EM - Escola de Minas
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6
Notícias
A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.
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Item Assessment of geoelectrical configurations using reduced physical models for the structural mapping of rock mass and fractured aquifers.(2021) Cardoso, Luiz Henrique; Bacellar, Luis de Almeida PradoThe identification of geological fractures is important for the solution of several geotechnical and hydrogeological problems. The electrical resistivity method has been used to identify fractures, and this research seeks the opti- mization of its application in characterizing rock mass and fractured aquifers. A reduced physical model consisting of marble plates buried in saturated sand was built inside an acrylic tank in order to simulate a frac- tured rock mass covered by saturated soil. The contacts between the plates represent two vertical fracture fam- ilies, named J1 and J2, which were respectively oriented in the NS and N60°E directions. In the comparison between the electrical arrays, the same parameters were considered, e.g. depth of investigation and number of survey lines, as well as internal and boundary conditions. The experiments were divided in stages E1 and E2. In stage E1, azimuthal surveys were carried out using Wenner, Equatorial Dipole-Dipole and Quadratic arrays. The Equatorial Dipole-Dipole array required the smallest area to relocate cables and electrodes and yielded the best results regarding the interpretation of apparent electrical resistivity ellipses and rock mass anisotropy. It was also accurate in the estimation of the fissural porosity. In stage E2, electrical profiling was carried out via the Dipole-Dipole and Gradient arrays. The latter yielded the best resolution regarding the electrical resistivity anomalies, which allowed the mapping of all fractures present in the surveyed area by means of 2D and 3D anal- yses. It is believed that these results be of relevance to the characterization of fractures in geotechnical studies and water exploration in fractured aquifers.Item Development and characterization of titanium dioxide ceramic substrates with high dielectric permittivities.(2020) Freitas, Antonio Evangelista de; Manhabosco, Taíse Matte; Batista, Ronaldo Junio Campos; Rêgo Segundo, Alan Kardek; Araujo, Humberto Xavier de; Araujo, Fernando Gabriel da Silva; Costa, Adilson Rodrigues daTitanium dioxide substrates have been synthesized by means of solid-state reactions with sintering temperatures varying from 1150 ◦C up to 1350 ◦C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) where employed to investigate the crystal structure, grain size and porosity of the resulting samples. The obtained ceramics are tetragonal (rutile phase) with average grain sizes varying from 2.94 µm up to 5.81 µm. The average grain size of samples increases with increasing temperature, while the porosity decreases. The effect of microstructure on the dielectric properties has been also studied. The reduction of porosity of samples significantly improves the dielectric parameters (relative dielectric permittivity and loss tangent) in comparison to those of commercial substrates, indicating that the obtained ceramic substrates could be useful in the miniaturization of telecommunication devices.Item SEM observation of grain boundary structures in quartz-iron oxide rocks deformed at intermediate metamorphic conditions.(2011) Lagoeiro, Leonardo Evangelista; Gonçalves, Cristiane Paula de CastroMuitos estudos têm demonstrado o efeito de uma segunda fase sobre a distribuição de fase fluida e dissolução de grãos de quartzo. Entretanto, como a maioria das observações vêm de agregados deformados sob condições de tensão hidrostática e em rochas quartzosas ricas em mica, a distribuição 3D de poros em bordas quartzo-quartzo (BQQ) e quartzo-hematita (BQH) tem sido estudada. Várias superfícies de fraturas orientadas segundo o elipsóide de deformação finita foram analisadas. A distribuição dos poros caracteriza a porosidade e a forma dos grãos como altamente anisotrópicas, o que resulta da natureza e orientação das bordas. BQH têm propriedades físico/químicas muito diferentes de BQQ, uma vez que as plaquetas de hematita têm forte efeito no comportamento do fluido, de maneira similar às micas em quartzitos. Elas são superfícies planas, livres de poros, normais à direção de máximo encurtamento, sugerindo que estiveram, em um momento, cobertas por um filme contínuo de fluido agindo como um caminho mais rápido de difusão. Nas BQQ, os poros são facetados, isolados, concentrados nos limites das mesmas refletindo o controle cristalográfico e uma rede interconectada de fluido ao longo das junções dos grãos. As BQQ normais à direção de máxima extensão são sítios de concentração de flui crescimento de grãos foram responsáveis pela formação de plaquetas de hematita e grãos de quartzo tabulares contribuindo significativamente para a geração da foliação observada nas rochas estudadas.Item Microporosity of BIF hosted massive hematite ore, Iron Quadrangle, Brazil.(2002) Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Bruand, Ary; Ramanaidou, Erick R.; Gilkes, Robert J.O minério de hematita compacta (MHC) é um tipo de minério de ferro de alto grau usado como minério granulado na obtenção do ferro via redução direta (DRI). A influência da porosidade sobre a redutibilidade do MHC da Mina de Capitão do Mato (Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brasil), foi investigada em amostras de furos de sonda e de afloramentos da mina, usando-se microscópio óptico e eletrônico de varredura. Hematita é o principal componente mineralógico e ocorre sob diferentes formas: granular (10 μm), microtabular (1 μm) e euédrico (10 a 30 μm). Quartzo maghemita, kenomagnetita e goethita são componetes menores. Microporos primários (Å to 1 μm) associam-se a cristais de hematita microtabular, que preenchem espaços entre cristais de hematita granular. Microporos secundários (Å to 5μm), relacionados com os cristais de martita euédrica, são os mais importantes. A porosidade total das amostras do MHC, medida através dos métodos de adsorção de nitrogênio e injeção de mercúrio, atingiu valores de até 11% para amostras intemperisadas. Amostras não alteradas de MHC têm porosidade menor que 2,5%. Verificou-se que a porosidade incrementa a redutibilidade, enquanto que a estrutura (bandamento) tem uma influência negativa na redutibilidade do MHC durante o DRI.Item The role of sodium chloride on surface properties of chalcopyrite leached with ferric sulphate.(2007) Carneiro, Maria Fernanda Coimbra; Leão, Versiane AlbisLeaching of chalcopyrite in oxidizing conditions usually results in low copper extraction due to mineral passivation. It has been proposed that sodium chloride has a positive effect on chalcopyrite dissolution increasing copper extraction. Aiming to bring further insight into this topic, the present work seeks to evaluate the influence of sodium chloride on the leaching of chalcopyrite focusing on surface area and porosity of the reaction products formed during leaching. A finely ground (d50=5.5 μm) chalcopyrite concentrate assaying 25.2% iron, 30.9% sulphur and 27.5% copper was leached in oxygenated ferric sulphate solutions at atmospheric pressure and 95 °C. It has been observed that although sodium chloride favoured natrojarosite precipitation, which reduced the total iron concentration during leaching, copper extractions as high as 91% were accomplished as compared to 45% copper extraction in the absence of NaCl. It is suggested that sodium chloride reduces chalcopyrite passivation and complexes Cu (I) ions adding a second redox couple to the system. Furthermore, morphologic characterization of the reaction products performed by SEM analyses as well as specific surface area and porosity measurements have confirmed that NaCl increases surface area and porosity of the product layer, which explains the high copper extractions observed in the presence of the salt.