EM - Escola de Minas
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6
Notícias
A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.
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Item Geochemistry and δ11B evolution of tourmaline from tourmalinite as a record of oceanic crust in the Tonian Ibaré ophiolite, southern Brasiliano Orogen.(2020) Arena, Karine da Rosa; Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Lana, Cristiano de Carvalho; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Castro, Marco Paulo deThe isotopic and geochemical evolution of tourmaline constrain the processes of paleo-oceanic lithosphere in ophiolites. The Brasiliano Orogen is a major structure of South America and requires characterization for the understanding of Gondwana supercontinent evolution. We made a pioneering investigation of tourmaline from a tourmalinite in the Ibaré ophiolite by integrating fi eld work with chemical analyses of tourmaline by electron microprobe (EPMA) and δ11B determinations via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS). Remarkably massive tourmalinite (>90 vol.% tourmaline, some chlorite) enclosed in serpentinite has homogeneous dravite in chemical and isotopic composition (δ11B = +3.5 to +5.2‰). These results indicate a geotectonic environment in the altered oceanic crust for the origin of the tourmalinite. This fi rst δ11B characterization of tourmaline from tourmalinite sets limits to the evolution of the Neoproterozoic to Cambrian Brasiliano Orogen and Gondwana evolution.Item Mineralogical evolution of the northern Bossoroca ophiolite, São Gabriel terrane.(2020) Massuda, Amanda Juliano; Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Castro, Marco Paulo de; Leandro, Carolina Gonçalves; Savian, Jairo FranciscoMineralogical evolution of ophiolites is significant to understand paleo-oceanic crust and mantle requiring multi-proxy techniques to identify steps in the processes. We studied the Bossoroca ophiolite from the southern Brasiliano Orogen, a prime example of Tonian accretion to an oceanic island arc. Integration of field geology, aeromagnetometry, aerogamaspectrometry, electron microprobe analyses, and compositional maps of minerals led to the decoding of oceanic and continental processes. The ophiolite is highly magnetic and low-K and is positioned at the base of the superstructure. We studied amphibolite, tourmalinite, and chromite-talc-magnesite granofels from the ophiolite, Capivaras diorite from the Cambaí Complex infrastructure and one metavolcanoclastic rock from the Vacacaí Group superstructure. Honblende is zoned in all rock types. Low-Ti hornblende is compatible with medium-pressure metamorphism at 7 kbar. This M1 to M2 amphibolite facies resulted in the widespread association of olivine + talc in metaserpentinite. Dravite is similar to tourmaline from the Ibaré ophiolite. Andesine and oligoclase are dominant and albite minor. Cr-spinel in granofels recrystallized in greenschist facies; host rock originated by carbonatization of serpentinite formed in the oceanic crust along with chloritite and tourmalinite. Serpentinite rare earth elements (REE) suggest origin in depleted mantle peridotite. The ophiolite evolved in the Adamastor Ocean until incorporation into the island arc.Item Integrated ophiolite and arc evolution, southern Brasiliano Orogen.(2020) Alves, Tiara Cerva; Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Remus, Marcus Vinicius Dorneles; Lana, Cristiano de CarvalhoIntegrated study of Tonian ophiolite mélanges and intra-oceanic arc of the São Gabriel juvenile terrane exposes a key geotectonic unit in the evolutionary history of Gondwana during Brasiliano Orogeny. