Navegando por Assunto "Aged"

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Effects of different strength training protocols on sarcopenia influencing parameters in older adults : a systematic review.
(2022) Registre, Farah; Lopes, Lilian Maria Peixoto; Souza, Perciliany Martins de; Becker, Lenice Kappes; Borba, Diego de Alcantara; Ferreira Júnior, João Batista; Oliveira, Emerson Cruz de; Coelho, Daniel Barbosa
Introduction: Sarcopenia is characterized by the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and its functionality. Several of the parameters that influence sarcopenia are modified by strength training. Objective: To review the effects of different strength training protocols (frequency, duration, and intensity) on parameters that influence sarcopenia. Methods: This is a systematic review of original, quantitative, observational studies, published between 2010 in 2020, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, and indexed in the SciELO, PubMed, and CAPES databases. The terms used search were: “muscle strenght” (“força muscular”, “fuerza muscular”), “sarcopenia” (“sarcopenia”), “aging” (“envelhecimento”, “envejecimiento”), “olders” (“idosos”, “ancianos”), “strength training” (“treinamento de força/resistência”, “entrenamiento de fuerza”). 215 articles were retrieved and 11 met the inclusion criteria, being included in the review. Results: Among the 11 studies analyzed, it is observed that strength training applied in different protocols was efficient in improving parameters such as muscle mass and strength, body balance, and performance in diagnostic tests of sarcopenia. Conclusion: This review highlights the benefits of the practice of strength exercise in different protocols on parameters that influence the onset of sarcopenia in older adults. The exercise of strength is presented as an applicable, practical, and non-pharmacological means of preventing sarcopenia.
Queda entre idosos no Brasil e sua relação com o uso de medicamentos : revisão sistemática.
(2012) Rezende, Cristiane de Paula; Gaede Carrillo, Maria Ruth Gonçalves; Sebastião, Elza Conceição de Oliveira
Falls in the elderly, often classified as accidental, are frequently related to medication, generally involving poor prognosis and thus becoming a public health issue. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify published Brazilian studies on medication as a risk factor for falls or fall-related fractures in the elderly. The search covered the LILACS, PubMed, and SciELO indexes using the descriptors falls, elderly, and pharmaceutical preparations/medications/medicines/ drugs or specific drug classes. A total of 340 articles presented data on prevalence, incidence, and risk factors associated with medication and falls or fall-related fractures, but only 6 pharmacoepidemiological studies were examined because they were conducted specifically in Brazilian samples. The main drug classes associated with increased risk of falls: antidepressants, sedatives, anxiolytics, and diuretics. The promotion of rational drug use in geriatrics requires well-designed studies to produce robust scientific data.
Use of structural models to elucidate the occurrence of falls among older adults according to abdominal obesity : a cross-sectional study.
(2022) Monteiro, Elma Lúcia de Freitas; Ikegami, Érica Midori; Oliveira, Nayara Gomes Nunes; Reis, Erika Cardoso dos; Virtuoso Junior, Jair Sindra
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a risk factor for falls in older adults, but the effects of body fat distribution and its interaction with other factors are not well established. OBJECTIVES: To verify the occurrence of falls among older adults with and without abdominal obesity and the effects of sociodemographic, health, and behavioral variables on this outcome. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study in an urban area of Alcobaça, Brazil. METHODS: Men and women older than 60 years with (270) and without (184) abdominal obesity were included. Sociodemographic, health, and behavioral data were collected using validated questionnaires in Brazil. Descriptive and path analyses were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The occurrence of falls was high in participants with abdominal obesity (33.0%). In both groups, a higher number of morbidities (β = 0.25, P < 0.001; β = 0.26, P = 0.002) was directly associated with a higher occurrence of falls. Among participants without abdominal obesity, a lower number of medications (β = -0.16; P = 0.04), a higher number of depressive symptoms (β = 0.15; P = 0.04), worse performance on the agility and dynamic balance tests (β = 0.37; P < 0.001), and lower functional disability for basic activities of daily living (β = -0.21; P = 0.006) were directly associated with the occurrence of falls. CONCLUSION: Adults older than 60 years with abdominal obesity have a higher prevalence of falls. Different factors were associated with the occurrence of falls in both groups.