EM - Escola de Minas

URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6

Notícias

A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.

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Resultados da Pesquisa

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 12
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    Application of the HF, DRA and DCDA technologies for in situ stress determination in Iron Quadrangle rock masses.
    (2021) Penido, Henrique de Andrade; Funato, Akio; Metsugi, Hideya; Torres, Vidal Félix Navarro; Girao Sotomayor, Juan Manuel; Dight, Phil; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de; Assis, André Pacheco de; Guimarães, Alessandro Jésus
    This study presents an unprecedented campaign of measurements (magnitudes and orientations) of the in situ stresses in itabirite rocks of the Brazilian Iron Quadrangle region using the hydraulic fracturing (HF), deformation rate analysis (DRA) and diametrical core deformation analysis (DCDA) methods. The previous studies of this rock mass consider estimated values of k, and the practice of using in situ stress tests to support geotechnical analyses of the rock mass of this region has not been adopted. The study site is located at a depth of up to 400 m around a pit. The rock mass under study shows the presence of different geological structures, which made performing the tests difficult. The DRA results show a marked difference compared to the HF and DCDA results; the horizontal stresses were greater than the vertical stresses, which is a finding that may occur due to local geodynamic influences. The results contribute to the understanding of the strains and stresses induced by mining activities in the Brazilian Iron Quadrangle. For a better determination of the regional in situ stresses in the rock mass of the Brazilian Iron Quadrangle, new HF tests, as well as hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures are recommended.
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    Hydrofracturing in situ stress measurements of itabirite in the Brazilian Ferriferous Quadrangle and their limitations.
    (2022) Penido, Henrique de Andrade; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de; Assis, André Pacheco de; Torres, Vidal Félix Navarro; Girao Sotomayor, Juan Manuel; Guimarães, Alessandro Jésus
    This article presents a first attempt to carry out in situ stress measurements (magnitudes and orientations) of the itabirite in the Brazilian Ferrifer- ous Quadrangle by hydraulic fracture testing at a depth of 399 m. Previous studies on this rock have consid- ered estimated values of the k index (ratio between the horizontal effective stress Sh, generally controlled by tectonism, and the vertical effective stress Sv, gener- ally controlled by gravity), and it is not a common practice to carry out in situ stress tests in this region and rock type to support geotechnical analysis. The area of study was located at a depth of 500 m in a pit because the determination of the in situ stress distri- bution is very important to assess the stability of the open-pit mine. The planning, execution and results of the tests are presented. The studied rock mass exhibits different geological structures, such as banding and foliation, which resulted in difficulties with perform- ing the tests, and only 12.5% of the tests were successful. The results can help interpret the strains and stresses induced by mining activities in slopes in the Brazilian Ferriferous Quadrangle and their impacts on the surrounding structures. For a better determina- tion of the regional in situ stresses in the rock of the Brazilian Ferriferous Quadrangle, hydraulic tests on pre-existing fractures are recommended.
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    Mechanics of Cosserat generalized continuum and modelling in structural geology.
    (2020) Moraes, Anderson; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de; Vargas Júnior, Eurípedes do Amaral
    A concepção e interpretação de modelos em geologia estrutural, especialmente os numéricos, são eminentemente baseadas nos princípios da mecânica do contínuo clássico, onde a formulação intrínseca possui alto grau de simetria em sua própria essência. No entanto, as estruturas geológicas apresentam em todas as escalas de observação um nível notável de assimetria. Por outro lado, a mecânica do contínuo generalizado de Cosserat, ao incorporar comprimentos característicos da estrutura da matéria em suas leis constitutivas e em seus critérios de ruptura, conduz naturalmente à assimetria e à heterogeneidade dos campos cinemáticos e dinâmicos responsáveis pela estruturação presente em rochas. Baseado na formulação intrínseca dos meios contínuos de Cosserat, o presente trabalho enfatiza modelos conceituais, analíticos e numéricos que sugerem uma ampliação na interpretação da gênese e do desenvolvimento de estruturas geológicas, em particular as encontradas em zonas de falhas.
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    Influence of induced stresses by sublevel stopes in stability conditions of development openings in underground mines.
    (2016) Mendonça, Guilherme Alzamora; Lana, Milene Sabino; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de
    This work aims to investigate the influence of induced stresses by sublevel stopes in development excavations, which are excavated to access these stopes. Parametric studies changing the position of development openings in relation to stopes were performed in order to evaluate the stability conditions of these openings. Numerical modeling using finite element method was applied to the simulations. An elastic behavior of the rock mass was assumed to allow the simulation of a lot of different opening locations. The results have showed distinct scenarios. Some cases of global collapse were found as well as some situations where the integrity of the openings could be kept. Therefore, the most favorable situations were chosen to perform a plastic analysis in order to have a better knowledge of opening stability conditions. The geometry of the excavations from Caraiba Mining Company, which extracts copper from an underground mine in Brazil, was used in these analyses to illustrate a real situation where many failure problems in these development openings were observed.
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    Ruptura do talude sudeste da mina de N4E : um estudo de caso, Carajás, estado do Pará.
    (2013) Sá, Gilvan; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de; Magalhães, Fábio Soares
