EM - Escola de Minas

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Estimating groundwater resources of the Içá-Solimões Aquifer System in the Urucu Oil Province Central Amazon Region, Brazil, focused on a balance between availability and water demand.
(2020) Galvão, Paulo Henrique Ferreira; Faria, Eliene Lopes; Demetrio, José Geilson Alves; Baessa, Marcus Paulus Martins
Hydrogeologic information is still scarce in the Amazon region being required more studies for improving the understanding of local hydrogeologic contexts. The goal of this paper, focused on the Urucu Oil Province, Brazilian Central Amazon, is to quantitatively estimate groundwater resources of the Içá-Solimões Aquifer System (ISAS) in the region. The work focuses on a balance between availability and water demand, considering current and future uses, contributing to a sustainable and integrated use of groundwater. Cartographic, lithologic and geophysical logs were analyzed coupled with ISAS hydraulic data (transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, and storativity) and its local aquifer geometries, as well as the potentiometric surface map to estimate values of total and renewable groundwater resources, sustainable yields, and well-field facility capacities. Results showed the portion of the Içá-Solimões Aquifer System has a total groundwater resource of 0.45 km3. As there is a groundwater consumptive projection to 2050 close to 2.7 x 10-3 km3 yr–1 and the aquifer system has a sustainable yield of 3 x 10-3 km3 yr–1, the current resource allocation for future consumption rate appears to be sustainable.
Geometry and water quality of the unconfined aquifer near the Piracicaba river, Ipatinga/MG, Brazil.
(2019) Oliveira, Débora Almeida de; Galvão, Paulo Henrique Ferreira
Groundwater is the main source of drinking water for the city of Ipatinga/MG, Brazil. However, there is a lack of study about hydrogeology in the region, as well as indications of quality alterations of water resources. The goal is to understand the hydrogeology surrounding the COPASA's Water Treatment Plant and the Piracicaba river areas, where the main water supply wells are located. Maps of potentiometric surface, isobaths and isopachs, hydrogeological cross-section, aquifer pumping tests, and physicochemical analysis interpretations were performed. Results indicate the aquifer is unconfined, with high transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity values, which explain the high values of discharge in the wells. The Piracicaba river can be considered as influent, with its water flow converging to the aquifer. Groundwater shows chemical parameters at low levels, according to Brazilian drinking-water quality guidelines, with local presence of aluminum, iron, and manganese, requiring only conventional treatment processes before distribution
Recharge sources and hydrochemical evolution of an urban karst aquifer, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.
(2017) Galvão, Paulo Henrique Ferreira; Hirata, Ricardo; Halihan, Todd; Terada, Rafael
The current water supply for the city of Sete Lagoas, Brazil, is almost entirely groundwater from the Sete Lagoas Karst Aquifer, with a small contribution from a fractured-basement rock aquifer. Characterizing the hydrogeologic processes is important for proper water resource management, avoiding contamination and other future issues. The main goal of this study is to identify active hydrogeological processes, such as possible surface– ground water interactions, sources of recharge, and the hydrochemical evolution of groundwater through the use of stable isotopes 18O and 2H and major ion data. The groundwater samples were collected from the karst aquifer (central urban area) and from the fractured aquifer (southern part of the city). Surface water samples were collected from the seven main lakes, and rainwater was sampled over a period of one year. The stable isotope results indicated the groundwater origin is directly from local precipitation, having a limited recharge period, and locally receiving surface water contributions. Groundwater quality in the central urban area may be influenced by surface water infiltration where the karst aquifer is in contact with overlying unconsolidated sediments. Some samples with nitrate concentration of 10 mg/L or higher indicates the natural composition of the groundwater has been altered by urban sewage contamination. The highest concentrations of major ions were found in the central region, where the most karstified area from the Sete Lagoas Formation is located. These data suggest a longer residence time for this water, indicating more mineralization, in accordance with the geological information.

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