EM - Escola de Minas
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6
Notícias
A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.
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6 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Late Permian siliceous hot springs developed on the margin of a restricted epeiric sea : insights into strata-confined silicification in mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate successions.(2022) Varejão, Filipe Giovanini; Warren, Lucas Veríssimo; Alessandretti, Luciano; Rodrigues, Mariza Gomes; Riccomini, Claudio; Assine, Mario Luis; Cury, Leonardo Fadel; Faleiros, Frederico Meira; Simões, Marcello GuimarãesHot springs are sources of carbonate minerals in modern settings; however, few fossil structures are recorded in successions older than the Quaternary due to their enhanced erosional potential. >4500 siliceous mounds are recognized in a well-defined level from the upper part of the Permian Teresina Formation (Parana ́ Basin, SE Brazil). Additionally, a new mound level is here reported for the first time about 15 m below the main occur- rence. Remarkable lithological, mineralogical, paleontological and geochemical features characterize the mounds of both levels, pointing to a hydrothermal origin. Therefore, these structures are here called as hot springs. These were originated subaerially, on the margins of a closing epeiric sea developed on a large intra- continental sag basin. Hydrothermal fluids were sourced from deep circulating basin waters that erupted through intraplate deep-rooted faults. Our data suggests that these hot springs were active during distinct cycles of base level variations. Strata-confined silicification was enhanced during periods of high evaporation and hydrother- mal exudation. Finally, the vertical and lateral facies associations of the Permian hot spring succession are compared with modern sites, and implications for the recognition of syn-depositional hydrothermally precipitated silica in ancient sedimentary basins are discussed.Item High-resolution taphonomy and sequence stratigraphy of internally complex, bakevelliid-dominated coquinas from the Aptian Romualdo formation, Araripe Basin, NE Brazil.(2022) Rodrigues, Mariza Gomes; Varejão, Filipe Giovanini; Matos, Suzana Aparecida; Fürsich, Franz Theodor; Warren, Lucas Veríssimo; Assine, Mario Luis; Simões, Marcello GuimarãesThe Aptian Romualdo Formation (Araripe Basin, NE Brazil) was deposited in a restricted epeiric sea, during the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean, with a coeval record to that in the Brazilian Pre-Salt succession. The upper part of the Romualdo Formation encompasses the Highstand Systems Tract of a third-order stratigraphic sequence, and contains shell beds interbedded with shale, siltstone, and fine-grained sandstone. Based on distinct taphonomic features (shell sorting, fragmentation, abrasion, rounding, and orientation), sedimentological criteria (shell abundance, type of matrix, sedimentary structures, and presence/absence of quartz grains), and stratigraphic attributes (bed thickness, geometry, contacts), the paleoenvironmental conditions and the bed-by-bed accumulation history of the coquinas is disentangled. Eight carbonate microfacies were recognized, including ostracod carbonate mudstone, bivalve-gastropod wackestone, gastropod-bivalve packstone, bivalve-gastropod grainstone, bivalve-gastropod floatstone, bivalve-gastropod rudstone, bakevelliid floatstone, and bakevelliid rudstone, which are organized in six, cm-thick shell concentrations. Mudstone and wackestone facies mark the settling of carbonate muds without significant bottom currents and wave action, probably below storm wave base, whereas packstone, floatstone, and rudstone, with fragmented, rounded, and oriented shells, were deposited in agitated waters, between the fair-weather and the storm wave bases. Ripple cross-laminated grainstone is interpreted as high-energy facies deposited above fair-weather wave base. The shell beds are internally complex and consist of cm-scale alternations of microfacies differing in packing, sorting, and composition. They tend to fine upwards within dm-thick shell beds, generating shallowing-upward facies sequences. The concentrations, the uppermost one with in situ bakevelliid shells in the top, record high-frequency base level oscillations influenced by eustasy and climate changes. These bioclastic accumulations originated by the superposition of sedimentologic and primary biologic processes (e.g., post-deposition meiofaunal bioturbation). The cm-thick, low-diversity shell beds are excellent examples of multiple-event carbonate deposits generated in a siliciclastic-dominated, restricted epeiric sea, revealing high-frequency cycles in proximal to distal restricted marine settings.Item High-resolution taphonomy of the Lower Cretaceous “Amargosa Biota”, Central Tucano Sub-Basin, Bahia, Brazil : implications for the paleoenvironmental dynamics of a new Konservat-Lagerstätte.