Occurrence and removal of drugs and endocrine disruptors in water supply systems in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte -Minas Gerais State, Brazil-.
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2022
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This study evaluates both the occurrence and
removal of 24 compounds, including drugs and endocrine
disruptors, in 8 water treatment plants (WTP) located
in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte (Minas
Gerais State, Brazil). The compounds 4-nonylphenol,
4-octylphenol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 17β-estradiol, acy-
clovir, bisphenol A, bezafbrate, cafeine, dexamethasone,
diclofenac sodium, diltiazem, estrone, estriol, gemfbro-
zil, ibuprofen, linezolid, loratadine, losartan, metformin,
naproxen, paracetamol, promethazine, propranolol and
sulfamethoxazole were monitored at 3 sampling points
(raw water, fltered water, treated water) over 10 or 12 col-
lection campaigns for each WTP. The results showed that
bisphenol A occurred at higher concentrations during the
dry period with a maximum concentration of 3257.1 ng
L−1, while the compounds 4-nonylphenol and losartan
exhibited higher concentrations in the rainy period with
maximum concentrations of 8577.2 ng L−1 and 705.8 ng L−1, respectively. Regarding the removal of compounds
in the monitored WTPs, the clarifcation step demon-
strated better removals for 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol-A,
paracetamol, and sulfamethoxazole, whereas the disinfec-
tion step mainly removed the compounds 4-octylphenol
and estrone. Margin of exposure (ME) assessment results
indicated that only dexamethasone, ethinyl estradiol,
diclofenac, estradiol, and estrone were classifed as immi-
nent risk or alert considering the 95th percentile concen-
tration found in the samples of treated water.
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Water treatment, Clarifcation, Chlorination, Chlorination
Citação
ALVES, M. C. P. et al. Occurrence and removal of drugs and endocrine disruptors in water supply systems in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte -Minas Gerais State, Brazil-. Environ Monit Assess, v. 194, artigo 473, 2022. Disponível em: <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-022-10130-8>. Acesso em: 11 out. 2022.