ICSA - Instituto de Ciências Sociais e Aplicadas
URI permanente desta comunidadehttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/624
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19 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Resilient regions in Brazil : unfolding the effects of covid-19 from a socioeconomic perspective.(2022) Tupy, Igor Santos; Silva, Fernanda Faria; Diniz, Gustavo Figueiredo Campolina; Montenegro, Rosa Lívia Gonçalves; Stein, Alexandre de Queiroz; Ferraz, DiogoAt the beginning of 2020, the world was left in an unprecedented state of shock by the COVID-19 pandemic. Brazil quickly became the epicenter of new cases of contam- ination, where the propagation of the virus was unrestrained, despite boasting one of the strongest Universal health coverage systems in Latin America. This paper has at least three empirical contributions to the literature about economic resilience and the COVID-19 pandemic. Firstly it is a critical issue regarding the “economics versus life” trade-off, which is an essential question for developing countries, given that policy- makers must decide between policies to reduce the number of COVID-19 infections without damaging the economy. Secondly, our findings suggest that the early adoption of isolation measures applied in 2020, such as the financial aid and the vaccination have been effective in controlling the effects of the pandemic, especially in vulnerable microregions. Furthermore, it was verified that the Emergency financial aid was a fundamental policy in minimizing the economic impacts of the pandemic and allowing people to practice social distancing, contributing positively to the Employment Re- silience Index and negatively related to the growth rate of deaths due to COVID-19. The contribution of our study is to measure an inverted U-shaped curve to dem- onstrate that policymakers must achieve a minimum of families to decrease the COVID-19 deaths. These contributions are essential and straightforward findings to lead policymakers’ decisions in developing countries facing financial constraints in the public budget and population reticence about physical distancing, self-quarantine and vaccination.Item Financial and trade globalization, greener technologies and energy transition.(2023) Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Ferraz, Diogo; Radulescu, Magdalena; Shahzadi, IrumItem The circular economy, bioeconomy, and green investments : a systematic review of the literature.(2022) Berto, Pietro Jacomini; Ferraz, Diogo; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do NascimentoPurpose – This study aims to evaluate the theoretical concept of the Bioeconomy and the Circular Economy in association with studies about green finance. Theoretical framework – Several studies pointed out that sustainable investments must replace production processes. This literature provides a favorable environment for new studies on the Circular Economy and Bioeconomy. However, the literature lacks definitions and differentiation between both concepts. Design/methodology/approach – A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was adequate to systematize the information from 345 articles, 231 relating to the Circular Economy, and 114 articles relating to the Bioeconomy. In addition, the contents of the 24 articles with the highest number of citations was reviewed. Findings – Our analysis revealed that the concepts of the Circular Economy and Bioeconomy could be similar or different. The concepts are similar due to the concern with sustainable economic development. However, the Circular Economy uses concepts that are related to the differentiation of the paradigm from a linear productive system to that of a loop. The Bioeconomy is more concerned with the use of biological resources and biotechnology. A geographic distribution of the studies can also identify the differences as well as the number of publications, citations, and methods used. However, both approaches equally show a scarcity of databases. Originality/value – Our study reveals that the Bioeconomy concept is hardly used in countries with high biodiversity, for example, countries that make up the Amazon region. On the other hand, there was a greater synergy between the Circular Economy approach and production processes in different economic sectors in developing countries.Item Investigating the spill overs and connectedness between financial globalization, high-tech industries and environmental footprints : fresh evidence in context of China.(2022) Shahzad, Umer; Ferraz, Diogo; Nguyen, Huu-Huan; Cui, LianbiaoChina faces the challenge of promoting high-tech industries and concomitantly reduces ecological footprints. This research analyzes the directional spillover impacts and connectedness for financial and trade globalization, high-tech industries, and environmental footprints of China. The authors used the data of financial globalization, trade globalization, economic complexity, middle and high-tech industrial contribution, and ecological footprint of China throughout 1996Q1 to 2019Q4. The empirics contribute to the debate on the impacts of the high technology industry, financial globalization for the environmental sustainably in the era of the digital economy. The study finds positive spillover effects from financial globalization (FGI), and economic complexity towards ecological footprints. Further, the high technology industrial contribution has a less significant impact on reducing environmental footprints. Overall, the findings are robust to the presence of structural change effects and the cleaner production objectives for China’s case. Concomitantly, the empirical findings allow us to report innovative conclusions and implications regarding the sustainable development goals (SDG-7, 10), high-industry, and environmental sustainability in China.Item Sustainable human development at the municipal level : a data envelopment analysis index.