EM - Escola de Minas

URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6

Notícias

A Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto foi fundada pelo cientista Claude Henri Gorceix e inaugurada em 12 de outubro de 1876.

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Resultados da Pesquisa

Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9

Unravelling the protracted U-Pb zircon geochronological record of high to ultrahigh temperature metamorphic rocks : Implications for provenance investigations.
(2023) Tedeschi, Mahyra; Vieira, Pedro Leonardo Rossi; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Ribeiro, Bruno Vieira; Barrote, Vitor Rodrigues; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Stutenbecker, Laura; Lana, Cristiano de Carvalho; Soares, Antônio Carlos Pedrosa; Dussin, Ivo Antonio
The assessment of detrital zircon age records is a key method in basin analysis, but it is prone to several biases that may compromise accurate sedimentary provenance investigations. High to ultrahigh temperature (HT-UHT) metamorphism (especially if T > 850 °C) is herein presented as a natural cause of bias in provenance studies based on U-Pb detrital zircon ages, since zircon from rocks submitted to these extreme and often prolonged conditions frequently yield protracted, apparently concordant, geochronological records. Such age spreading can result from disturbance of the primary U-Pb zircon system, likewise from (re)crystallization processes during multiple and/or prolonged metamorphic events. In this contribution, available geochronological data on Archean, Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic HT-UHT metamorphic rocks, acquired by different techniques (SIMS and LA-ICP-MS) and showing distinct compositions, are reassessed to demonstrate HT-UHT metamorphism may result in modes and age distributions of unclear geological meaning. As a consequence, it may induce misinterpretations on U-Pb detrital zircon provenance analyses, particularly in sedimentary rocks metamorphosed under such extreme temperature conditions. To evaluate the presence of HT-UHT metamorphism-related bias in the detrital zircon record, we suggest a workflow for data acquisition and interpretation, combining a multi-proxy approach with: (i) in situ U-Pb dating coupled with Hf analyses to retrieve the isotopic composition of the sources, and (ii) the integration of a petrochronological investigation to typify fingerprints of the HT-UHT metamorphic event. The proposed workflow is validated in the investigation of one theoretical and one natural example allowing a better characterization of the sedimentary sources, maximum depositional ages, and the tectonic setting of the basin. Our workflow allows to the appraisal of biases imposed by HT-UHT metamorphism and resulting disturbances in the U-Pb detrital zircon record, particularly for sedimentary rocks that underwent HT-UHT metamorphism and, finally, suggests ways to overcome these issues.
Tectonically-induced strontium isotope changes in ancient restricted seas : the case of the Ediacaran-Cambrian Bambuí foreland basin system, east Brazil.
(2021) Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Caetano Filho, Sergio; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira da
The Bambuí Group is a marine sedimentary record of an intracratonic foreland basin developed at the terminal Ediacaran and early Cambrian during the assembly of West Gondwana. Here we present a basin-scale high- resolution Sr isotope stratigraphy for the basal Bambuí Group, aiming to understand the spatial and temporal var- iations of the 87Sr/86Sr ratios and to explore the controls over the Sr isotope system in intracontinental marine environments. Assessment of the stratigraphic evolution of both Sr concentrations and Sr isotopes shows a major increase in Sr/Ca ratios (up to 0.004) and a decrease in the 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.7086 to 0.7076 in the high stand system tract of the basal 2nd-order sequence. These changes precede a large positive δ13C excursion typically found across the basin in the middle Bambuí Group. The high variability of both 87Sr/86Sr and Sr/Ca ra- tios was not caused by globally uniform changes in isotopic compositions of seawater, but rather likely reflect marine restriction and paleogeographic changes of the depositional environments at basin scale. This would re- sult from the tectonic uplift of Neoproterozoic orogenic belts around the São Francisco craton, which generated an isolated foreland marine basin. Compared to the global ocean, such a smaller intracontinental reservoir would be more sensitive to the Sr isotope composition from the different rock sources. We suggest that changes on the balance between carbonate production and accommodation associated with tectonically-related flexural subsi- dence progressively modified the continental drainage patterns, sedimentary sources and the chemical weathering regimes, altering the strontium influxes and isotopic compositions of the seawater in the early Bambuí basin cycle. Similar anomalies in the strontium isotope record are also recorded in coeval marine basins across West Gondwana and suggest that tectonics might have played an important role on seawater chemistry at the Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic transition.
