Navegando por Autor "Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos"

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Acromial morphometric analysis using imaging software.
(2013) Crahim, Lucas Fernandes; Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Rocha, Carolina de Lourdes Julião Vieira; Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Ferreira, Tereza Aparecida; Bezerra, Frank Silva
The aim of this study was to accurately measure acromial morphology in order to describe the anatomical patterns of its subtypes and to conduct a survey of the literature regarding the relationships between morphological subtypes and their related diseases. We photographed scapulae from the Institute of Anatomy, University Severino Sombra, and analyzed the images using Image-J Software®. The average acromial angle was 139.23° ± 2.781, with no significant difference between the right and left sides. There was a positive correlation between the acromial angle and the angle of the spine of the scapula. The correlation mentioned above plays an important role in disorders of the shoulder-particularly impingement syndrome-which reinforces the importance of acromial morphology studies.
Influência do posicionamento dos membros superiores sobre parâmetros ventilatórios em indivíduos adultos.
(2012) Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Barboza, Claudia Regina Carvalho; Manso, Rafaela Gontijo; Oliveira, Maria de Fátima Ferreira de; Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Introdução: A ventilação pulmonar depende da integridade da parede torácica. O posicionamento da parede torácica e/ou as disfunções dos músculos ventilatórios diminuem os volumes e as capacidades pulmonares, o fluxo de ar nas vias aéreas e as pressões inspiratória e expiratória máximas. O posicionamento dos membros superiores interfere na dinâmica da caixa torácica. Objetivos: Verificar o efeito do posicionamento dos membros superiores com o ombro a 90° de abdução e rotação externa, associado à flexão de cotovelo a 90° sobre a função ventilatória pulmonar. Métodos: Os indivíduos foram submetidos ao Questionário Respiratório sugerido pela American Thoracic Society – Division of Lung Diseases (ATS-DLD) e à ficha individual de pesquisa, para avaliação clínica da função ventilatória pulmonar. Resultados: Foi observado que o volume minuto e o volume corrente nos indivíduos saudáveis no pós-posicionamento aumentaram quando comparados à situação de pré-posicionamento, de 9,46 ± 1,15 L/min. para 11,89 ± 1,54 L/min. e de 565,8 ± 83,84 ml para 752,4 ± 105,5 ml, respectivamente. Conclusão: O posicionamento dos membros pode ser priorizado antes das técnicas reexpansivas pulmonares. Programas de reabilitação pulmonar, de maneira geral, podem incluir o posicionamento correto dos membros superiores, pois isso coloca em vantagem os músculos que atuam sobre a caixa torácica, melhorando o desempenho da ventilação pulmonar.
Prevalência do tabagismo entre discentes do curso de enfermagem da Universidade Severino Sombra.
(2011) Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Dornelas, Tereza Aparecida; Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Dornelas, Geovani Nunes; Rodrigues, Lília Marques Simões; Bezerra, Frank Silva
O objetivo deste estudo foi levantar a prevalência e o perfil de tabagistas entre discentes do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Severino Sombra. Para isto, durante o período de fevereiro a março de 2009 foi aplicado um questionário para uma amostra de 200 alunos devidamente matriculados e com 18 anos completos. Foi utilizada a análise de prevalência, aproximada em 100%. A prevalência de fumantes, ex-fumantes e não fumantes foi de 10,5%, 4% e 85,5%, respectivamente. O tabagismo foi 1,2 vezes mais frequente entre os homens (11,8/10,1) e entre as mulheres na faixa etária de 21 e 30 anos, com 33,3%. A idade de início do tabagismo foi prevalente antes dos 18 anos (71,4%) e os fatores motivadores ao fumo foram a influência de amigos e a curiosidade, com 38,1% e 28,6%, respectivamente. A maioria dos fumantes (71,4%) apresentou grau leve de dependência nicotínica. Concluiu-se que o tabagismo entre os acadêmicos do Curso de Enfermagem da USS mostrou-se presente e discretamente aumentado em relação a trabalhos anteriores.
Quantitative and morphological analyses of different types of human liver.
