EM - Escola de Minas
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6
Notícias
A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.
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Item A large epeiric methanogenic Bambuí sea in the core of Gondwana supercontinent?(2021) Caetano Filho, Sergio; Sansjofre, Pierre; Ader, Magali; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira daCarbon isotope compositions of both sedimentary carbonate and organic matter can be used as key proxies of the global carbon cycle and of its evolution through time, as long as they are acquired from waters where the dis- solved inorganic carbon (DIC) is in isotope equilibrium with the atmospheric CO2. However, in shallow water platforms and epeiric settings, the influence of local to regional parameters on carbon cycling may lead to DIC isotope variations unrelated to the global carbon cycle. This may be especially true for the terminal Neo- proterozoic, when Gondwana assembly isolated waters masses from the global ocean, and extreme positive and negative carbon isotope excursions are recorded, potentially decoupled from global signals. To improve our understanding on the type of information recorded by these excursions, we investigate the paired δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg evolution for an increasingly restricted late Ediacaran-Cambrian foreland system in the West Gondwana interior: the basal Bambuí Group. This succession represents a 1st-order sedimentary sequence and records two major δ13Ccarb excursions in its two lowermost lower-rank sequences. The basal cap carbonate interval at the base of the first sequence, deposited when the basin was connected to the ocean, hosts antithetical negative and positive excursions for δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg, respectively, resulting in Δ13C values lower than 25‰. From the top of the basal sequence upwards, an extremely positive δ13Ccarb excursion is coupled to δ13Corg, reaching values of þ14‰ and 14‰, respectively. This positive excursion represents a remarkable basin-wide carbon isotope feature of the Bambuí Group that occurs with only minor changes in Δ13C values, suggesting change in the DIC isotope composition. We argue that this regional isotopic excursion is related to a disconnection between the intrabasinal and the global carbon cycles. This extreme carbon isotope excursion may have been a product of a disequilibria between the basin DIC and atmospheric CO2 induced by an active methanogenesis, favored by the basin restriction. The drawdown of sulfate reservoir by microbial sulfate reduction in a poorly ventilated and dominantly anoxic basin would have triggered methanogenesis and ultimately methane escape to the atmosphere, resulting in a13C-enriched DIC influenced by methanogenic CO2. Isolated basins in the interior of the Gondwana supercontinent may have represented a significant source of methane inputs to the atmosphere, potentially affecting both the global carbon cycle and the climate.Item A large epeiric methanogenic Bambuí sea in the core of Gondwana supercontinent?(2021) Caetano Filho, Sergio; Sansjofre, Pierre; Ader, Magali; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira daCarbon isotope compositions of both sedimentary carbonate and organic matter can be used as key proxies of the global carbon cycle and of its evolution through time, as long as they are acquired from waters where the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is in isotope equilibrium with the atmospheric CO2. However, in shallow water platforms and epeiric settings, the influence of local to regional parameters on carbon cycling may lead to DIC isotope variations unrelated to the global carbon cycle. This may be especially true for the terminal Neoproterozoic, when Gondwana assembly isolated waters masses from the global ocean, and extreme positive and negative carbon isotope excursions are recorded, potentially decoupled from global signals. To improve our understanding on the type of information recorded by these excursions, we investigate the paired δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg evolution for an increasingly restricted late Ediacaran-Cambrian foreland system in the West Gondwana interior: the basal Bambuí Group. This succession represents a 1st-order sedimentary sequence and records two major δ13Ccarb excursions in its two lowermost lower-rank sequences. The basal cap carbonate interval at the base of the first sequence, deposited when the basin was connected to the ocean, hosts antithetical negative and positive excursions for δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg, respectively, resulting in Δ13C values lower than 25‰. From the top of the basal sequence upwards, an extremely positive δ13Ccarb excursion is coupled to δ13Corg, reaching values of þ14‰ and 14‰, respectively. This positive excursion represents a remarkable basin-wide carbon isotope feature of the Bambuí Group that occurs with only minor changes in Δ13C values, suggesting change in the DIC isotope composition. We argue that this regional isotopic excursion is related to a disconnection between the intrabasinal and the global carbon cycles. This extreme carbon isotope excursion may have been a product of a disequilibria between the basin DIC and atmospheric CO2 induced by an active methanogenesis, favored by the basin restriction. The drawdown of sulfate reservoir by microbial sulfate reduction in a poorly ventilated and dominantly anoxic basin would have triggered methanogenesis and ultimately methane escape to the atmosphere, resulting in a13C-enriched DIC influenced by methanogenic CO2. Isolated basins in the interior of the Gondwana supercontinent may have represented a significant source.Item Sequence stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of an Ediacaran-Cambrian foreland-related carbonate ramp (Bambuí Group, Brazil).