Canine visceral leishmaniasis follow-up : a new anti-IgG serological test more sensitive than ITS-1 conventional PCR.
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2017
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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease with dogs serving as reservoirs for one of its etiological
agents, Leishmania infantum. In Brazil, VL control involves culling of seropositive dogs, among other actions.
However, the most employed serological tests lack accuracy, and are not able to detect canine visceral leishmaniasis
(CVL) during the early stages of infection. Early detection of CVL is highly desirable in order to shorten
the contact time between the infected reservoirs and the vectors. In this study, we investigated the ability of two
multiepitope proteins, PQ10 and PQ20, to detect CVL at earlier stages than currently employed methods, including
ITS-1 conventional PCR. Using serum samples from naturally infected dogs, we observed that ELISAPQ10
and ELISA-PQ20 were able to detect Leishmania infection at earlier time points as compared with kDNA
PCR-RFLP in anti-IgG and anti-IgM assays. Using sera from experimentally infected dogs, we monitored seroconversion
using multiepitope proteins, ELISA-crude antigen, as well as ITS-1 conventional and real-time PCR.
While seroconversion was detected by ELISA-crude antigen in 16.6% of the dogs, multiepitope proteins were
able to detect seroconversion in more than 80% of them. Moreover, the ability of ELISA-PQ10 and ELISA-PQ20
to detect Leishmania infection at earlier time points as compared with conventional PCR was also confirmed in
experimental infection dogs’ sera. Immunofluorescence to Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis did not show crossreactions
with ELISA-PQ10/PQ20 positive samples. Results of real-time PCR and ELISA with multiepitope
proteins were very similar, with concordances between 80 and 100%. Furthermore, our findings indicated that
PQ10 and PQ20 immunoassays can be related to parasite load. ELISA-PQ10 and ELISA-PQ20 are more sensitive
diagnostic tools for early CVL detection as compared with other methods They could potentially be used in
screening tests due to easy execution and low costs facilities.
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Visceral leishmaniasis, Canine diagnosis, Multiepitope proteins, Serology
Citação
FARIA, A. R. et al. Canine visceral leishmaniasis follow-up : a new anti-IgG serological test more sensitive than ITS-1 conventional PCR. Veterinary Parasitology, v. 248, p. 62-67, 2017. Disponível em: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304401717304673?via%3Dihub>. Acesso em: 05 abr. 2018.