DEMSC - Artigos publicados em periódicos
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttp://www.hml.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/8508
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Item Patterns of abuse of elderly people in Brazil : analysis of notifications.(2023) Andrade, Fabiana Martins Dias de; Machado, Ísis Eloah; Freitas, Maria Imaculada de Fátima; Souza, Maria de Fátima Marinho de; Malta, Deborah CarvalhoThis study aimed to describe the characteristics of elderly people abuse notifications by gender and to assess notification patterns according to gender. We analyzed data from the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases (SINAN) in 2017. We carried out a descriptive analysis of victim characteristics, violence, and the probable perpetrator according to gender. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to assess the significance between groups. Then, we verified the main relationships between the studied characteristics and the victim’s gender by simple correspondence analysis (SCA). Thus, 17,311 cases/suspicions of elderly people abuse were notified, corresponding to 7.2% of the total number of violence notifications. Of these victims, 50.4% were white, 42.3% were married, and 17.2% had a disability/disorder; 76.9% occurred at home, 62.8% included physical violence, and 49.5% were cases of repeated violence. Most perpetrators were men (62%), and violence by two or more perpetrators was observed in 62.8% of the cases. SCA evidenced inequalities in older adults’ gender, which proved to be higher among women. Physical violence was the most common among younger and old individuals, whereas neglect/abandonment tended to occur more frequently among the oldest individuals, and was most often committed by daughters. In sum, this study demonstrated evidence of gender-based violence, especially among older adults. Disability proved to be an essential characteristic for neglect/abandonment in older adults. In this context, policies are needed to reduce gender inequalities and implement a care network for older adults who are victims of violence.Item COVID-Inconfidentes - SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in two Brazilian urban areas in the fourth quarter 2020 : study protocol and initial results.(2023) Meireles, Adriana Lúcia; Lourenção, Luciano Garcia; Menezes Junior, Luiz Antonio Alves de; Coletro, Hillary Nascimento; Justiniano, Irene Carolina Sousa; Moura, Samara Silva de; Diniz, Amanda Popolino; Sabião, Thaís da Silva; Rocha, Ana Maria Sampaio; Batista, Aline Priscila; Lage, Nara Nunes; Simões, Bárbara dos Santos; Santos, Carolina Ali; Mendonça, Raquel de Deus; Andrade, Amanda Cristina de Souza; Barbosa, Keila Furbino; Masioli, Cássio Zumerle; Carraro, Júlia Cristina Cardoso; Menezes, Mariana Carvalho de; Nascimento, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do; Roever, Leonardo; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeira; Coelho, George Luiz Lins MachadoObjective: To describe study protocol and initial results of research project COVID-Inconfidentes. Method: This paper described the methodological procedures adopted and the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population. A household survey was conducted between October and December 2020, in two historic cities of Brazil's mining region. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was detected using the Wondfo® rapid test. The face-to- face interview consisted of administration of a questionnaire containing registration data, sociodemographic and economic variables, living habits, general health condition, mental health, sleep habits, and eating and nutrition. Results: We evaluated 1,762 residents, of which 764 (43.4 %) were in Mariana and 998 (56.6 %) in Ouro Preto. For both cities, 51.9 % of the interviewees were female, with a predominance of the age range 35 to 59 years old (47.2 %). The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.5 % in both cities, 6.2 % in Ouro Preto, and 4.7 % in Mariana (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: The study was effective to estimate the seroprevalence of infection by the virus and its findings will enable further analyses of the health conditions of the population related to social isolation and the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2.Item Association between firearms and mortality in Brazil, 1990 to 2017 : a global burden of disease Brazil study.