Towards an integrated tectonic model for the interaction between the Bambuí basin and the adjoining orogenic belts : evidences from the detrital zircon record of syn-orogenic units.
(2020) Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Soares, Antônio Carlos Pedrosa; Babinski, Marly; Reis, Humberto Luís Siqueira; Atman, Dora; Costa, Ricardo Diniz da
The Sao ̃ Francisco craton and its surrounding orogens are some of the most important tectonic elements of South America, and key regions to understanding the assembly of Western Gondwana in the Proterozoic-Palaeozoic transition. During this major tectonic event, diachronic collisions between small continents developed an intricated orogenic system, where several orogens evolved in unique paths through time and space. In such collisional settings, there are some tectonic processes that promote subsidence, thus controlling the formation of orogenic-related sedimentary basins. Furthermore, the tectonic activity in collisional orogens generates dynamic landscapes that usually favor increased erosion and sediment generation to feed these basins, making them key places to seek for clues about the tectonic evolution of their surroundings. On the S ̃ ao Francisco craton, the Bambuí Group records a complex foreland system, which evolved in response to the lithospheric overload exerted by the uplift of both Brasília belt and Araçuaí orogen. In turn, both Salinas Formation and Ibia ́ Group comprise orogenic deposits resting within the Araçuaí orogen and Brasília belt, respectively, whose tectonic significance is still under debate. Here we present new U–Pb (LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP) and Lu–Hf isotopic an- alyses on a great amount of detrital zircon grains extracted from the rocks of the Bambuí Group and Salinas Formation, together with a thorough data compilation from the literature. The two units present similar prov- enance patterns, sharing the major detrital zircon age peaks (550–650 Ma, 950–1050 Ma, 1750–2000 Ma, 2600–2800 Ma) and maximum depositional age in c. 550 Ma. The Ediacaran zircons recovered from the Bambuí Group show a wide range of the εHf(t), ranging from c. − 17 to +15, which suggest the existence of multiple late Neoproterozoic sources, some of them juvenile and some with a long crustal residence. The variation in detrital zircon age patterns and εHf(t) values from different units within the Bambuí Group provided additional clues of provenance changes occurred during the evolution of the basin. The new data obtained for the Salinas Formation constrain its deposition between 548 and 500 Ma, which have an important implication on its tectonic signifi- cance. We propose that in both Brasília belt and Araçuaí orogen sides, the early foredeep deposits of the Bambuí basin should have been incorporated to the orogenic domains, which could explain the apparent lack of deposits recording the climax of the Brasilia belt uplift (c. 630 Ma) within the cratonic area. In this same direction, we consider that both Salinas Formation and Ibi ́ a Group could represent remnants of these early foreland deposits related to the uplift of Brasília belt and Araçuaí orogen, respectively, incorporated to the orogenic wedges due to the advance of the deformational fronts. Therefore, what we know as Bambuí Group is in fact the remaining record of an advanced stage of the foreland system, when subsidence was already influenced by the two evolving orogens. Altogether, the analyses of the stratigraphic, structural and geochronological data converge towards an integrated tectonic model for the interaction between the Bambuí basin and the surrounding orogens during West Gondwana amalgamation.
A large epeiric methanogenic Bambuí sea in the core of Gondwana supercontinent?