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology in rutile and zircon were combined with Lu-Hf and rare earth elements in zircon. We report the first rutile dating of ultramafic rock in the Brazilian Shield of 787.6 ± 2.6 Ma for the Cambaizinho ophiolite magnesian schist. Dating of rutile corresponds to the metamorphic age of the mantle section of the ophiolite. São Gabriel arc infrastructure is represented by the Cambaí Complex, including the Vila Nova Suite metatonalite with zircon U-Pb age of 724.6 ± 3.2 Ma and late Sanga do Jobim Suite monzogranite intrusions with two main pulses at 698.9 ± 4.2 Ma and 673.9 ± 6.8 Ma. Zircon εHf(t) values are positive for both rocks and range between +10.1 and +7.4 in metatonalite and +9.2 to +2.5 in monzogranite. Detrital zircon from metasedimentary rocks support superstructure arc investigation. Ages range from 817 to 650 Ma, with strong concentration between 750 and 730 Ma. Positive εHf(t) values and Rare Earth Elements (REE) signature point to main source of metasedimentary rocks in the arc, with ophiolitic contribution. Therefore, geotectonic processes in the Brasiliano Orogeny include the construction of São Gabriel terrane with Tonian oceanic crust evolving to intra-oceanic subduction until 650 Ma to final development along the margin of continental crust. Overthrusting of the São Gabriel terrane onto the Rio de La Plata Craton occurred at 650–620 Ma. Our data correlate with Tonian intra-oceanic arcs from Brasilia belt (Goiás arc ca. 862–630 Ma) and Ribeira belt (Serra da Prata arc – 856–838 Ma; Rio Negro arc – 790–620 Ma). Oceanic crust generation combined with subduction to form Tonian arcs along the Brasiliano Orogen were most significant for construction of West Gondwana.Item Oceanic crust and mantle evidence for the evolution of tonian-cryogenian ophiolites, southern Brasiliano Orogen.(2020) Werle, Mariana; Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Lana, Cristiano de Carvalho; Silva, Juliana Pertille da; Michelin, Cassiana Roberta Lizzoni; Remus, Marcus Vinicius Dorneles; Roberts, Malcolm; Castro, Marco Paulo de; Leandro, Carolina Gonçalves; Savian, Jairo FranciscoUnravelling the complexity of tonian-cryogenian (950–680 Ma) evolution of ophiolites requires the search for rare mineral systems and their quantification with varied techniques. Ophiolites in the Brasiliano Orogen are widely distributed over 2,000 km along the eastern half of South America. We selected two ophiolites from different geotectonic settings of the Sul-Riograndense Shield, southern Brasiliano Orogen, to delimit the evolution of the oceanic phase of the orogen. The southern portion of the Bossoroca ophiolite is inserted in the Sao ˜ Gabriel juvenile terrane and contains rare metasomatic tourmaline in chloritite close to serpentinite and metamorphosed Cr-spinel. The southern Bossoroca ophiolite was intruded by Cerro da Cria and Ramada Granites and the U-Pb-Hf isotopic study of zircon from these rocks constrains the crustal evolution of the Sao ˜ Gabriel juvenile terrane. Capan´e ophiolite has similar age (793–715 Ma) as the Bossoroca ophiolite and was inserted in the Porongos fold-thrust belt with preserved Cr-spinel of mantellic composition. Integrated use of Cr-spinel mineral chemistry, B isotopes in tourmaline in the Bossoroca ophiolite and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes of granites associated with the southern Bossoroca ophiolite revealed several steps in the evolution of the ophiolites in the Dom Feliciano Belt. Capan´e Cr-spinel cores have mantle-derived compositions (Mg# 0.66 – 0.69; Cr# 0.51 – 0.53), tourmaline from the Bossoroca ophiolite is dravite and has δ11B = 0 to + 3, and granites crystallization ages are 578 ± 3.2 and 612 ± 12 Ma (εHfzrn = − 10 to − 25). Zircon from other dravite occurrences of the Bossoroca ophiolite were previously dated at 920 Ma. We unraveled the main steps in the evolution of ophiolites from the southern Brasiliano Orogen, with emphasis on the Bossoroca and Capan´e ophiolites, during their trajectory from mid-ocean ridge (920 Ma), formation of dravite in oceanic crust, preservation of mantellic cores in Cr-spinel, and intrusion of craton-generated granites at 612–578 Ma.Item U-Pb geochronology of Paraná volcanics combined with trace element geochemistry of the zircon crystals and zircon Hf isotope data.