Navegando por Autor "Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini"
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Item Analyses of seven new genomes of Xanthomonas citri pv. aurantifolii strains, causative agents of Citrus Canker B and C, show a reduced repertoire of pathogenicity-related genes.(2019) Fonseca, Natasha Peixoto; Patané, José Salvatore Leister; Varani, Alessandro de Mello; Felestrino, Érica Barbosa; Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Assis, Renata de Almeida Barbosa; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Belasque Junior, José; Martins Junior, Joaquim; Facincani, Agda PaulaXanthomonas citri pv. aurantifolii pathotype B (XauB) and pathotype C (XauC) are the causative agents respectively of citrus canker B and C, diseases of citrus plants related to the better-known citrus canker A, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri. The study of the genomes of strains of these related bacterial species has the potential to bring new understanding to the molecular basis of citrus canker as well as their evolutionary history. Up to now only one genome sequence of XauB and only one genome sequence of XauC have been available, both in draft status. Here we present two new genome sequences of XauB (both complete) and five new genome sequences of XauC (two complete). A phylogenomic analysis of these seven genome sequences along with 24 other related Xanthomonas genomes showed that there are two distinct and wellsupported major clades, the XauB and XauC clade and the Xanthomonas citri pv. citri clade. An analysis of 62 Type III Secretion System effector genes showed that there are 42 effectors with variable presence/absence or pseudogene status among the 31 genomes analyzed. A comparative analysis of secretion-system and surfacestructure genes showed that the XauB and XauC genomes lack several key genes in pathogenicity-related subsystems. These subsystems, the Types I and IV Secretion Systems, and the Type IV pilus, therefore emerge as important ones in helping explain the aggressiveness of the A type of citrus canker and the apparent dominance in the field of the corresponding strain over the B and C strains.Item Bactérias cultiváveis obtidas a partir de Langsdorffia hypogaea como potenciais controladores biológicos de fungos saprofíticos associados com deterioração de tomate pós-colheita.(2021) Silva, Ana Karla da; Moreira, Leandro Marcio; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Moreira, Leandro Marcio; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Laia, Marcelo Luiz deGrandes quantidades de frutos e vegetais são perdidos por consequência da ação de fungos que os deterioram na fase de pós-colheita. Fatores como cultivo inapropriado, vasto uso de agrotóxicos, armazenamento, manuseio, transporte inadequados e grandes variações de temperatura podem favorecer o aparecimento e a propagação de doenças fúngicas alavancando a fase de deterioração. O tomate, por exemplo, por ser uma hortaliça de alta perecividade, pode incorrer em perdas de até metade da produção na fase pós-colheita. Atualmente, a forma mais comumente utilizada para controle destes microrganismos está na aplicação de fungicidas sintéticos (agrotóxicos), porém, com o agravo de seu uso ser altamente prejudicial à saúde. Diante desse cenário, o controle biológico surge como uma alternativa limpa de controlar microrganismos indesejáveis, por meio da utilização de seus próprios inimigos naturais. Neste trabalho, propomos o controle de espécies fúngicas causadoras de doenças pós-colheita e deterioração de tomates, por meio da utilização de isolados bacterianos cultiváveis obtidos previamente a partir de rizosfera e raízes de Langsdorffia hypogaea, uma planta holoparasita obrigatória. Um total de 36 isolados foram diretamente confrontados com quatro espécies fúngicas bioprospectadas diretamente de tomates, nomeadas como F8", "F11", "F7.2" e "F12". Além disso, os isolados de melhor eficiência nesta etapa, foram posteriormente avaliados quanto a capacidade de autoagregação e produção de biofilme, características fundamentais para fixação em tecido vegetal. Deste total, 33 isolados foram capazes de inibir in vitro o crescimento de F8 com taxas de até 61,27%, enquanto que, para o fungo F11, os 36 isolados apresentaram taxas de inibição positiva, sendo a maior delas 76,81%. O fungo F7.2 se demonstrou o mais difícil de ser contido, 33 isolados bacterianos foram capazes de inibi-lo e a maior taxa alcançada foi 56,04%, entretanto, diferente dos demais, apenas um isolado bacteriano