(2021) Caetano Filho, Sergio; Sansjofre, Pierre; Ader, Magali; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira da
Carbon isotope compositions of both sedimentary carbonate and organic matter can be used as key proxies of the global carbon cycle and of its evolution through time, as long as they are acquired from waters where the dis- solved inorganic carbon (DIC) is in isotope equilibrium with the atmospheric CO2. However, in shallow water platforms and epeiric settings, the influence of local to regional parameters on carbon cycling may lead to DIC isotope variations unrelated to the global carbon cycle. This may be especially true for the terminal Neo- proterozoic, when Gondwana assembly isolated waters masses from the global ocean, and extreme positive and negative carbon isotope excursions are recorded, potentially decoupled from global signals. To improve our understanding on the type of information recorded by these excursions, we investigate the paired δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg evolution for an increasingly restricted late Ediacaran-Cambrian foreland system in the West Gondwana interior: the basal Bambuí Group. This succession represents a 1st-order sedimentary sequence and records two major δ13Ccarb excursions in its two lowermost lower-rank sequences. The basal cap carbonate interval at the base of the first sequence, deposited when the basin was connected to the ocean, hosts antithetical negative and positive excursions for δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg, respectively, resulting in Δ13C values lower than 25‰. From the top of the basal sequence upwards, an extremely positive δ13Ccarb excursion is coupled to δ13Corg, reaching values of þ14‰ and 14‰, respectively. This positive excursion represents a remarkable basin-wide carbon isotope feature of the Bambuí Group that occurs with only minor changes in Δ13C values, suggesting change in the DIC isotope composition. We argue that this regional isotopic excursion is related to a disconnection between the intrabasinal and the global carbon cycles. This extreme carbon isotope excursion may have been a product of a disequilibria between the basin DIC and atmospheric CO2 induced by an active methanogenesis, favored by the basin restriction. The drawdown of sulfate reservoir by microbial sulfate reduction in a poorly ventilated and dominantly anoxic basin would have triggered methanogenesis and ultimately methane escape to the atmosphere, resulting in a13C-enriched DIC influenced by methanogenic CO2. Isolated basins in the interior of the Gondwana supercontinent may have represented a significant source of methane inputs to the atmosphere, potentially affecting both the global carbon cycle and the climate.
A large epeiric methanogenic Bambuí sea in the core of Gondwana supercontinent?
(2021) Caetano Filho, Sergio; Sansjofre, Pierre; Ader, Magali; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira da
Carbon isotope compositions of both sedimentary carbonate and organic matter can be used as key proxies of the global carbon cycle and of its evolution through time, as long as they are acquired from waters where the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is in isotope equilibrium with the atmospheric CO2. However, in shallow water platforms and epeiric settings, the influence of local to regional parameters on carbon cycling may lead to DIC isotope variations unrelated to the global carbon cycle. This may be especially true for the terminal Neoproterozoic, when Gondwana assembly isolated waters masses from the global ocean, and extreme positive and negative carbon isotope excursions are recorded, potentially decoupled from global signals. To improve our understanding on the type of information recorded by these excursions, we investigate the paired δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg evolution for an increasingly restricted late Ediacaran-Cambrian foreland system in the West Gondwana interior: the basal Bambuí Group. This succession represents a 1st-order sedimentary sequence and records two major δ13Ccarb excursions in its two lowermost lower-rank sequences. The basal cap carbonate interval at the base of the first sequence, deposited when the basin was connected to the ocean, hosts antithetical negative and positive excursions for δ13Ccarb and δ13Corg, respectively, resulting in Δ13C values lower than 25‰. From the top of the basal sequence upwards, an extremely positive δ13Ccarb excursion is coupled to δ13Corg, reaching values of þ14‰ and 14‰, respectively. This positive excursion represents a remarkable basin-wide carbon isotope feature of the Bambuí Group that occurs with only minor changes in Δ13C values, suggesting change in the DIC isotope composition. We argue that this regional isotopic excursion is related to a disconnection between the intrabasinal and the global carbon cycles. This extreme carbon isotope excursion may have been a product of a disequilibria between the basin DIC and atmospheric CO2 induced by an active methanogenesis, favored by the basin restriction. The drawdown of sulfate reservoir by microbial sulfate reduction in a poorly ventilated and dominantly anoxic basin would have triggered methanogenesis and ultimately methane escape to the atmosphere, resulting in a13C-enriched DIC influenced by methanogenic CO2. Isolated basins in the interior of the Gondwana supercontinent may have represented a significant source.