(2019) Caetano Filho, Sergio; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Peloso, Marília; Amorim, Kamilla Borges; Afonso, Jhon Willy Lopes; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira daIn the terminal Neoproterozoic, drastic climate changes associated with biological innovations are coupled to isotope and elemental geochemical anomalies. However, lateral variability and local depositional controls may affect global geochemical signals, which can only be tracked through a proper stratigraphic/paleogeographic assessment. Here, we investigate the sequence stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of the basal units of the Bambuí Group, central-east Brazil. This stratigraphic unit records a foreland basin system developed during the Ediacaran-Cambrian West Gondwana assembly and represents a 1st-order sequence, in which the two lowermost 2nd-order sequences record major geochemical disturbances. The first 2nd-order sequence started with the deposition of a transgresive systems tract, possibly in a postglacial scenario, which accompanies a negative-topositive δ13Ccarb excursion. The early highstand systems tract represents the establishment of a marine carbonate ramp throughout the basin. In terms of chemostratigraphy, it corresponds to a δ13Ccarb plateau close to 0‰ and Sr/Ca ratios around 0.001. The late highstand stage coincides with a remarkable increase in Sr content and Sr/Ca ratios at basinal scale. Occurrences of the Cloudina sp. late Ediacaran index fossil were reported in this stage. An erosional unconformity associated with a dolomitic interval, locally including subaerial exposure features, marks the top of the first 2nd-order sequence. This sequence boundary heralds an abrupt increase in δ13Ccarb values, up to +14‰. These extremely high δ13Ccarb values and high Sr/Ca ratios persist throughout the overlying sequence, as a result of progressive and enhanced restriction of the foreland basin system. Basin restriction at this stage has implications for the paleontological and chemostratigraphic record of epicontinental basins of the West Gondwana in the terminal Ediacaran. Late Ediacaran Sr-rich intervals in these basins show unusually nonradiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios, which may represent local depositional controls and deviations from the modern oceanographic models. Physiographic barriers and stressful conditions likely represented extreme environments for metazoan colonization.Item Carbon isotopes of Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic sequences from Southern São Francisco craton and Araçuaí Belt, Brazil : paleographic implications.(2004) Santos, Roberto Ventura; Alvarenga, Carlos Josá Souza de; Babinski, Marly; Ramo, Maria Luiza S.; Cukrov, Neven; Fonseca, Marco Antônio; Sial, Alcides da Nóbrega; Dardenne, Marcel Auguste; Noce, Carlos MaurícioThis paper addresses the carbon isotope variations observed on Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic carbonates from the southeastern part of the Sa˜o Francisco craton and Arac¸uaı´ Belt, Brazil. Carbonates were collected across sections of the Mesoproterozoic Espinhac¸o Supergroup (Rio Pardo Grande Formation) and of the Neoproterozoic units of the Sa˜o Francisco basin, including: (i) dolomites and marls of the Macau´bas Group (Domingas Formation); (ii) dolomite pebbles and carbonatic matrix of the diamictites of the Jequitaı´ Formation; (iii) limestones of the overlying Bambuı´ Group. Limestones of the Espinhac¸o Supergroup present a flat trend of positive d13CPDB values (varying betweenC1 andC2‰), while samples of the Macau´bas Group present an upward trend of decreasing carbon isotopic values (fromC0.7 toK4.0‰). The lower d13CPDB values of this latter unit were obtained on the upper part of the section. Dolostone pebbles and carbonates in the matrix of the diamictite also present negative d13CPDB values (K3.1 and K0.6‰). Except for carbonatic pelites placed above the diamictites, that present d13CPDB of C7.7‰, limestone samples of all the sections of the Bambuı´ Group have d13CPDB values above C8‰. The data presented here reveal significant differences between carbonates from the Espinhac¸o and Macau´bas Groups, indicating that this latter unit may be correlated with the diamictites from the Jequitaı´ Formation, as already suggested by previous stratigraphic studies. The data also reveal the absence of the low positive d13CPDB carbonates (belowC3‰) frequently present at the base of the Bambuı´ Group, thus suggesting that the deposition of this unit in the Serra do Cabral and Jequitaı´ areas took place after the regional positive d13CPDB excursion observed in other parts of the basin. Hence, it is proposed that these areas were paleo-highs during the deposition of the lower portion of the Bambuı´ Group sediments.