apresentou taxa de inibição superior a 50%. Finalmente, todos os 36 isolados bacterianos foram capazes de inibir o fungo F12 alcançando a maior faixa de inibição, com valores de até 93,83%. Dos 36 isolados testados, 14 melhores passaram para a próxima fase, dentre estes, 8 isolados foram capazes de se autoagregar com taxas baixas de até 20,1%. Os 14 isolados bacterianos, foram capazes de produzir biofilme, 7 deles se enquadraram como produtores moderados, enquanto os 7 demais foram classificados como fortes produtores. Concluímos que bactérias provenientes do solo do QF e da planta Langsdorffia hypogaea são potenciais agentes biocontroladores de fungos deterioradores, entretanto, serão necessários estudos mais aprofundados para verificar a atividade diretamente no fruto.Item Biotechnological potential of plant growth-promoting bacteria from the roots and rhizospheres of endemic plants in ironstone vegetation in southeastern Brazil.(2018) Felestrino, Érica Barbosa; Vieira, Izadora Tabuso; Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Assis, Renata de Almeida Barbosa; Lemes, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho; Fonseca, Natasha Peixoto; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Caicedo Cepeda, Juan Carlos; Ferro, Jesus Aparecido; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Carmo, Flávio Fonseca do; Kamino, Luciana Hiromi Yoshino; Moreira, Leandro MarcioMicroorganisms associated with plants have a great biotechnological potential, but investigations of these microorganisms associated with native plants in peculiar environments has been incipient. The objective of this study was to analyze the plant growth-promoting bacteria potential of cultivable bacteria associated with rare plants from the ferruginous rocky fields of the Brazilian Iron Quadrangle. The roots and rhizospheres of nine endemic plants species and samples of a root found in a lateritiric duricrust (canga) cave were collected, the culturable bacteria isolated and prospected for distinct biotechnological and ecological potentials. Out of the 148 isolates obtained, 8 (5.4%) showed potential to promote plant growth, whereas 4 (2.7%) isolates acted as biocontrol agents against Xanthomonas citri pathotype A (Xac306), reducing the cancrotic lesions by more than 60% when co-inoculated with this phytopathogen in Citrus sinensis plants. Moreover, other 4 (2.7%) isolates were classified as potential bioremediation agents, being able to withstand high concentrations of arsenite (5 mM As3+) and arsenate (800 mM As5+), by removing up to 35% and 15% of this metalloid in solution, respectively. These same four isolates had a positive influence on the growth of both the roots and the aerial parts when inoculated with tomato seeds in the soil contaminated with arsenic. This is the first time that an investigation highlights the potentialities of bacteria associated with rare plants of ferruginous rocky fields as a reservoir of microbiota of biotechnological and ecological interest, highlighting the importance of conservation of this area that is undergoing intense anthropic activityItem Brazilian ironstone plant communities as reservoirs of culturable bacteria with diverse biotechnological potential.(2018) Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Felestrino, Érica Barbosa; Fonseca, Natasha Peixoto; Villa, Morghana Marina; Lemes, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Assis, Renata de Almeida Barbosa; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Vieira, Izadora Tabuso; Kamino, Luciana Hiromi Yoshino; Carmo, Flávio Fonseca do; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Moreira, Leandro MarcioExtensive mineral extractivism in the Brazilian Iron Quadrangle (IQ) region has destroyed large areas of land, decimating plant species, and their associated microbiota. Very little is known about the microbiota of the region; hence, cultivable bacteria associated with plants of its soils were investigated for their biotechnological potential. Samples were collected from nine plant species and six soils, and 65 cultivable bacterial isolates were obtained. These represent predominantly gram-positive bacilli (70%) capable of producing amylases (55%), proteases (63%), cellulases (47%), indole acetic acid (IAA) (46%), siderophores (26%), and to solubilize phosphate (9%). In addition, 65% of these were resistant to ampicillin, 100% were sensitive to tetracycline, and 97% were tolerant to high arsenic concentrations. Three isolates were studied further: the isolate FOB3 (Rosenbergiella sp.) produced