(2022) Lima, Pedro A. B.; Paião Júnior, Gilberto Dias; Santos, Thalita L.; Furlan, Marcelo; Battistelle, Rosane Aparecida Gomes; Silva, Gustavo H. R.; Ferraz, Diogo; Mariano, Enzo BarberioThe development of indexes for human development and environmental sustainability issues are an emerging topic in the current literature. However, the literature has put less emphasis on municipal indexes, which is the focus of this research. In this paper, we considered municipal environmental management as the adoption of environmental activities and the development of infrastructural and technical capacities in municipalities. This article aims to create a sustainable human development index with municipal data from the state of São Paulo in Brazil. Using informa- tion from the Municipal Human Development Index (IDHm) and the GreenBlue Municipal Program (PMVA), we applied the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique to connect human development and environmental sustainability in 645 Brazilian municipalities. Our findings show that regions with higher human development present better DEA scores on the Sustainable Human Development Index. In contrast, regions with a low or a middle level of human development do not present significant change considering both dimensions. Moreover, our findings reveal that PMVA certification has a different and statistically significant impact on the DEA score considering certified, qualified, or not qualified regions. We found similar results for urbanized and service-oriented municipalities. Our indicator is an essential and straightforward tool for regional policymakers, helping to allocate resources and to find human development and environmental sustainability benchmarks among developing regions.Item Exploring the effects of import diversification on energy efficiency : evidence from the OECD economies.(2022) Dogan, Buhari; Ferraz, Diogo; Gupta, Monika; Huynh, Toan Luu Duc; Shahzadi, IrumThis study aims to unveil the heterogeneous impacts of import product diversification and institutional factors for achieving energy efficiency in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. In doing so, the study employs robust econometric techniques such as Fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) co-integration, pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS), pool mean group regressions, fixed effects, and random effects for panel data from 1990 to 2015 for selected OECD countries. The detailed empirical outcomes suggest that import product diversification is conducive to reducing the energy and carbon intensity (improvement in energy effi- ciency) in OECD countries. The empirical conclusions provide various guidelines to achieve cleaner and greener growth and align with various Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy, SDG 9: Industry, innovation, and infrastructure, and SDG 13: Climate action) of OECD countries. The paper elaborates fruitful policy suggestions regarding the diversification of imports and energy use- carbon emission-nexus for the OECD member nations. Based on the findings, policymakers and environmental scientists should strengthen the trade-energy and import portfolio policies to attain energy efficiency.Item Energy efficiency and China's sustainable carbon neutrality target : evidence from novel research methods quantile on quantile regression approach.(2022) Bao, Zongke; Ferraz, Diogo; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do NascimentoSince the last few decades, scholars and policy-makers have been struggling to find ways to achieve carbon neutrality target or a low carbon economy. To contribute to the existing literature regarding the said issue, this study aims to investigate whether energy efficiency could lead to achieving carbon neutrality target in the case of China. Also, this study analyses the association of economic growth to energy-related greenhouse gas emissions while using quarterly data over the period from 1990Q1 to 2014Q2. Empirical findings of the study suggest the mixed order of integration and Cointegration between economic growth, energy efficiency, and energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. This study employed a Quantile-on-Quantile regression approach to examine the long-run association at various quantiles. The esti- mated results asserted that energy efficiency holds a weaker rela- tionship in the lower and medium quantiles, while relatively higher association to energy-related emission in the upper quan- tiles. On the other hand, economic growth and its squared are found significantly and highly associated with enhancing energy- related emissions in the country. Besides, the frequency domain causality indicates a causal association running from energy effi- ciency and economic growth to energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. This study recommends revised policies for energy effi- ciency and suggests that economic growth could be used as a remedial measure for environmental recovery by enhancing investment in the renewable energy sector, energy efficiency, and structural transformation of the industrial sector.Item Brazilian states in the context of COVID-19 pandemic : an index proposition using network data envelopment analysis.