EM - Escola de Minas

URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6

Notícias

A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.

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Resultados da Pesquisa

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4
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    Leaching of bornite produced from the sulfurization of chalcopyrite.
    (2016) Veloso, Tácia Costa; Paiva, Paulo Renato Perdigão de; Silva, Carlos Antônio da; Leão, Versiane Albis
    The pyrometallurgical route accounts for 80 pct of world metallic copper production, because chalcopyrite, the most abundant copper sulfide, is refractory to hydrometallurgical treatment. However, pyrometallurgical routes are quite restrictive as far as copper concentrates are concerned mainly owing to limits on the concentration of impurities, such as fluorine, chlorine, and arsenic that can be tolerated. Such concentrates require innovative processing solutions because their market value is greatly reduced. A potential alternative is the transformation of chalcopyrite to a sulfide amenable to leaching, such as chalcocite, covellite, or bornite, through treatment in either aqueous or gaseous environments. In this study, the sulfurization of a chalcopyrite concentrate containing 78 pct CuFeS2 in the presence of gaseous sulfur was investigated, with the goal of demonstrating its conversion to the leachable phases, i.e., bornite and covellite. The concentrate was reacted with elemental sulfur in a tubular furnace at temperatures ranging from 573 K to 723 K (300 C to 450 C), followed by atmospheric leaching in an Fe(III)-bearing solution. The mineral phases in the sample were quantified using the Rietveld method, and it was shown that at temperatures below 673 K (400 C) chalcopyrite was converted to covellite (41 pct) and pyrite (34 pct), whereas at temperatures above these, the reaction products were bornite (45 pct) and pyrite (31 pct). Leaching tests [6 hours at 353 K (80 C)] showed significantly higher copper extraction rates after sulfurization (90 pct) than those using the raw chalcopyrite concentrate (15 pct).
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    Kinetics of chalcopyrite leaching in either ferric sulphate or cupric sulphate media in the presence of NaCl.
    (2016) Veloso, Tácia Costa; Peixoto, Johne Jesus Mol; Pereira, Márcio Salgado; Leão, Versiane Albis
    The shrinking core model (SCM) has been extensively applied in the kinetics analysis of particulate systems. This is because in its classical form it is one of the simplestmodels developed for fluid–solid reactions. However, it requires single-sized solid grains failing to describe the leaching kinetics for broad particle size distributions (PSDs). The current investigation successfully applied an extension of the SCM to the leaching of chalcopyrite with a broad PSD in a mixed chloride–sulphate solution. Such a medium was selected because there is renewed attention to leaching in mixed systems due to the increasing utilization of saline waters in both leaching and bioleaching of sulphide ores. Moreover, chloride is a catalyst of chalcopyrite leaching. Specifically, the effects of temperature (70 °C to 90 °C) and reagent (Fe3+, Cu2+ and Cl−) concentrations on the leaching kinetics were determined. The results showed that chalcopyrite leaching was faster with Cu2+ (larger rate constant) than with Fe3+, but the activation energy was similar in both cases with 66.6 kJ/mol for 0.5 mol/L of Cu2+ and 66.8 kJ/mol with 1.0 mol/L Fe3+.
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    Assessing metal recovery from low-grade copper ores containing fluoride.
    (2011) Sicupira, Lazaro Chaves; Veloso, Tácia Costa; Gonzaga, Flávia Donária Reis; Leão, Versiane Albis
    Low-grade ores are becoming increasingly important to metal production due to increasing metal prices and depletion of high-grade, low-impurity sources. Bioleaching can be an option to recover the metallic content present in these tailings. In this work, the bioleaching potential of a low-grade copper ore, containing chalcocite, bornite and chalcopyrite, was demonstrated with a Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans strain, at 50 °C. Batch experiments were performed in shake flasks as well as a bioreactor (BioFlo 110), and the effects of pH, metal concentration and air flow rate on copper extraction were determined. The presence of fluoride in the gangue minerals resulted in up to 270 mg/L total fluoride in solution, which affected bioleaching. Fluoride toxicity was overcome with aluminium additions and resulted in high copper extraction (up to 100%) at pH 1.9. Speciation calculations were performed with on the aluminium-fluoride systems and indicated AlF2+ as the main complex in the system, whereas HF concentration was reduced to values below 10−4 mol/L, which seems to be the threshold for bacterial growth inhibition.
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    The effects of fluoride and aluminum ions on ferrous-iron oxidation and copper sulfide bioleaching with Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans.
    (2012) Veloso, Tácia Costa; Sicupira, Lazaro Chaves; Rodrigues, Isabel Cristina Braga; Silva, Larissa A. M.; Leão, Versiane Albis
    Microorganisms that grow at high temperatures can improve Fe(II) bio-oxidation and thereby its technological applications, such as bioleaching and H2S removal. Conversely, elements present in industrial growth media, such as fluoride, can inhibit bacterial growth and iron bio-oxidation. In this work, the influence of fluoride on the kinetics of ferrous-iron bio-oxidation with Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans was investigated. The effects of fluoride concentrations (0–0.5 mmol L−1) on both iron oxidation and bacterial growth rates were assessed. In addition, the effect of the addition of aluminum, which was intended to complex free fluoride and reduce the concentration of HF through the formation of aluminum–fluoride complexes, was also investigated. The results show that 0.5 mmol L−1 NaF completely inhibited bacterial growth within 60 h. Nevertheless, fluoride toxicity to S. thermosulfidooxidans was minimized by control of the aluminum–fluoride ratio in the system because, at a 2:1 aluminum–fluoride molar ratio, bacterial growth was similar to that observed in the absence of fluoride ions. Despite a slower bacterial growth rate, fluoride concentrations less than the inhibitory concentration increased the Fe(II) oxidation rate. Successful copper bioleaching (80–100%) from fluoride-containing sulfide ores (1% total fluoride) was demonstrated in the presence of aluminum.