(2022) Souza, T. G. L.; Silva, Suzana Aparecida Matos da; Varejão, Filipe Giovanini; Rodrigues, Mariza Gomes; Ribeiro, Alexandre Cunha; Freitas, Bernardo Tavares; Warren, Lucas Veríssimo; Assine, Mario Luis; Simões, Marcello GuimarãesWe report the Amargosa Biota from the middle part of the Lower Cretaceous Marizal Formation (Central Tucano Sub-Basin, NE Brazil), as a new Konservat-Lagerstatte ̈ . Exceptionally preserved fossils are confined to the lower part of an up to 15-m-thick, mud-dominated succession, named Amargosa Bed. Seven bedding planes (L0-L6) with distinct sedimentological and taphonomic attributes were identified in the type section (Amargosa Village, Euclides da Cunha County, Bahia State), distributed in an ~1-m-thick succession of well-laminated claystone, mudstone, siltstone, and very fine-grained sandstone. These contain ostracods, spinicaudatan carapaces, palae- monid shrimps, fish, and comminuted plant remains. Fossils occur in high concentration on at least four bedding planes (i.e., L2, L3, L5, and L6), forming polytypical assemblages that are dominated by one of the fossil groups. Assemblages are formed mainly by autochthonous to parautochthonous elements, representing variable, but limited, temporal mixing. A key attribute of some fossil-rich strata (L3, L5, and L6) is the preservation of poorly biomineralized organisms and/or of complete soft-bodied parts, which are typically prone to destruction due to rapid decay or bioturbation. The polytypical nature of these fossil assemblages, interbedded with non- fossiliferous intervals, suggests mass mortality events, probably caused by abrupt changes in water parameters (anoxia, salinity, pH, among others). The dark greenish gray color (yellowish when weathered), and the finely laminated nature of the claystone, siltstone, and mudstone containing members of the Amargosa Biota indicates that the benthic infaunal life was absent or, at least, very scarce in a locally, relatively deep, oxygen-poor lake bottom. Anoxia and high salinity, linked with local semi-arid conditions during the Lower Cretaceous may have played key roles in the exceptional preservation of some fossils (shrimps, fish). Finally, our data provide a more comprehensive understanding of the temporal distribution of taxa and taphonomic processes associated with the complex genesis of the fossil-bearing interval of the Amargosa Bed in its type locality.Item Marine or freshwater? : accessing the paleoenvironmental parameters of the Caldas Bed, a key marker bed in the Crato Formation (Araripe Basin, NE Brazil).(2021) Varejão, Filipe Giovanini; Silva, Victor Ribeiro; Assine, Mario Luis; Warren, Lucas Veríssimo; Matos, Suzana Aparecida; Rodrigues, Mariza Gomes; Fürsich, Franz Theodor; Simões, Marcello GuimarãesThe Aptian Crato Formation is world renowned for its well-preserved fossils in microbially-induced laminated limestones, which are regarded as one of the main Cretaceous Konservat-Lagerstätte of the geological record. Detailed stratigraphic investigation and mapping of the up to 90-m-thick Crato Formation at the eastern border of the Araripe Plateau allowed recognition of a regionally persistent fossil-bearing muddy interval, herein defined as the Caldas Bed. At its type locality, it is defined as an up to 2-m-thick coarsening-upward succession of grey/green mudstone and interbedded sandy siltstone and claystone. The 0.85- to 2-m-thick interval was recognized in several localities along the outcrop belt, and it is bounded by sharp, lower (Konservat-Lagerstätte limestone) and upper (sandstone and heterolithic facies) contacts. Despite pre vious literature data suggesting the presence of marine mollusks, the bed contains freshwater bivalves, small gastropods, spinicaudatans, plant remains, trace fossils, and rare ostracods. The Caldas Bed records benthic paleocommunities representing a short-term isochronous regional freshening event, marked by abrupt changes in sedimentation pattern, bathymetry, salinity, oxygenation and water chemistry.Item Short-lived “Bakevelliid-Sea” in the Aptian Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil.