DEGEO - Departamento de Geologia
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/8
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Item Environmental factors related to the production of a complex set of spicules in a tropical freshwater sponge.(2015) Matteuzzo, Marcela Camargo; Ribeiro, Cecília Volkmer; Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Alexandre, Anne; Guadagnin, Demetrio L.Adverse natural conditions will, generally, induce gemmulation in freshwater sponges. Because of this environmental dependence, gemmoscleres are given exceptional value in taxonomic, ecological and paleoenvironmental studies. Other spicules categories such as microscleres and beta megascleres have received little attention with regard to their occurrence and function during the sponge biological cycle. Metania spinata, a South American species common to bog waters in the Cerrado biome, produces alpha and beta megascleres, microscleres and gemmoscleres. To detect the environmental factors triggering the production of all these kinds of spicules, the species annual seasonal cycle was studied. Artificial substrates were devised, supplied with gemmules and placed in Lagoa Verde pond which contained a natural population of M. spinata. Field monitoring was conducted for eight months in order to observe the growth of sponges and spicules formation. Samples of water were taken monthly for physical and chemical parameters determination. The appearance of the alpha megascleres was sequentially followed by that of microscleres, gemmoscleres and beta megascleres. The first ones built the new sponge skeleton, the last three were involved in keeping inner moisture in the sponge body or its gemmules. The water level, temperature and the silicon (Si) concentration in the pond were the most important factors related to this sequential production of spicules, confirming environmental reconstructions based on the presence or absence of alpha megascleres and gemmoscleres in past sediments.Item Domínios geomorfológicos na área de ocorrência dos depósitos de espongilito da região de João Pinheiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil.(2011) Almeida, Ariana Cristina Santos; Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Gomes, Newton Souza; Ribeiro, Cecília VolkmerImportantes processos erosivos após o Cretáceo foram responsáveis pela evolução da paisagem na região de João Pinheiro, onde ocorrem os depósitos de espongilito. O avanço desses processos, aliados às rochas carbonáticas do substrato, permitiu o desenvolvimento de feições cársticas negativas, onde foram instaladas as lagoas formadoras dos depósitos de espongilito. Com base no tratamento de imagens de satélite aliado a trabalhos de campo, quatro morfodomínios geomorfológicos foram identificados na área: i) morfodomínio 1, representado por platôs associados aos arenitos do Grupo Areado, apresenta as maiores altitudes da área; ii) morfodomínio 2, que constitui uma área dissecada relacionada aos pelitos do Grupo Areado; iii) morfodomínio 3, representado por superfícies de erosão associadas às rochas do Grupo Bambui e Pré-Bambuí, sendo sobrepostas por sedimentos terciários/quaternários, onde se encontram as lagoas; iv) morfodomínio 4, constitui vales em calha que contêm as principais drenagens da região (rios da Prata e Paracatu) segundo um padrão meandrante, com feição geomorfológica fluvial de rios underfit. Esses vales cortam a superfície de aplainamento (morfodomínio 3) que contêm sedimentos pleistocênicos, caracterizando o morfodomínio mais recente.Item Characterization and origin of spongillite-hosting sediment from João Pinheiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.(2010) Almeida, Ariana Cristina Santos; Gomes, Newton Souza; Varajão, Angélica Fortes Drummond Chicarino; Varajão, César Augusto Chicarino; Ribeiro, Cecília VolkmerSpongillite from João Pinheiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil is mainly known for its use in brick production and in the refractory industry. Very few studies have focused on its geological context. Spongillite-rich deposits occur in shallow ponds on a karstic planation surface developed on rocks of the Neoproterozoic São Francisco Supergroup. Cenozoic siliciclastic sediments are related to this surface. A field study of these deposits and analysis of multispectral images showed a SE–NW preferential drainage system at SE, suggesting that Mesozoic Areado Group sandstones were the source area of the spongillite-hosting sediments. Mineralogical and textural characterization by optical microscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential and gravimetric thermal analysis (DTA-GTA), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of seven open-pit spongillite-rich deposits (Avião, Carvoeiro, Vânio, Preguiça, Divisa, Severino, Feijão) showed a sedimentological similarity between the deposits. They are lens-shaped and are characterized at the bottom by sand facies, in the middle by spicules-rich muddy-sand facies and at the top by organic matter-rich muddy-sand facies. Petrographically, the spongillite-hosting sediments and the siliclastic sediments of the Areado Group show detrital phases with similar mineralogical and textural features, such as the presence of well-sorted quartz grains and surface features of abrasion typical of aeolian reworking that occurred in the depositional environment in which the sandstones of the Areado Group were formed. Detrital heavy minerals, such as staurolite, zircon, tourmaline, and clay minerals, such as kaolinite, low amounts of illite, scarce chlorite and mixed-layer chlorite/smectite and illite/smectite occur in the spongillite-hosting sediments and in sandstones from the Areado Group. In both formations, staurolite has similar chemical composition. These mineralogical and textural features show that the sediments of the Areado Group constitute the main source of the pond sediments that host spongillite.