in 27.8% of the animals treated. Following BZ susceptibility classification, significant differences were observed in dual infections on the major genotype level, demonstrating that combinations of genotypes 19 39 and genotypes 19 32 led to a shift in the expected BZ susceptibility profile toward the resistance pattern. Analysis on the T. cruzi stock level demonstrated that 9 out of 24 dual infections shifted the expected BZ susceptibility profile compared with the respective single infections, including shifts toward lower and higher BZ susceptibilities. Microsatellite identification was able to identify a mixture of T. cruzi stocks in 7.7% of the T. cruzi isolates from infected and untreated mice (6.9%) and infected and treated but not cured mice (9.0%), revealing in some mixtures of BZ-susceptible and -resistant stocks that the T. cruzi stock identified after BZ treatment was previously susceptible in single infections. Considering the clonal structure and evolution of T. cruzi, an unexpected result was the identification of parasite subpopulations with distinct microsatellite alleles in relation to the original stocks observed in 12.2% of the isolates. Taken together, the data suggest that mixed infections, already verified in nature, may have an important impact on the efficacy of chemotherapy.Item Trypanosoma cruzi high infectivity in vitro is related to cardiac lesions during long-term infection in beagle dogs.(2007) Guedes, Paulo Marcos da Matta; Veloso, Vanja Maria; Caliari, Marcelo Vidigal; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Souza, Sheler Martins de; Lana, Marta de; Chiari, Egler; Bahia, Maria Terezinha; Galvão, Lúcia Maria da CunhaTrypanosoma cruzi is a hemoflagelate parasite associated with heart dysfunctions causing serious problems in Central and South America. Beagle dogs develop the symptoms of Chagas disease in humans, and could be an important experimental model for better understanding the immunopathogenic mechanisms involved in the chagasic infection. In the present study we investigated the relation among biological factors inherent to the parasite (trypomastigote polymorphism and in vitro infectivity) and immunoglobulin production, inflammation, and fibrosis in the heart of Beagle dogs infected with either T. cruzi Y or Berenice-78 strains. In vitro infectivity of Vero cells as well as the extension of cardiac lesions in infected Beagle was higher for Y strain when compared to Berenice-78 strain. These data suggested that in vitro infectivity assays may correlate with pathogenicity in vivo. In fact, animals infected with Y strain, which shows prevalence of slender forms and high infectivity in vitro, presented cardiomegaly, inflammation, and fibrosis in heart area. Concerning the immunoglobulin production, no statistically significant difference was observed for IgA, IgM or IgG levels among T. cruzi infected animals. However, IgA together IgM levels have shown to be a good marker for the acute phase of Chagas disease.Item Fatores associados à qualidade de vida em mulheres no climatério.(2016) Serpa, Miguel Arcangelo; Lima, Angélica Alves; Guimarães, Antônio Carlos Pinto; Carrilo, Maria Ruth Gaede Gonçalves; Vital, Wendel Coura; Veloso, Vanja MariaEste trabalho foi composto por um estudo transversal, feito em Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais,Brasil, para avaliar os fatores associados à qualidade de vida em mulheres no climatério.Foram usados o questionário de qualidade de vida SF-36 e uma entrevista sobre dados soci-oeconômicos, demográficos, uso de medicamentos e hábitos de vida. A média de idadedas 113 participantes foi de 53,3 ± 4,4 anos. Dessas, 49,6% conviviam com companheiro e77,4% eram usuárias exclusivas do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foi observado que a renda de54% delas era menor ou igual a um salário mínimo e 69% tinham baixa escolaridade. Naavaliac¸ão da associac¸ão entre as variáveis da entrevista e os oito domínios do questioná-rio SF36, observou-se diferenc¸a significativa na qualidade de vida em relac¸ão a: (i) idadeno domínio saúde mental; (ii) viver com ou sem companheiro nos domínios estado geral desaúde e limitac¸ão por aspecto emocional; (iii) presenc¸a de alguma doenc¸a crônica nos domí-nios estado geral de saúde e saúde mental; (iv) uso de medicamento contínuo no domíniosaúde mental. Conclui-se que o aumento da idade, a presenc¸a de doenc¸as crônicas e o usode medicamentos agrava a qualidade de vida dessas mulheres. Entretanto, a convivênciacom parceiro modifica positivamente alguns domínios associados à qualidade de vida.Item Relationship between the professional of reference and the permanence of ADHD patients in a psychosocial care center for children and adolescents in Minas Gerais.(2015) Guedes, Lucas Araujo; Vital, Wendel Coura; Magalhães, Christine Vianna Algarves; Serra, Carla Penido; Veloso, Vanja Maria