DEGEO - Departamento de Geologia

URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/8

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2013 - 20202

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Autor: search.filters.author.Varajão, César Augusto ChicarinoAssunto: search.filters.subject.Micromorphology

Resultados da Pesquisa

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    The Cenozoic deposits of the ancient landscapes of Quadrilátero Ferrífero highlands, Southeastern Brazil : sedimentation, pedogenesis and landscape evolution.
    (2020) Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Mateus, Ana Carolina Campos; Santos, Maria do Carmo; Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Oliveira, Fabio Soares; Yvon, Jacques
    The Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QF), Southeastern Brazil, is a very important tropical highland region in the world’s geological context for its large and diverse Archean and Proterozoic rocks with great reserves of gold, iron, manganese, aluminum and industrial rocks, on a apparently stable geological structure. There, Cenozoic deposits perched on highland valleys show unclear genetic relationships with the underlying bedrock, with no apparent regional correlation. We studied five representative Cenozoic deposits (BR356, Água Limpa, Padre Domingos, Pau Branco and Casa de Pedra) on the highlands of the Serra da Moeda syncline, Western QF, to answer the question of their sedimentological origin, and investigate their pedological evolution. Field sampling was complemented by macromorphological, mineralogical and micromorphological analysis supported by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared analysis (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micropobre and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The evolution of these isolated highland de- posits comprises a deep-weathered source area, a tectonic activity, besides sedimentological and pedological processes, during and after the deposition. The deposits overlie deep saprolites of Precambrian rocks (Piracicaba and Itabira Groups), representing unconformable contact. The onset of the deposition was marked by torrential, coarse colluvial and large blocks landslides into the small basins generated by reactivating tectonic events during the Oligocene, producing local grabens. These tectonic basins were filled by cohesive debris and mudflow from the adjacent and previously laterized cover, developed under the hot and humid climate in the Eocene. The cover reveals an upside-down lateritic profile where morphology and kaolinite crystal properties (values of size of coherent scattering thickness ranging from 135 Å to 162 Å) in the bottom is related to the pedolith horizons of the former lateritic cover. Later, due to climate changes (during and after the Miocene), renewed weathering on these pre-weathered sediments occurred, characterized by alternating ferruginization and Fe-losses, with the superimposed generation of new pedogenic features such as nodules, ferruginous duricrusts and mottling (redox features). In addition to demonstrating that the Brazilian platform was not stable during the Cenozoic, these deposits reveal the role of polygenetic tropical pedological processes in their formation and transformation.
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    Mineralogical, micromorphological and geochemical evolution of the facies from the bauxite deposit of Barro Alto, Central Brazil.
    (2013) Oliveira, Fábio Soares de; Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Boulangé, Bruno; Soares, Caroline Cibele Vieira
    The hydrolytic alteration of anorthosite fromthe Barro Alto StratiformMafic–Ultramafic Complex (Central Brazil) caused the formation of an isalteritic bauxite. Petrological studies using X-ray diffraction (XRD),X-ray fluorescence (XRF), mass balance calculation and micromorphological description via optical microscopy were undertaken to understand the evolution of the bauxitic massif. The results suggest the transformation of the isalteritic bauxite (F1) into varied alteration facies and their filiations as follows: the formation of semi-compact massive bauxite (F2) and compact massive bauxite (F3) by the recrystallisation of gibbsite filing voids, resulting in enriched absolute aluminium (9 and 25%, respectively); the formation of laminar bauxite (F4) and fragmentary bauxite (F5), which is associated with different types of fragmented massive duricrust, such as those formed by mechanical (root activity, tectonics, etc.) and geochemical (dissolution of gibbsite, kaolinite neoformation, etc.) processes; the formation of palaeopediment bauxite (F6); the formation of degraded clay with gibbsitic nodules (F7), which is associated with the resilicification process by the oscillation of the water table caused by changes in the shapes of slopes and the cycling of silica by vegetation. Isalteritic clay (F8) facies directly derived fromthe anorthosite are also found. The relationship between the facies reflects the polygenetic evolution of the bauxitic massif.