high concentrations of IAA in vitro in the absence of tryptophan – shown by the significant improvement in plant germination and growth rate where the isolate was present. For isolates C25 (Acinetobacter sp.) and FG3 (Serratia sp.), plasmids were purified and inserted into Escherichia coli cells where they modified the physiological profile of the transformed strains. The E. coli::pFG3B strain showed the highest capacity for biofilm production, as well as an increase in the replication rate, arsenic tolerance and catalase activity. Moreover, this strain increased DNA integrity in the presence of arsenic, compared to the wild-type strain. These results help to explain the importance of bacteria in maintaining plant survival in ferruginous, rocky soils, acting as plant growth promoters, and to highlight the biotechnological potential of these bacteria. IMPORTANCE The Iron Quadrangle region is responsible for ∼60% of all Brazilian iron production and, at the same time, is responsible for housing a wide diversity of landscapes, and consequently, a series of endemic plant species and dozens of rare species – all of which have been poorly studied. Studies exploring the microbiota associated with these plant species are limited and in the face of the continuous pressure of extractive action, some species along with their microbiota are being decimated. To understand the potential of this microbiota, we discovered that cultivable bacterial isolates obtained from plants in the ferruginous rocky soil of the Iron Quadrangle region have diverse biotechnological potential, revealing a genetic ancestry still unknown.Item Complete genome sequence and analysis of Alcaligenes faecalis strain Mc250, a new potential plant bioinoculant.(2020) Felestrino, Érica Barbosa; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Lemes, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho; Assis, Renata de Almeida Barbosa; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Fonseca, Natasha Peixoto; Villa, Morghana Marina; Vieira, Izadora Tabuso; Kamino, Luciana Hiromi Yoshino; Carmo, Flávio Fonseca do; Silva, Aline Maria da; Thomas, Andrew Maltez; Patané, José Salvatore Leister; Ferreira, Fernanda Carla; Freitas, Leandro Grassi de; Varani, Alessandro de Mello; Ferro, Jesus Aparecido; Silva, Robson Soares; Almeida Junior, Nalvo Franco de; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Setubal, João Carlos; Moreira, Leandro MarcioHere we present and analyze the complete genome of Alcaligenes faecalis strain Mc250 (Mc250), a bacterium isolated from the roots of Mimosa calodendron, an endemic plant growing in ferruginous rupestrian grasslands in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The genome has 4,159,911 bp and 3,719 predicted protein-coding genes, in a single chromosome. Comparison of the Mc250 genome with 36 other Alcaligenes faecalis genomes revealed that there is considerable gene content variation among these strains, with the core genome representing only 39% of the protein-coding gene repertoire of Mc250. Mc250 encodes a complete denitrification pathway, a network of pathways associated with phenolic compounds degradation, and genes associated with HCN and siderophores synthesis; we also found a repertoire of genes associated with metal internalization and metabolism, sulfate/sulfonate and cysteine metabolism, oxidative stress and DNA repair. These findings reveal the genomic basis for the adaptation of this bacterium to the harsh environmental conditions from where it was isolated. Gene clusters associated with ectoine, terpene, resorcinol, and emulsan biosynthesis that can confer some competitive advantage were also found. Experimental results showed that Mc250 was able to reduce (~60%) the virulence phenotype of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri when co-inoculated in Citrus sinensis, and was able to eradicate 98% of juveniles and stabilize the hatching rate of eggs to 4% in two species of agricultural nematodes. These results reveal biotechnological potential for the Mc250 strain and warrant its further investigation as a biocontrol and plant growth-promoting bacterium.Item Detection and identification of Xanthomonas pathotypes associated with citrus diseases using comparative genomics and multiplex PCR.