EM - Escola de Minas

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Provenance and paleogeographic reconstruction of a mesoproterozoic intracratonic sag basin (Upper Espinhaço Basin, Brazil).
(2014) Santos, Marcelo Nascimento dos; Chemale Júnior, Farid; Dussin, Ivo Antonio; Martins, Maximiliano de Souza; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Pinto, R. T. R.; Santos, A. N.; Armstrong, Richard
The Mesoproterozoic Conselheiro Mata Group is the uppermost sequence of the Proterozoic intracontinental Espinhaço basin that developed on the Congo-São Francisco Paleoplate. This sequence is represented by amarine shallow-water platform that experienced a sag phase followed by a rift phase in the Upper Espinhaço.We used combined sedimentological-stratigraphic descriptions of sections, whole-rock (WR) geochemistry and U-Pb detrital zircon dating to develop a regional paleogeographic evolution model of the sag phase. The succession corresponds to transgressive-regressive cycles in the following ascending order: 1) offshore to lower shoreface facies represented by quiescent periods and episodic sediment supply (Santa Rita Formation); 2) upper shoreface to foreshore and coastal desert facies with a reworking of the underlying units (Córrego dos Borges Formation); 3) lower shoreface with fallout of suspended fine sediments and a combination of unidirectional and oscillatory flows generated by storm waves (Córrego da Bandeira Formation); 4) tidal-influenced upper shoreface to foreshore facies with the migration of subaqueous dunes, wave swash in a beach environment and cycles of neap-spring tides (Córrego Pereira Formation); and 5) the resumption of lower-shoreface sedimentation and the subsequent development of a stromatolitic carbonate-siliciclastic platform (Rio Pardo Grande Formation). The geochemical data indicate that the studied units contain input from felsic rocks and sedimentary rocks. The basal marine to eolian sediments of the Galho do Miguel Formation are dominated by Rhyacian sources (2.1 Ga). The basal and intermediate units of the Conselheiro Group contain Archean, Rhyacian, Statherian and Calymmian-Ectasian (1.6–1.33 Ga) zircon grains, whereas Orosirian (1.9–2.0 Ga) sources dominate in the upper strata of the group. The study of this Stenian (Mesoproterozoic) intracratonic sequence provides clues to understanding the history of sedimentation and the potential source areas on the São Francisco Craton and adjacent areas, which are very useful for comparison to Phanerozoic intracratonic basins and the reconstruction of Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic supercontinents.
Sedimentological and paleoenvironmental constraints of the Statherian and Stenian Espinhaço rift system, Brazil.
(2013) Santos, Marcelo Nascimento dos; Chemale Júnior, Farid; Dussin, Ivo Antonio; Martins, Maximiliano de Souza; Assis, Tiago A. R.; Jelinek, Andréa Ritter; Guadagnin, Felipe; Armstrong, Richard
The Espinhaço Basin in eastern Brazil contains depositional sequences developed in the São Francisco paleoplate and its margins. Detailed mapping was conducted and combined with U–Pb detrital zircon dating to determine the sedimentological-stratigraphic framework, provenance and minimum and maximum ages of the syn-rift-deposits. The two cycles have minimum ages of 1192 and 923 Ma and maximum ages of 1785 and 1685 Ma. The first depositional cycle, represented by the Bandeirinha and São João da Chapada formations, is marked by contributions of Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic detrital zircons. The second cycle, the diamond-bearing Sopa-Brumadinho Formation, also contains Mesoproterozoic zircons formed between 1300 and 1190 Ma, which suggests an additional external source of Grenvillian age, that was not previously recorded in the São Francisco Craton. The investigation of such Mesoproterozoic intraplate sedimentary records, provides clues to understanding the history of the Rodinia active margins and, therefore, the kinematic reconstruction of its paleoplates.
Unravelling a Proterozoic basin history through detrital zircon geochronology : the case of the Espinhaço Supergroup, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
(2012) Chemale Júnior, Farid; Dussin, Ivo Antonio; Alkmim, Fernando Flecha de; Martins, Maximiliano de Souza; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Armstrong, Richard; Santos, Marcelo Nascimento dos
New U–Pb in situ zircon dating provides a new approach for the study of the Espinhaço Supergroup units exposed in the São Francisco Craton and Araçuaí Orogen. Located in Southern Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, the following two basins were formed in intraplate conditions: (i) the Lower Espinhaço Basin is marked by a volcano-sedimentary sequence with alluvial, fluvial and eolian deposits that were formed from 1.68 Ga to 1.80 Ga; (ii) the overlying sequence, called the Upper Espinhaço Basin, is a rift-sag basin that presents basal diamond-bearing continental deposits (the Sopa–Brumadinho Formation) with a younger zircon peak at 1192 Ma, which is the maximum age for deposition of the upper units. The obtained U–Pb detrital zircon data of the studied units show age groupings related to the orogenic cycles of Jequié (Neoarchean) and Transamazonian (Paleoproterozoic), which are associated with the stability period from 1.8 Ga to 0.91 Ga in the São Franscico Craton, and record deposition during at least the three basinal cycles. The Stenian–Tonian ages of the Upper Espinhaço Basin units (906 Ma to 1192 Ma) suggest a direct link with the evolution of the Rodinia Supercontinent and represent a marker for Mesoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic evolution in the São Franscico Craton and adjacent areas.

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