(2019) Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Baggio, Sergio Benjamin; Brückmann, Matheus Philipe; Knijnik, Daniel Barbosa; Lana, Cristiano de Carvalho; Massonne, Hans-Joachim; Opitz, Joachim; Pinto, Viter Magalhães; Sato, Kei; Tassinari, Colombo Celso Gaeta; Arena, Karine da RosaThe Paraná volcanic province is a window into mantle and crustal processes in the Cretaceous. The variability and complexity of this province can be determined through the study of minerals. An integrated study of zircon from Paraná lavas (one high-Ti basalt, one low-Ti andesite, one high-Ti rhyodacite and one high-Ti andesite sill) was achieved using backscattered electron imaging, sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-IIe) for U-Pb geochronology, and laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometer (LA-ICPMS) to determine the Lu- Hf isotopes and the trace-element compositions. U-Pb-Hf and trace-element data indicate that zircon crystallized from the magma at approximately 134 Ma. This South American large igneous province originated from the mantle and was contaminated by crust either in the mantle or during ascent and crystallization of magma. Contaminant continental crust had Precambrian age. Trace elements point to a new compositional field for zircon, different from other types of provinces. Examination of volcanic zircon improves our understanding of age and contamination of the Paraná volcanics.Item Proto-Adamastor ocean crust (920 Ma) described in Brasiliano Orogen from coetaneous zircon and tourmaline.(2018) Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Werle, Mariana; Michelin, Cassiana Roberta Lizzoni; Lana, Cristiano de Carvalho; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Castro, Marco Paulo de; Arena, Karine da RosaProto-Adamastor ocean bathed Rodinia and successor continental fragments from 1.0e0.9 Ga up to 0.75 Ga, and evolved into world Adamastor Ocean at 0.75e0.60 Ga. Mesoproterozoic oceanic crust is poorly preserved on continents, only indirect evidence registered in Brasiliano Orogen. We report first evidence of ophiolite originated in proto-Adamastor. We use multi-technique U-Pb-Hf zircon and d11B tourmaline isotopic and elemental compositions. The host tourmalinite is enclosed in metaserpentinite, both belonging to the Bossoroca ophiolite. Zircon is 920 Ma-old, 3 Hf(920 Ma)¼þ12, HfTDM ¼ 1.0 Ga and has ‘oceanic’ composition (e.g., U/Yb < 0.1). Tourmaline is dravite with d11B ¼ þ1.8& (Tur 1), 0& (Tur 2), 8.5& (Tur 3). These characteristics are a novel contribution to Rodinia and associated world ocean, because a fragment of proto-Adamastor oceanic crust and mantle evolved at the beginning of the Brasiliano Orogen.Item Complexos máfico-ultramáficos do escudo Sul-rio-grandense : revisão com ênfase na geoquímica dos elementos da série 3D de transição.(1992) Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Wildner, Wilson; Remus, Marcus Vinicius Dorneles; Suita, Marcos Tadeu de FreitasOs complexos máfico-ultramáficos do Rio Grande do Sul foram reavaliados, com ênfase nos dados disponíveis para elementos químicos da série 3d de transição. Os complexos apresentam geralmente três componentes, quais sejam, ultramáfico (principalmente peridotitos, serpentinitos e xistos magnesianos), máfico e metassomático. Este último componente está bem desenvolvido na maioria dos complexos e foi identificado mas não estudado em detalhe. A suíte gabróica está presente em diversas áreas, tal como Pedras Pretas, e mostra uma química da série 3d de transição desde menos evoluída até mais evoluída, podendo ser classificada da mesma forma que em outras séries do mundo. Os serpentinitos são semelhantes entre si, independente da área avaliada, normalmente mostrando características residuais exceto em Pedras Pretas, onde a química do protólito gabróico foi mantida. Os peridotitos do Cerro da Mantiqueira são harzburgitos e a sua química da série 3d não pode ser