Geochemistry and U–Pb zircon ages of the metamafic-ultramafic rocks of the Riacho dos Machados metavolcanosedimentary sequence : evidence of a late rhyacian back-arc basin during the assembly of São Francisco-Congo paleocontinent.
(2021) Leal, Victor Luiz Silva; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Barbuena, Danilo; Queiroga, Gláucia Nascimento; Pinheiro, Marco Aurélio Piacentini; Freimann, Marcelo de Almeida
The São Francisco paleocontinent comprises Archean nuclei and Paleoproterozoic magmatic arcs which were amalgamated during Siderian to Orosirian thermal-tectonic events (ca. 2.4–2.0 Ga). Located in the Porteirinha domain, one of these Archean segments, the Riacho dos Machados metavolcanosedimentary sequence encompasses metamafites and metaultramafites intercalated with metasedimentary rocks. The metamafites clustered in the Type I category are tholeiitic, present MORB-like affinities and flat REE patterns with enrichment in La, Rb, and Cs. The metamafites from Type II are calc-alkaline, showing arc signatures with enrichment in LILE (Cs, Ba, U, Rb, K) and LREE, and depletion in the HFSE. The associated metaultramafites were classified as high-Mg ultramafic rocks similar to Barberton-Type komatiites, with enrichment in LILE and LREE, Al2O3/TiO2< 16 and Gd/Yb(N) > 1. U–Pb (LA–SF–ICP-MS) zircon analyses were carried out on the Type II hornblendite, unraveling a concordant crystallization age of 2071 ± 9 Ma. Inherited zircons yield a discordant age of 2922 ± 22 Ma and a lower intercept at 473 ± 48 Ma. The hybrid magmatism of the studied metamafites coupled with the inherited zircon grains, indicate that this metavolcanosedimentary sequence was developed in an intracontinental back-arc basin. The rocks from Type I have been originated from MORB-like source with a slightly input of subduction-derived fluids. In its turn, Type II samples represent melts more influenced by the fluids from the dehydrated slab. This assumption implies that the São Francisco paleocontinent, in the region of the Porteirinha block and surroundings, were under an accretionary stage at the late Rhyacian. During this orogenic process the metamorphic PT conditions reached lower-amphibolite facies. Moreover, this thermaltectonic event in likely responsible for the auriferous fluid percolation of the Riacho dos Machados Gold Mine.
Rare earth elements in the terminal Ediacaran Bambuí Group carbonate rocks (Brazil) : evidence for high seawater alkalinity during rise of early animals.
(2020) Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Caetano Filho, Sergio; Enzweiler, Jacinta; Navarro, Margareth Sugano; Babinski, Marly; Guacaneme, Cristian; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira da
Rare earth elements plus yttrium (REY) mass fractions of ancient carbonate rocks are used to track changes in chemistry of past seawater. Here we investigate REY patterns in two carbonate sections from the Ediacaran Bambuí Group, São Francisco Basin (Brazil), which comprise its two lowermost transgressive-regressive secondorder sedimentary sequences. Shale normalised distributions vary with the sequence stratigraphy framework. In the basal 2nd-order sequence, carbonate samples from the basal sequence transgressive systems tract display light REY (LREY) distributions slightly depleted to enriched that reflect input of freshwater, possibly in a post glacial episode. Upwards, carbonate rocks from the early highstand systems tract (EHST) yielded LREY enriched distributions, which progressively turns into LREY shale normalized depleted distributions on samples from the late highstand systems tract (LHST). This portion of the sequence also displays Y positive anomaly in some cases. Carbonate samples from the upper second-order sequence do not display coherent patterns. Ce/Ce* values > 1 in most samples throughout the two sections suggest permanent anoxia of seawater. The REY change from the EHST to LHST in the basal sequence marks an important paleoenvironmental overturn in the basin, with increasing alkalinity in seawater driving REY fractionation and LREY depletion. Confinement of the basin in the inner areas of West Gondwana due the uplift of marginal neoproterozoic orogens probably changed the weathering style of source areas to more congruent, thus delivering a higher ionic influx to a restricted setting, increasing alkalinity during LHST. Cloudina sp. fragments were reported in this stage of the Bambuí Group and in carbonate rocks with high Sr mass fractions in other West Gondwana basins, supporting the hypothesis that the high alkalinity of seawater during late Ediacaran may have driven the appearance of the first biomineralizing organisms.