(2011) Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Trajano, Eduardo Tavares Lima; Alves, Jackson Nogueira; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Ferreira, Tereza Aparecida; Valença, Samuel dos Santos; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Morphological variations in the human liver have been classified as congenital or acquired, although some may result from pseudo-injuries incurred during medical investigation. The present study comprises a systematic analysis of the anatomical variations exhibited by 61 formalinised and glycerinated adult human livers derived from a collection maintained at the Institute of Anatomy, Universidade Severino Sombra, Vassouras, RJ, Brazil. The vast majority of the organs analysed could be classified according to the seven morphological liver types previously established, although two additional liver types were identified and described. Detailed knowledge of anatomical variations in the human liver could be valuable in improving diagnostic procedures and in attaining a better understanding of pathological conditions associated with some liver diseases
The oxidative response of mouse hearts is modulated by genetic background.
(2013) Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Trajano, Eduardo Tavares Lima; Alves, Jackson Nogueira; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Porto, Luís Cristovão de Moraes Sobrino; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Background: Smoking plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. However, the reasons why some individuals develop those diseases and others do not remain to be explained. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the redox profile of the heart of different mouse strains after exposure to cigarette smoke. Methods: Male mice of the Swiss (n = 10), C3H (n = 10), BALB/c (n = 10) and C57BL/6 (n = 10) strains were exposed to cigarette smoke (12 cigarettes/day), while their respective controls (n = 10) were exposed to ambient air for 60 days. After being euthanized, their heart was removed for biochemical analyses. Results: Although the malondialdehyde content did not increase in any of the groups, catalase activity decreased in the Swiss (p < 0.05) and BALB/c (p < 0.05) strain mice as compared with their respective control groups, while myeloperoxidase decreased in the C3H (p < 0.05) and C57BL/6 (p < 0.001) strain mice as compared with their respective control groups. The reduced glutathione content decreased in the Swiss, C3H, C57BL/6 (p < 0.05) and BALB/c (p < 0,001) strain mice as compared with their respective control groups. Regarding reduced glutathione content, an increase was observed in the Swiss strain mice (p < 0.05), while a decrease was observed in the C3H (p < 0.05) and BALB/c (p < 0.001) strain mice as compared with their respective control groups. The reduced glutathione/reduced glutathione ratio showed a reduction in the Swiss and C57BL/6 (p < 0.05) strain mice as compared with their respective control groups. Conclusion: The genetic background of mice can influence the antioxidant response after exposure to cigarette smoke and seems to be a determinant factor for redox imbalance in Swiss and C57BL/6 strain mice. Understanding antioxidant responses and genetic background of C3H and BALB/c strain mice might provide important information regarding cardiac resistance to cigarette smoke.
Time course of inflammation, oxidative stress and tissue damage induced by hyperoxia in mouse lungs.
(2012) Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Lanzetti, Manuella; Lopes, Alan de Aguiar; Silva, Marco Aurélio dos Santos; Porto, Luís Cristovão de Moraes Sobrino; Valença, Samuel dos Santos
In this study our aim was to investigate the time courses of inflammation, oxidative stress and tissue damage after hyperoxia in the mouse lung. Groups of BALB⁄ c mice were exposed to 100% oxygen in a chamber for 12, 24 or 48 h. The controls were subjected to normoxia. The results showed that IL-6 increased progressively after 12 (P < 0.001) and 24 h (P < 0.001) of hyperoxia with a reduction at 48 h (P < 0.01), whereas TNF-a increased after 24 (P < 0.001) and 48 h (P < 0.001). The number of macrophages increased after 24 h (P < 0.001), whereas the number of neutrophils increased after 24 h (P < 0.01) and 48 h (P < 0.001). Superoxide dismutase activity decreased in all groups exposed to hyperoxia (P < 0.01). Catalase activity increased only at 48 h (P < 0.001). The reduced glutathione ⁄ oxidized glutathione ratio decreased after 12 h (P < 0.01) and 24 h (P < 0.05). Histological evidence of lung injury was observed at 24 and 48 h. This study shows that hyperoxia initially causes an inflammatory response at 12 h, resulting in inflammation associated with the oxidative response at 24 h and culminating in histological damage at 48 h. Knowledge of the time course of inflammation and oxidative stress prior to histological evidence of acute lung injury can improve the safety of oxygen therapy in patients.