DEGEO - Departamento de Geologia
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/8
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Item Genesis of soils from bauxite in southeastern Brazil : resilication as a soil-forming process.(2017) Mateus, Ana Carolina Campos; Oliveira, Fábio Soares de; Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Soares, Caroline Cibele VieiraPedological studies using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) showed a Xanthic Ferralsol formed from the degradation of bauxite on a slope in the Caparaó region, in southeastern Brazil. We found a decrease in the number and size of bauxite fragments toward the top of the profiles, bauxite fragments that were more degraded at the top of the profiles, transformation of gibbsite into kaolinite, and absolute enrichment in silicon in the mass balance. These indicators suggest that resilication could be the major process responsible for formation of the soil; detailed studies are needed to verify the origin of the silica. The reintroduction of silica into the system occurs by the biogeochemical cycling of vegetation and, in some cases, water table fluctuations, highlighting the role of resilication as a soil-forming process in bauxite-derived soils.Item Phytoliths as indicators of pedogenesis and paleoenvironmental changes in the Brazilian cerrado.(2006) Roschel, Miriam Borba; Alexandre, Anne; Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Meunier, Jean Dominique; Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Colin, FabriceThis paper presents the preliminary results of phytolith analyses of a peat located in the cerrado of the Uberaba municipality, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The phytolith soil sequence is discussed by comparison with phytolith assemblages extracted from dominant plants (Cyperaceae and Poaceae). Increasing mean age of phytolith assemblages with depth is assumed. Poaceae Cuneiform bulliform cell, Parallelepiped bulliform cell and Elongate smooth long cell types dominate up to 80 cm, rapidly drop to 42% at 80 cm and regularly decrease from 42% to 2% upwards. Cyperaceae Rondel concave type shows the inverse trend, being dominant in the upper part of the profile. This pattern can be assigned to increasing selective dissolution of the Cyperaceae phytolith type with depth, or/and to a decrease of water stress suffered by the grasses, leading to a decrease of bulliform cell silicification. Soil processes and paleo-environmental changes hypotheses are discussed.