(2020) Rodrigues, Mariza Gomes; Matos, Suzana Aparecida; Varejão, Filipe Giovanini; Fürsich, Franz Theodor; Warren, Lucas Veríssimo; Assine, Mario Luis; Simões, Marcello GuimaraesNew Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) bakevelliid bivalves are described for the Romualdo Formation, Santana Group, Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. Together with the other known member of the family Bake- velliidae, already recorded from the unit (i.e., Aguileria dissita), the new bivalves (Araripevellia musculosa gen. et sp. nov., Aguileria romualdoensis sp. nov., and Gen. et sp. indet.) indicate that the Romualdo bakevelliid fauna was more diverse than previously realized. Bakevelliid-rich carbonates, some with specimens preserved in situ, are restricted to the upper third of this unit, a stratigraphic interval yielding also echinoderm-, gastropod- and stromatolite-bearing limestones. These pteriomorphian bivalves were widely distributed in the Romualdo Formation and are a testimony of the short-lived Bakevelliid-Sea that flooded the whole Araripe Basin during the Aptian. Notably, Aguileria romualdoensis sp. nov. closely resembles Aguileria renauxiana from the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation, Texas, US. In addition, Aguileria dissita is also recorded in the upper AptianeAlbian Riachuelo Formation of the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. Together with other macroinvertebrates (i.e., gastropods, echinoderms, bivalves) the bakevelliid fauna of the Romualdo Formation can be tightly correlated with that of the Riachuelo Formation, sup- porting a paleogeographic scenario with a marine ingression flooding the Araripe Basin from the southeast, probably via the seaway developed in the Reconcavo-Tucano basin area. Finally, sedimento- ^ logic, stratigraphic and paleontological data indicates that the fate of the bakevelliids in the Romualdo Formation was linked to the onset of continentalization of the Araripe Basin.Item New freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) with potential trigonioidid and hyriid affinities from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil.(2020) Silva, Victor Ribeiro da; Varejão, Filipe Giovanini; Matos, Suzana Aparecida; Rodrigues, Mariza Gomes; Fürsich, Franz Theodor; Skawina, Aleksandra; Schneider, Simon; Warren, Lucas Veríssimo; Assine, Mario Luis; Simões, Marcello GuimaraesTwo new taxa of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) from the Aptian Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin, NE Brazil, are described. The fossil bivalves are confined to 30- to 130-cm-thick bioturbated mudstones overlying the fossil-rich laminated limestones of the Crato Formation Konservat- Lagersta ̈tte. Individuals are often preserved with closed or splayed articulated valves, some of them potentially in life position, forming an autochthonous to parautochthonous assemblage. Monginellopsis bellaradiata nov. gen., nov. sp. shares key characters with the Trigonioidoidea: (i) the anterior pedal retractor muscle scar is clearly separated from the anterior adductor muscle scar; (ii) the shell has fold- like radial ribs on the posterior half; (iii) a right valve anterior tooth has a striated facet. Araripenaia elliptica nov. gen., nov. sp. is the most abundant and widely distributed unionid of the Crato Formation. Its ornament of anterior inverted V-shaped riblets, and central and posterior radial and sub-radial riblets resembles modern and fossil Hyriidae from the Americas, but also Trigonioidoidea from Eurasia. Its dentition of two smooth anterior pseudocardinals and two smooth posterior laterals in each valve provides no further clues for systematic assignment; muscle scars are not preserved. Assignment to the Hyriidae would make Araripenaia the oldest member of this family known from South America. Moreover, this bivalve assemblage of trigonioidoidids, hyriids, and previously reported silesunionoids suggests palaeobiogeographic links to other areas in both Gondwana and Laurasia.