EM - Escola de Minas

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Modal identification of bridge 44 of the Carajás railroad and numerical modeling using the finite element method.
(2020) Silva, Marcela Santos da; Neves, Francisco de Assis das
Regular use and the effects of time can affect the behavior of a structure. Over time, problems such as the occurrence of small fissures, oxidation of steel elements, and excessive displacements at some points may arise in a structure. In this context, the monitoring of structures through experimental tests has gained more importance, because it allows for the identification of the dynamic characteristics (natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping rate) of structures. The dynamic characteristics can be obtained through forced vibration tests, which are based on measuring the response of a structure subjected to an excitation of known magnitude, or through tests in which only the structural response is measured, such as free vibration and ambient vibration tests. The present study aims to identify the modal parameters of bridge 44 of the Carajás Railroad, using experimental data obtained on site by monitoring the vibration caused by a group of people jumping, and it compares them with the results obtained through numerical modeling performed using the finite element method, developed in CSiBridge. The modal parameters were obtained using the commercial software ARTeMIS Modal, and stochastic subspace identification was used for modal identification.
Fatigue crack growth assessments in welded components including crack closure effects : experiments and 3-D numerical modeling.
(2013) Burgos, Diego Felipe Sarzosa; Godefroid, Leonardo Barbosa; Ruggieri, Claudio
This work provides a numerical and experimental investigation of fatigue crack growth behavior in steel weldments including crack closure effects and their coupled interaction with weld strength mismatch. A central objective of this study is to extend previously developed frameworks for evaluation of crack closure effects on FCGR to steel weldments while, at the same time, gaining additional understanding of commonly adopted criteria for crack closure loads and their influence on fatigue life of structural welds. Very detailed non-linear finite element analyses using 3-D models of compact tension C(T) fracture specimens with center cracked, square groove welds provide the evolution of crack growth with cyclic stress intensity factor which is required for the estimation of the closure loads. Fatigue crack growth tests conducted on plane-sided, shallow-cracked C(T) specimens provide the necessary data against which crack closure effects on fatigue crack growth behavior can be assessed. Overall, the present investigation provides additional support for estimation procedures of plasticity-induced crack closure loads in fatigue analyses of structural steels and their weldments.
Numerical modeling of failure mechanisms in phyllite mine slopes in Brazil.
(2014) Lana, Milene Sabino
This paper presents three case studies comprising failure mechanisms in phyllite mine slopes at Quadrilátero Ferrífero, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Numerical modeling techniques were used in this study. Failure mechanisms involving discontinuities sub parallel to the main foliation are very common in these mines. Besides, failure through the rock material has also been observed due to the low strength of phyllitesin this site. Results of this work permitted to establish unknown geotechnical parameters which have significant influence in failure processes, like the in situ stress field and the discontinuity stiffness.
Avaliação numérica de ligações tubulares soldadas entre perfis circulares e vigas I considerando o efeito das cargas axiais.
(2011) Reis, Sylvia Letizia Ferrarezi; Sarmanho, Arlene Maria Cunha; Araújo, Afonso Henrique Mascarenhas de; Lima, Luciano Rodrigues Ornelas de
Os perfis tubulares sem costura são largamente utilizados em diversos países. No Brasil, o uso desses perfis na construção civil era bastante limitado, restringindo-se praticamente a coberturas espaciais. Considerando uma nova realidade com o incremento do uso de perfis tubulares, este trabalho apresenta uma análise de ligação tipo “X” uniplanar com perfis tubulares circulares para a coluna e perfis “I” para a viga. A rigidez da ligação foi avaliada através de um modelo em elementos finitos desenvolvido no programa Ansys. Foi feito um estudo considerando-se as relações entre diâmetro e espessura do tubo e o comprimento da mesa da viga de perfil “I” que influenciam na transmissão do momento, portanto na rigidez da ligação. Após a validação da metodologia empregada para modelagem das ligações, são apresentados os resultados obtidos numericamente e analiticamente. É analisado o comportamento momento versus rotação das ligações, portanto sua semi-rigidez. As não-linearidades físicas e geométricas foram incorporadas aos modelos, a fim de se mobilizar totalmente a capacidade resistente dessa ligação. Os resultados numéricos são comparados com resultados teóricos para a ligação em estudo e são avaliados os modos de falha e as cargas limites obtidas.

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