Sequence stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of an Ediacaran-Cambrian foreland-related carbonate ramp (Bambuí Group, Brazil).
(2019) Caetano Filho, Sergio; Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula; Guacaneme, Cristian; Babinski, Marly; Bedoya Rueda, Carolina; Peloso, Marília; Amorim, Kamilla Borges; Afonso, Jhon Willy Lopes; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Trindade, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira da
In the terminal Neoproterozoic, drastic climate changes associated with biological innovations are coupled to isotope and elemental geochemical anomalies. However, lateral variability and local depositional controls may affect global geochemical signals, which can only be tracked through a proper stratigraphic/paleogeographic assessment. Here, we investigate the sequence stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of the basal units of the Bambuí Group, central-east Brazil. This stratigraphic unit records a foreland basin system developed during the Ediacaran-Cambrian West Gondwana assembly and represents a 1st-order sequence, in which the two lowermost 2nd-order sequences record major geochemical disturbances. The first 2nd-order sequence started with the deposition of a transgresive systems tract, possibly in a postglacial scenario, which accompanies a negative-topositive δ13Ccarb excursion. The early highstand systems tract represents the establishment of a marine carbonate ramp throughout the basin. In terms of chemostratigraphy, it corresponds to a δ13Ccarb plateau close to 0‰ and Sr/Ca ratios around 0.001. The late highstand stage coincides with a remarkable increase in Sr content and Sr/Ca ratios at basinal scale. Occurrences of the Cloudina sp. late Ediacaran index fossil were reported in this stage. An erosional unconformity associated with a dolomitic interval, locally including subaerial exposure features, marks the top of the first 2nd-order sequence. This sequence boundary heralds an abrupt increase in δ13Ccarb values, up to +14‰. These extremely high δ13Ccarb values and high Sr/Ca ratios persist throughout the overlying sequence, as a result of progressive and enhanced restriction of the foreland basin system. Basin restriction at this stage has implications for the paleontological and chemostratigraphic record of epicontinental basins of the West Gondwana in the terminal Ediacaran. Late Ediacaran Sr-rich intervals in these basins show unusually nonradiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios, which may represent local depositional controls and deviations from the modern oceanographic models. Physiographic barriers and stressful conditions likely represented extreme environments for metazoan colonization.
Microbialitos fósseis da formação Jaíba, grupo Bambuí, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
(2018) Sanchez, Evelyn Aparecida Mecenero; Vieira, Thaís A.; Reis, Humberto Luis Siqueira; Amaral, Matheus Henrique Kuchenbecker do
Microbialites are carbonatic deposits, whose genesis is organosedimentary, deposited by benthic microbial mats. Microbialites are the most common fossils in rocks of the Proterozoic, worldwide and in Brazil. They exhibit morphological diversity since the oldest Archean forms, and are fundamental in studies concerning the biota and environmental aspects of past times, allowing better comprehension of biological and carbonate biosedimentary evolution through time. Microbial laminites and thrombolites of the Jaíba Formation, upper Bambuí Group, are described. Thrombolites show columnar and irregular shape, centimetric size, and are locally coalescent. Laminites, overlying the thrombolitic strata, display smooth, wavy, and crenulate synoptic relief. Five microfabrics and microfossils of two distinct morphologies, coccoidal and filamentous, were identified. Microfabrics may be of biogenic or abiogenic origin, representing different processes involved in the formation of microbialites. Thus, microbialites and microfossils of the Jaíba Formation show potential to better understand the producer biota in the context of the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition, probable age of this unit, and an important moment of profound changes in biosphere, due to the diversification of metazoans.

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