DECAT - Departamento de Controle e Automação
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/490
Navegar
4 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item A novel two degrees of freedom system for measuring iron ore water content on a conveyor belt.(2021) Pinto, Érica Silva; Santos, Gabriel Almeida; Magalhães, Paulo Henrique Vieira; Rêgo Segundo, Alan KardekWater content or moisture of materials is a parameter widely used in the industry. In mining, it is an important variable to control in iron ore production. High moistures may cause instability of iron ore piles and may make transport by ship unfeasible. Therefore, this paper presents the development of a system for measuring iron ore moisture on a conveyor belt (laboratory-scale). The structure that supports the sensor has two degrees of freedom, which allow perpendicular and parallel movements. The parallel movement makes the relative velocity between the measurement cell and the ore almost zero. The vertical movement allows the sensor to be placed at different depths in the ore. These sets enable real-time and in situ measurements. The system uses the capacitive method to determine the dielectric constant of the iron ore located between the sensor electrodes and, consequently, the moisture. This system has a measuring range of 0 to 14% on a dry basis and presents an uncertainty up to 0.07 percentage points for a 2-standard-deviation confidence level. In the validation process, the absolute error was less than 0.34 percentage point in the mining interest range of 6 to 14%. The founded results achieve a significant advance in the development of real-time equipment for measuring ore moisture since there is no device capable of doing it with the necessary level of accuracy and precision. For mining, this kind of system represents a big step to take corrective and preventive decisions around iron ore moisture control.Item Capacitive impedance measurement : dual-frequency approach.(2019) Rêgo Segundo, Alan Kardek; Pinto, Érica Silva; Santos, Gabriel Almeida; Monteiro, Paulo Marcos de BarrosThe most widely used technique for measuring capacitive impedances (or complex electrical permittivity) is to apply a frequency signal to the sensor and measure the amplitude and phase of the output signal. The technique, although efficient, involves high-speed circuits for phase measurement, especially when the medium under test has high conductivity. This paper presents a sensor to measure complex electrical permittivity based on an alternative approach to amplitude and phase measurement: The application of two distinct frequencies using a current-to-voltage converter circuit based in a transimpedance amplifier, and an 8-bit microcontroller. Since there is no need for phase measurement and the applied frequency is lower compared to the standard method, the circuit presents less complexity and cost than the traditional technique. The main advance presented in this work is the use of mathematical modeling of the frequency response of the circuit to make it possible for measuring the dielectric constant using a lower frequency than the higher cut-off frequency of the system, even when the medium under test has high conductivity (tested up to 1220 µS/cm). The proposed system caused a maximum error of 0.6% for the measurement of electrical conductivity and 2% for the relative dielectric constant, considering measurement ranges from 0 to 1220 µS/cm and from 1 to 80, respectively.Item Desenvolvimento de um sistema de medição de umidade de minério de ferro em correia transportadora.(2019) Pinto, Érica Silva; Rêgo Segundo, Alan Kardek; Magalhães, Paulo Henrique Vieira; Leal Filho, Laurindo de Salles; Rêgo Segundo, Alan Kardek; Magalhães, Paulo Henrique Vieira; Leal Filho, Laurindo de Salles; Silva Junior, Sávio Augusto Lopes da; Almeida, Silvia Grasiella MoreiraA umidade de materiais é um parâmetro muito utilizado na indústria. Na mineração, por exemplo, é um fator determinante na linha de produção de minério de ferro. Umidades elevadas podem resultar em instabilidade de pilhas em pátios de estocagem, aumentar os custos de produção e, principalmente, tornar o processo de extração, transporte e beneficiamento de minério de ferro ineficaz. Além dessas consequências, quantidades de água acima de limites pré-estabelecidos podem inviabilizar o transporte de minério em navios. Em contrapartida, baixas umidades podem resultar em emissão de particulados de minério na atmosfera e, consequentemente, perda de material comercializável. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sensor de umidade de minério de ferro em correia transportadora, em escala laboratorial, que pode, futuramente, ser adaptado ao ambiente industrial. A estrutura que sustenta o sistema de medição se movimenta paralelamente ao transportador de correia e juntamente ao minério, fazendo com que a velocidade relativa entre a célula de medição e o minério seja próxima de zero. Essa montagem permite que a medição do conteúdo de água do minério seja realizada em tempo real e in situ. O elemento sensor utiliza o método capacitivo vii como princípio de medição, sendo capaz de determinar a constante dielétrica relativa do meio onde está inserido e correlacioná-la com a umidade em base seca do minério de ferro. Com o objetivo de diminuir o efeito da componente condutiva na medição da constante dielétrica relativa, um método intitulado real-dual-frequency foi aplicado. O sensor desenvolvido se limita a minerais com condutividade elétrica máxima de 800 μS/cm e foi testado utilizando um minério de granulometria fina (pellet feed com menos de 0,15mm) com 65% de teor de ferro. O sistema desenvolvido possui faixa de medição de umidade em peso de 0 a 14% com base seca e apresenta erro máximo de 1,64%, mesmo com o minério em movimento.Item Capacitive impedance measurement : dual-frequency approach.(2019) Rêgo Segundo, Alan Kardek; Pinto, Érica Silva; Santos, Gabriel Almeida; Monteiro, Paulo Marcos de BarrosThe most widely used technique for measuring capacitive impedances (or complex electrical permittivity) is to apply a frequency signal to the sensor and measure the amplitude and phase of the output signal. The technique, although efficient, involves high-speed circuits for phase measurement, especially when the medium under test has high conductivity. This paper presents a sensor to measure complex electrical permittivity based on an alternative approach to amplitude and phase measurement: The application of two distinct frequencies using a current-to-voltage converter circuit based in a transimpedance amplifier, and an 8-bit microcontroller. Since there is no need for phase measurement and the applied frequency is lower compared to the standard method, the circuit presents less complexity and cost than the traditional technique. The main advance presented in this work is the use of mathematical modeling of the frequency response of the circuit to make it possible for measuring the dielectric constant using a lower frequency than the higher cut-off frequency of the system, even when the medium under test has high conductivity (tested up to 1220 μS/cm). The proposed system caused a maximum error of 0.6% for the measurement of electrical conductivity and 2% for the relative dielectric constant, considering measurement ranges from 0 to 1220 μS/cm and from 1 to 80, respectively.