    A mina de minério de ferro de N4E está situada no Complexo Minerador de Carajás, Estado do Pará, onde existe um histórico de grandes deformações fortemente condicionada pela zona de cisalhamento de contato no talude de lapa entre a formação ferrífera da Formação Carajás sobreposta às rochas metabásicas da Formação Parauapebas (Grupo Grão Pará). Os eventos de rupturas demonstraram um forte condicionamento geológico estrutural, nas rochas metabásicas do talude de lapa, caracterizando rupturas planares e plano- -circulares demonstrando a necessidade de um melhor entendimento do arcabouço estrutural e dos condicionantes de rupturas. Neste sentido, procurou-se, através de mapeamentos litoestruturais e geomecânicos, de campanhas de ensaios de laboratório e retroanálises deste evento, aferir e recalibrar os parâmetros de resistência da hematita friável, da máfica decomposta e da zona de cisalhamento e entender o comportamento das rupturas. Após selecionar a ruptura do talude sudeste, foram realizadas retroanálises, ajustes e aferições dos parâmetros de resistência e métodos aplicados. Os critérios de resistência ao cisalhamento utilizado para as retroanálises foram: Critérios de Mohr-Coulomb e Critério de Barton & Bandis, os quais auxiliaram nos ajustes dos parâmetros a partir dos ensaios de laboratório, demonstrando boa aplicabilidade ao estudo de caso. Os métodos utilizados para o cálculo do fator de segurança foram: métodos Spencer e GLE/Morgenstern Price, aplicados em função de seu maior rigor. Anteriormente as análises não contemplavam esta informação e só eram realizadas pelo Método de Mohr-Coulomb. O resultado final apresentou parâmetros de resistência ajustados às condições da ruptura presente no contato do talude de lapa, além de confirmar a grande deformação do maciço sem sua ruptura plena em função das macrorrugosidades no contato de base, a qual corroborou diretamente para o modo e desenvolvimento desta ruptura, confirmada nas retroanálises realizadas, aferindo e recalibrando os parâmetros de resistência com maior precisão para utilizações futuras.
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    Importância da geologia de engenharia e geomecânica na mineração.
    (2011) Brito, Sergio Nertan Alves de; Cella, Paulo Roberto Costa; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de
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    Análise das tensões in situ na mina Cuiabá - Sabará - Minas Gerais – Brasil.
    (2015) Tropia, Isabela Ribeiro; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de
    Nos projetos de mina subterrânea, o estudo do campo de tensão in situ é fundamental, já que esses requerem, diretamente ou como dado de entrada, a orientação e a magnitude das tensões para o dimensionamento das suas escavações subterrâneas, suporte e reforço dessas, desenvolvimento de modelos numéricos, determinação de métodos e sequenciamento de lavra, previsão de rockburst, entre outros. O conhecimento do estado de tensão in situ geralmente se baseia nas deformações medidas em ensaios diretos como, por exemplo, o de sobrefuração. Por possuir um alto custo, geralmente, restringe-se esse tipo de ensaio a poucas medições. No entanto, outras informações podem ser avaliadas para a compreensão das tensões sendo denominados de métodos indiretos e indicativos, como discing e breakout. A análise e a comparação dos dados obtidos nos ensaios diretos com as informações de discing e breakout mostraram-se na Mina Cuiabá de grande valor para a concepção de um modelo das tensões in situ.
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    Application of the discrete element method for modeling of rock crack propagation and coalescence in the step-path failure mechanism.
    (2013) Camones, Luis Arnaldo Mejía; Vargas Júnior, Eurípedes do Amaral; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de; Velloso, Raquel Quadros
    The present study evaluates the discrete element method (DEM) as a tool for understanding the step-path failure mechanism in fractured rock masses. Initially, the study simulates crack propagation and coalescence in biaxial and triaxial laboratory tests. The results of this analysis showthat the DEMaccurately represents these processes in comparison to other studies in the technical literature. The crack propagation and coalescence processes are important in the step-path failure mechanism for slopes. Simple examples of this mechanism were modeled, and their results were compared with those of the analytical model proposed by Jennings (1970). Among the possibilities suggested by Jennings,modelingwith DEMdid not provide a good approximation for the case of coplanar cracks, forwhich failures in the intact rock bridges should only be caused by shear forces. Inmodelingwith DEM, tensile failures occur within the sliding block, generating forces that are not considered in the Jennings model. The non-coplanar crack condition provided a better approximation, since the Jennings model formulation for this case includes the tensile failure of the rock. The main advantage of the DEM over other computational tools is its micromechanical representation of discontinuous media, which permits a better understanding of the step-path failure mechanism. However, good calibration of the macroscopic parameters of the rock and its discontinuities is necessary to obtain good results.
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    Numerical analysis of sand/solids production in boreholes considering fluid-mechanical coupling in a Cosserat continuum.
    (2011) Muller, André Luís; Vargas Júnior, Eurípedes do Amaral; Vaz, Luiz Eloy; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de; Gonçalves, Clemente José
    Sand/solids production is a serious problem faced by the petroleum industry during production stages. Particles/groups of particles of the formation rock are produced together with pumped oil or gas causing highly damaging effects on pipes and valves. This phenomena can be caused by several factors including the stresses developed around the boreholes/perforations and fluid flow, which break and erode the rock, respectively. Numerical simulation of sand/solids production presents a considerable challenge as intricacies of failure processes must be correctly simulated. This paper presents a finite element based procedure for simulating the process of sand/solids production, considering fluid- mechanical coupling in an elasto-plastic Cosserat continuum. It is believed that the enhanced deformation modes included into Cosserat continua may contribute for proper modeling of the deformational behavior and failure modes of the cemented/non-cemented granular materials involved. Bogdanova-Bontcheva and Lippmann’s constitutive model was implemented in order to model the granular materials involved. Finally, the work presents the analysis of sand/solids production in a hypothetical borehole. For comparison purposes, different characteristic lengths of the material are adopted and analysis is also performed using standard continua.
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    Mechanical characterization of rock splitting planes in granitic rocks.
    (2006) Almeida, Luiz Carlos Rodrigues de; Vargas Júnior, Eurípedes do Amaral; Figueiredo, Rodrigo Peluci de