(2021) Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Torres, Bruno G.; Almeida, Mariana Rodrigues de; Ferraz, Diogo; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento; Mello, João Carlos Soares deThis study aims to evaluate comparatively the situation of the federal units and the Brazilian states in relation to the pandemic of new coronaviruses (COVID19) through the technique of Network Data Envelopment Analysis (Network DEA - NDEA). For the development of research, data were collected on the Ministry of Health website, for all regions that register cases of virus cases notified until April 27, 2020. The purpose of the analysis is to assess regional discrepancies in the country. The model consists of the following structure: three inputs (number of doctors, number of respirators and number of clinical beds), an intermediate variable (number of reported cases) and one output (number of deaths). The results indicated that the federative unit with the worst performance overall was Amazonas, while the worst capital was Manaus. With two-dimensional representation, managers can visualize better which locations have the worst performance and assess which locations require more assistance. Depending on the results, managers can develop regional action plans, which can take steps to prevent the collapse of the health system.Item Mechanization in sugarcane production and other agricultural activities : an econometric analysis of employment and income.(2021) Ferraz, Diogo; Oliveira, Fabíola Cristina Ribeiro de; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento; Pyka, AndreasSeveral studies argue that agricultural mechanization has reduced employment and wages. However, there is a lack of studies analyzing employment and income over time, especially comparing the agricultural activities. Our major argument is the structural change in the employment - from un-skilled to skilled workers which has to be understood because of the overall decrease in the number of jobs. This study aims to analyze the labor market evolution in sugarcane farming and other agricultural activities, from 1992 to 2015. Using the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD/IBGE), we compared sugarcane and other Brazilian crops using econometrics techniques. We analyzed the Heckman's procedure and models with fixed effects panel data, controlling the unobservable characteristics of workers. Methodologically, our equations show convergence, since the Heckman procedure and pooled regression present similar estimates. We showed that fixed- effect regression captures the same trends of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique, using the Heckman method. Our main findings suggest that the wage of sugarcane workers is higher than wages in other crops, even after we control the observable and regional characteristics. This finding is important because the sugarcane sector has faced criticism regarding the low level of employment and income due to the mechanization process. Finally, we pointed out the decrease in unskilled jobs in sugarcane, which demands for policy intervention to improve the human capital in the sugarcane sector.Item The human development index with multiple data envelopment analysis approaches : a comparative evaluation using social network analysis.(2021) Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Ferraz, Diogo; Gobbo, Simone Cristina de OliveiraThe objective of this work is to use multiple Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)/Beneft of the Doubt (BoD) approaches for the readjustment and exploitation of the Human Develop- ment Index (HDI). The HDI is the leading indicator for the vision of “development as free- dom”; it is a Composite Index, wherein three dimensions (income, health, and education), represented by four indicators, are aggregated. The DEA-BoD approaches used in this work were: the traditional BoD; the Multiplicative BoD; the Slacks Based Measure (SBM) BoD; the Range Adjusted Model (RAM) BoD; weight restrictions; common weights; and tiebreaker methods. These approaches were applied to raw and normalized HDI data from 2018, to generate 40 diferent rankings for 189 countries. The resulting indexes were ana- lyzed and compared using Social Network Analysis (SNA) and information derived from DEA itself (slacks, relative contributions, targets, relative targets and benchmarks). This paper presents useful DEA derived indexes that could be replicated in other contexts. In addition, it contributes by presenting a clearer picture of the diferences between BoD models and ofering a new way to appreciate the world’s human development panorama.