(2019) Fonseca, Natasha Peixoto; Felestrino, Érica Barbosa; Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Lemes, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho; Assis, Renata de Almeida Barbosa; Carvalho, Flávia Maria de Souza; Ferro, Jesus Aparecido; Varani, Alessandro de Mello; Belasque Junior, José; Setubal, João Carlos; Telles, Guilherme Pimentel; Aguena, Deiviston da Silva; Almeida Junior, Nalvo Franco de; Moreira, Leandro MarcioBackground. In Citrus cultures, three species of Xanthomonas are known to cause distinct diseases. X. citri subsp. citri patothype A, X. fuscans subsp. aurantifolii pathotypes B and C, and X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis, are the causative agents of cancrosis A, B, C, and citrus bacterial spots, respectively. Although these species exhibit different levels of virulence and aggressiveness, only limited alternatives are currently available for proper and early detection of these diseases in the fields. The present study aimed to develop a new molecular diagnostic method based on genomic sequences derived from the four species of Xanthomonas. Results. Using comparative genomics approaches, primers were synthesized for the identification of the four causative agents of citrus diseases. These primers were validated for their specificity to their target DNA by both conventional and multiplex PCR. Upon evaluation, their sensitivity was found to be 0.02 ng/µl in vitro and 1.5 × 104 CFU ml−1 in infected leaves. Additionally, none of the primers were able to generate amplicons in 19 other genomes of Xanthomonas not associated with Citrus and one species of Xylella, the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC). This denotes strong specificity of the primers for the different species of Xanthomonas investigated in this study. Conclusions. We demonstrated that these markers can be used as potential candidates for performing in vivo molecular diagnosis exclusively for citrus-associated Xanthomonas. The bioinformatics pipeline developed in this study to design specific genomic regions is capable of generating specific primers. It is freely available and can be utilized for any other model organism.Item Direct participation of DNA in the formation of singlet oxygen and base damage under UVA irradiation.(2017) Yagura, Teiti; Schuch, André Passaglia; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Rocha, Clarissa Ribeiro Reily; Moreno, Natália Cestari; Angeli, José Pedro Friedmann; Mendes, Davi; Severino, Divinomar; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Mascio, Paolo Di; Medeiros, Marisa Helena Gennari de; Menck, Carlos Frederico MartinsUVA light is hardly absorbed by the DNA molecule, but recent works point to a direct mechanism of DNA lesion by these wavelengths. UVA light also excite endogenous chromophores, which causes DNA damage through ROS. In this study, DNA samples were irradiated with UVA light in different conditions to investigate possible mechanisms involved in the induction of DNA damage. The different types of DNA lesions formed after irradiation were determined through the use of endonucleases, which recognize and cleave sites containing oxidized bases and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), as well as through antibody recognition. The formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanine (8-oxodG) was also studied in more detail using electrochemical detection. The results show that high NaCl concentration and concentrated DNA are capable of reducing the induction of CPDs. Moreover, concerning damage caused by oxidative stress, the presence of sodium azide and metal chelators reduce their induction, while deuterated water increases the amounts of oxidized bases, confirming the involvement of singlet oxygen in the generation of these lesions. Curiously, however, high concentrations of DNA also enhanced the formation of oxidized bases, in a reaction that paralleled the increase in the formation of singlet oxygen in the solution. This was interpreted as being due to an intrinsic photosensitization mechanism, depending directly on the DNA molecule to absorb UVA and generate singlet oxygen. Therefore, the DNA molecule itself may act as a chromophore for UVA light, locally producing a damaging agent, which may lead to even greater concerns about the deleterious impact of sunlight.Item DNA ddduct formation in the lungs and brain of rats exposed to low concentrations of [13C2]‑Acetaldehyde.