(2020) Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Soares Filho, Adauto Martins; Pinto, Isabella Vitral; Minayo, Maria Cecília de Souza; Lima, Cheila Marina de; Machado, Ísis Eloah; Teixeira, Renato Azeredo; Morais Neto, Otaliba Libânio; Ladeira, Roberto Marini; Merchan-Hamann, Edgar; Souza, Maria de Fátima Marinho de; Vasconcelos, Cíntia Honório; Vidotti, Carlos Cezar Flores; Cousin, Ewerton; Glenn, Scott; Bisignano, Catherine; Chew, Adrienne; Ribeiro, Antônio Luiz Pinho; Naghavi, MohsenBackground: Brazil leads the world in number of firearm deaths and ranks sixth by country in rate of firearm deaths per 100,000 people. This study aims to analyze trends in and burden of mortality by firearms, according to age and sex, for Brazil, and the association between these deaths and indicators of possession and carrying of weapons using data from the global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors study (GBD) 2017. Methods: We used GBD 2017 estimates of mortality due to physical violence and self-harm from firearms for Brazil to analyze the association between deaths by firearms and explanatory variables. Results: Deaths from firearms increased in Brazil from 25,819 in 1990 to 48,493 in 2017. Firearm mortality rates were higher among men and in the 20–24 age group; the rate was 20 times higher than for women in the same age group. Homicide rates increased during the study period, while mortality rates for suicides and accidental deaths decreased. The group of Brazilian federation units with the highest firearm collection rate (median = 7.5) showed reductions in the rate of total violent deaths by firearms. In contrast, the group with the lowest firearm collection rate (median = 2.0) showed an increase in firearm deaths from 2000 to 2017. An increase in the rate of voluntary return of firearms was associated with a reduction in mortality rates of unintentional firearm deaths (r = −0.364, p < 0.001). An increase in socio-demographic index (SDI) was associated with a reduction in all firearm death rates (r = −0.266, p = 0.008). An increase in the composite index of firearms seized or collected was associated with a reduction in rates of deaths by firearm in the subgroup of females, children, and the elderly (r = −0.269, p = 0.005). Conclusions: There was a change in the trend of firearms deaths after the beginning of the collection of weapons in 2004. Federation units that collected more guns have reduced rates of violent firearm deaths.Item Risk factors for mucosal manifestation of American cutaneous leishmaniasis.(2003) Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeira; Genaro, Odair; Magalhães, Paulo Araújo; Mayrink, WilsonA case-comparison study was carried out to identify risk factors for mucosal manifestations of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in southeast Brazil, using a series of 2820 patients, diagnosed with ACL between 1966 and 1999. The significant factors independently associated with mucosal leishmaniasis were: gender, age, nutritional status and length of disease. Mucosal leishmaniasis occurred 1.7 times more frequently among males than females; twice as often in individuals older than 22 years compared with the younger group; almost four times as often in individuals with severe malnutrition compared with those who were well nourished; and almost four times more frequently in individuals reporting the disease for more than 4 months compared with those reporting a shorter duration of the disease. Among individuals older than 22 years the risk of mucosal leishmaniasis increased significantly (from 1.9 to 9.6) as the nutritional status decreased, when compared with younger and well-nourished patients. The characteristics herein described and correlated with severe forms could be used as diagnostic markers as part of clinical screening in areas endemic for ACL.Item Rickettsial diseases in Brazil and Portugal : occurrence, distribution and diagnosis.(2005) Galvão, Márcio Antônio Moreira; Silva, Luiz Jacintho da; Nascimento, Elvira Maria Mendes; Calic, Simone Berger; Sousa, Rita de; Bacellar, FátimaThe present study is an update review on the occurrence and diagnosis of rickettsial diseases in Brazil and Portugal, aiming at promoting their epidemiological surveillance in both countries. A literature review was carried out and unpublished data of laboratories and surveillance systems were presented. The results described the occurrence of rickettsial diseases and infections in Brazil and Portugal, including other new and still poorly understood rickettsial infections. Current diagnostic methods were discussed. As in many other countries, rickettsial diseases and infections seem to be an emerging public health problem. Treated as a minor problem for many decades, the interest in these infections has increased in both countries but further studies are needed to establish their role as a public health problem.Item A population-based study on binge drinking among elderly Brazilian men : evidence from the Belo Horizonte and Bambuí health surveys.