distinguida de serpentinitos. Na região do Arroio Cambaizinho, os xistos magnesianos contendo várias proporções de tremolita + clorita + magnetita + ilmenita foram testados em camadas com um a cinco metros de espessura e que apresentam continuidade lateral de afloramento de centenas de metros. Eles mostram química uniforme na mesma banda e parecem corresponder a lavas magnesianas, de afinidade possivelmente komatiítica, metamorfizada na fácies anfibolito. As lavas foram derivadas de um manto enriquecido em elementos LILE ou contaminadas por material crustal.Item Estudos químicos, físicos e isotópicos em zircões.(1996) Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Vasconcellos, Marcos Antonio Zen; Leite, J. D.; Takehara, Lucy; Remus, Marcus Vinicius Dorneles; Suita, Marcos Tadeu de Freitas; McNaughton, Neal JesseItem Evolução magmática e metamórfica de zircão do Complexo Barro Alto (GO), com base em imagens de elétrons retro-espalhados e análises químicas por microssonda eletrônica.(1999) Takehara, Lucy; Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Vasconcellos, Marcos Antonio Zen; Suita, Marcos Tadeu de FreitasO zircão é muito utilizado em geocronologia U-Pb por ser considerado um sistema isotópico fechado e apresentar quantidades elevadas de U e Th. No presente trabalho, foram feitos estudos de imagens de elétrons retroespalhados (BSE) e perfis de varredura espacial por espectrômetro dispersivo em comprimento de onda dos elementos Hf, Y e U em cristais de zircão de algumas amostras do Complexo Barro Alto (GO). As imagens de BSE e os perfis evidenciam variações nas estruturas internas e na composição dos cristais de zircão, que são reflexos de processos magmáticos e metamórfïcos sofridos pela rocha hospedeira. Além das feições magmáticas presentes, observamos que os processos metamórficos encontram-se registrados de forma variável nos cristais de zircão, sendo que alguns cristais são menos afetados que outros, indicando serem mais resistentes. Em todos os cristais observados, o metamorfismo regional de médio a alto grau do Ciclo Brasiliano encontra-se registrado de uma forma mais ou menos intensa, evidenciando a abertura do sistema neste período, que afetou consequentemente o sistema isotópico.Item Provenance and age delimitation of Quadrilátero Ferrífero sandstones based on zircon U–Pb isotopes.(2006) Hartmann, Leo Afraneo; Endo, Issamu; Suita, Marcos Tadeu de Freitas; Santos, João Orestes Schneider; Frantz, José Carlos; Carneiro, Maurício Antônio; McNaughton, Neal Jesse; Barley, Mark E.The Quadrilátero Ferrífero has some of the largest iron and gold deposits in the world and is a major geotectonic unit of the São Francisco Craton in Brazil. U–Pb zircon SHRIMP geochronology of six detrital sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks (114 zircon crystals, 118 spot analyses) has improved the understanding of the sedimentary processes and provenance ages of both rocks and the associated iron formation. The age of deposition of the iron formation is constrained between 2.58 and 2.42 Ga. The presence of an old Paleoarchean crust is dated in detrital zircon crystals, including the oldest zircon in South America (3809G3 Ma). Only high-Th/U, magmatic zircon crystals are present in the dated sedimentary rocks, and these indicate that the crust of the region was formed mostly during the Jequie´ cycle (six age peaks between 3055 and 2635 Ma). This time span ofw420 m.y. is similar to the duration of a long-lived Wilson cycle. Most of the Rio das Velhas Basin was filled during approximately 30 m.y. between 2746 and 2717 Ma, though volcanism probably started earlier. The youngest detrital zircon age from the Minas Supergroup indicates that the intracratonic basin fill, including the iron formation, was deposited after 2580 Ma. Therefore, the crust was cratonized shortly after the intrusion of minor granitic bodies at around 2.62–2.58 Ga. A large gap in orogenic activity is indicated by the absence of zircon ages of 2580–2182 Ma.