(2018) Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Freitas, Florêncio Porto; Batista, Guilherme Lopes; Lopes, Fernando Silva; Carvalho, Victor Henrique; Ronsein, Graziella Eliza; Gutz, Ivano Gebhardt Rolf; Mascio, Paolo Di; Medeiros, Marisa Helena Gennari deAir pollution is a major environmental risk for human health. Acetaldehyde is present in tobacco smoke and vehicle exhaust. In this study, we show that [13C2]-acetaldehyde induces DNA modification with the formation of isotopically labeled 1,N2-propano-2′-deoxyguanosine adducts in the brain and lungs of rats exposed to concentrations of acetaldehyde found in the atmosphere of megacities. The adduct, with the addition of two molecules of isotopically labeled acetaldehyde [13C4]-1,N2-propano-dGuo, was detected in the lung and brain tissues of exposed rats by micro-HPLC/MS/MS. Structural confirmation of the products was unequivocally performed by nano-LC/ESI+-HRMS3 analyses. DNA modifications induced by acetaldehyde have been regarded as a key factor in the mechanism of mutagenesis and may be involved in the cancer risks associated with air pollution.Item Hatchery tanks induce intense reduction in microbiota diversity associated with gills and guts of two endemic species of the São Francisco River.(2022) Damasceno, Maria Rosilene Alves; Lemes, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho; Braga, Lucélia Sandra Silva Barbosa; Tizioto, Polyana Cristine; Montenegro, Horácio; Paduan, Marcela; Pereira, Josielda Gomes; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Rocha, Lorrana Cachuite Mendes; Silva, Sibele Aryadne da; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo; Yazbeck, Gabriel de Menezes; Moreira, Leandro Marcio; Garcia, Camila Carrião MachadoThe São Francisco River (SFR), one of the main Brazilian rivers, has suffered cumulative anthropogenic impacts, leading to ever-decreasing fish stocks and environmental, economic, and social consequences. Rhinelepis aspera and Prochilodus argenteus are medium-sized, bottom-feeding, and rheophilic fishes from the SFR that suffer from these actions. Both species are targeted for spawning and restocking operations due to their relevance in artisanal fisheries, commercial activities, and conservation concerns. Using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we characterized the microbiome present in the gills and guts of these species recruited from an impacted SFR region and hatchery tanks (HT). Our results showed that bacterial diversity from the gill and gut at the genera level in both fish species from HT is 87% smaller than in species from the SFR. Furthermore, only 15 and 29% of bacterial genera are shared between gills and guts in R. aspera and P. argenteus from SFR, respectively, showing an intimate relationship between functional differences in organs. In both species from SFR, pathogenic, xenobiont-degrading, and cyanotoxin-producer bacterial genera were found, indicating the critical pollution scenario in which the river finds itself. This study allowed us to conclude that the conditions imposed on fish in the HT act as important modulators of microbial diversity in the analyzed tissues. It also raises questions regarding the effects of these conditions on hatchery spawn fish and their suitability for restocking activities, aggravated by the narrow genetic diversity associated with such freshwater systems.Item Isolamento e purificação de sideróforos bacterianos : uma abordagem educacional multidisciplinar.(2019) Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Pereira, Josielda Gomes; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Moreira, Leandro MarcioAs bactérias promovem a captação ambiental de ferro pela produção e secreção de sideróforos, que quelam o ferro e são posteriormente internalizadas para fornecer esse essencial metal ao metabolismo celular. Neste estudo, descrevemos uma sequência didática que permitirá aos estudantes de graduação isolar, purificar parcialmente e classificar os sideróforos produzidos por bactérias de diferentes ambientes. Essa proposta foi avaliada com alunos do mestrado profissional em ensino de ciências abordando parâmetros metodológicos e aprendizagem conceitual associado à metodologia. Os resultados mostraram que essa sequência didática pode trabalhar temáticas bioquímicas em conjunto com uma abordagem multidisciplinar e de baixo custo, permitindo a discussão de questões-chave em diferentes áreas do conhecimento biológico que é frequentemente negligenciada em estudos universitários.Item Prospecção do potencial anti fúngico de isolados bacterianos obtidos a partir da epiderme de anuros do Quadrilátero ferrífero - MG.