(2008) Cano Prais, Hugo Alejandro; Loyola Filho, Antônio Ignácio de; Firmo, Joselia Oliveira Araujo; Costa, Maria Fernanda Lima; Uchoa, ElizabethObjetivos: Determinar a prevalência e fatores associados ao consumo episódico excessivo de álcool em duas populações idosas (≥ 60 anos). Método: Foi selecionada uma amostra probabilística de 685 idosos na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte e 642 (92,6% do total de residentes) idosos na cidade de Bambuí (15.000 habitantes), ambas situadas em Minas Gerais. A variável dependente do estudo foi consumo de ≥ 5 drinques em uma única ocasião nos últimos 30 dias e as variáveis independentes incluíram características sociodemográficas, rede social de apoio, condições de saúde e usos de serviços de saúde. Resultados: A prevalência deste consumo foi maior na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (27,0%) do que em Bambuí (13,7%). Na análise multivarida, pior percepção da saúde foi a única característica que persistiu associada ao consumo episódico excessivo de álcool em ambas as populações (RP = 0,62; IC95% 0,45-0,85 e 0,57; 0,40-0,83, respectivamente). Por outro lado, duas diferenças foram encontradas: 1) na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, o consumo excessivo de álcool apresentou associação significante com maior escolaridade [8+ anos] (RP = 1,55; IC95% 1,07-2,26) e com incapacidade funcional (PR = 0,12; IC 95% 0,02-0,83); 2) em Bambuí, observou-se associação independente entre esse consumo e ser divorciado ou separado (RP = 2,49; IC 95% 1,55-3,99). Conclusões: Os resultados mostram que diferenças na prevalência e fatores associados ao consumo episódico excessivo de álcool podem ser observadas entre populações de um mesmo país, provavelmente devido a influências socioculturais.Item Enfermedades rickettsiales : ¿Un problema de salud pública en América Latina?(2013) Galvão, Márcio Antônio Moreira; Padilha, Amanda de FreitasPara que una enfermedad sea considerada un problema de salud pública, los parámetros epidemiológicos son magnitud, vulnerabilidad y trascendencia. Si se considera sólo magnitud y vulnerabilidad basadas en la incidencia de las enfermedades rickettsiales en América Latina y en la ausencia de una vacuna efectiva contra esta clase de enfermedades, se puede decir que las enfermedades rickettsiales no son una prioridad ni un problema de salud pública. Sin embargo, si se investigan otros parámetros epidemiológicos se puede tener otra visión acerca de estas enfermedades. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar mediante un estudio histórico retrospectivo, los factores de riego epidemiológicos en las enfermedades rickettsiales, para confirmar nuestra hipótesis sobre su relevancia en salud pública.Item Epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Montes Claros Municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.(2003) Silva, João Carlos França da; Costa, Roberto Teodoro da; Siqueira, Ari M.; Coelho, George Luiz Lins Machado; Costa, Carlos Alberto da; Mayrink, Wilson; Vieira, Edvá P.; Silva, Jaime Costa daThe Montes Claros City is located in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniosis in the Minas Gerais State, Brazil.With the implementation of a program for the control of visceral leishmaniosis in 1994, a sectional study was carried out to evaluate the infection by viscerotropic Leishmania in the population of dogs from Montes Claros, basically using indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Blood samples were collected on filter paper from 33,937 dogs, representing 96.1% of the canine local population. The prevalence for visceral leishmaniosis was found to be 9.7% in the municipality, being 9.9% in the urban area and 8.8% in the rural area. The annual incidence showed to be 64.3/1000 dogs. Prevalence of infection was not correlated with dogs age. The most affected breeds were: Boxer (24.6%) and Cocker (26.9%); Mongrel dogs had a prevalence of 7.8%. Short-hair animals had a prevalence of 11.9%, while long-furred animals had a prevalence of 8.9%. The isoenzymatic profile indicated that Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi was the visceral leishmaniosis etiological agent in Montes Claros City, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The main geographical areas for the parasite transmission were identified, and control measures were immediately started. The role of the dog as a reservoir for L. chagasi was confirmed. It was demonstrated that short-furred animals are at a higher risk of acquiring visceral leishmaniosis than the long-furred dogs.