(2020) Fernandes, Camila Henriques de Paula; Moreira, Leandro Marcio; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Moreira, Leandro Marcio; Oliveira Júnior, Ênio Nazaré de; Cruz, Izinara Rosse daO controle biológico utilizando bactérias como antagonistas é uma maneira eficiente para o controle de pragas causadas por fungos. Neste cenário, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi prospectar o potencial antifúngico de isolados bacterianos cultiváveis obtidos a partir da pele de quatro espécies de anuros coletados na EET. A Estação Ecológica do Tripuí (EET) está localizada no Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Ouro Preto, MG. Esta área possui alta biodiversidade, com destaque para a anurofauna. Assim, 192 isolados bacterianos obtidos a partir da pele das espécies Boana albopunctata, Boana faber, Rhinella crucifer e Ischnocnema izecksohni foram investigadas quanto à capacidade de atuarem como biocontroladores de Fusarium oxysporum e Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, respectivos agentes causais da fusariose e da antracnose, que acometem várias culturas agrícolas, acarretando diversos prejuízos econômicos e sociais. Para o ensaio inicial, os 192 isolados foram avaliados contra F. oxysporum, por meio de ensaio de inibição direta. Dentre os isolados analisados, 15 foram capazes de inibir em até 60% do crescimento do fungo. Estes 15 isolados foram então selecionados para o ensaio de inibição direta contra o C. lindemuthianum, seguindo o mesmo protocolo. Oito apresentaram taxa de inibição superior a 80%, dentre eles, dois com inibição de 100% do crescimento. Esses 8 isolados foram então avaliados quanto a capacidade de inibição indireta por compostos difusíveis e termoestáveis, os quais apresentaram resultados equivalentes aos testes anteriores. Porém, nenhum foi capaz de inibir por meio da produção de compostos voláteis. Além disso, foram realizados ensaios de produção de amilase, protease e celulase para estes 8 isolados, dos quais 6 apresentaram resultado positivo para todas as enzimas avaliadas. Os isolados também apresentaram resultados positivos para a produção de biofilme, auto-agregação, fixação de nitrogênio e solubilização de fosfato. Finalmente, os 8 isolados foram identificados por sequenciamento da subunidade 16S do gene ribossomal. Desta forma, conclui-se que estes isolados bacterianos apresentam potencial antagônico até então desconhecido com características fisiológicas que os apontam como potenciais agentes biocontroladores contra fungos de importância agrícola.Item Serratia liquefaciens FG3 isolated from a metallophyte plant sheds light on the evolution and mechanisms of adaptive traits in extreme environments.(2019) Caneschi, Washington Luiz; Sanchez, Angelica Bianchini; Felestrino, Érica Barbosa; Lemes, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho; Cordeiro, Isabella Ferreira; Fonseca, Natasha Peixoto; Villa, Morghana Marina; Vieira, Izadora Tabuso; Moraes, Lauro Ângelo Gonçalves de; Assis, Renata de Almeida Barbosa; Carmo, Flávio Fonseca do; Kamino, Luciana Hiromi Yoshino; Silva, Robson Soares; Ferro, Jesus Aparecido; Ferro, Maria Inês Tiraboschi; Ferreira, Rafael Marini; Santos, Vera Lúcia; Silva, Ubiana de Cássia Mourão; Almeida Junior, Nalvo Franco de; Varani, Alessandro de Mello; Garcia, Camila Carrião Machado; Setubal, João Carlos; Moreira, Leandro MarcioSerratia liquefaciens strain FG3 (SlFG3), isolated from the flower of Stachytarpheta glabra in the Brazilian ferruginous fields, has distinctive genomic, adaptive, and biotechnological potential. Herein, using a combination of genomics and molecular approaches, we unlocked the evolution of the adaptive traits acquired by S1FG3, which exhibits the second largest chromosome containing the largest conjugative plasmids described for Serratia. Comparative analysis revealed the presence of 18 genomic islands and 311 unique protein families involved in distinct adaptive features. S1FG3 has a diversified repertoire of genes associated with Nonribosomal peptides (NRPs/PKS), a complete and functional cluster related to cellulose synthesis, and an extensive and functional repertoire of oxidative metabolism genes. In addition, S1FG3 possesses a complete pathway related to protocatecuate and chloroaromatic degradation, and a complete repertoire of genes related to DNA repair and protection that includes mechanisms related to UV light tolerance, redox process resistance, and a laterally acquired capacity to protect DNA using phosphorothioation. These findings summarize that SlFG3 is well-adapted to different biotic and abiotic stress situations imposed by extreme conditions associated with ferruginous fields, unlocking the impact of the lateral gene transfer to adjust the genome for extreme environments, and providing insight into the evolution of prokaryotes.