Navegando por Autor "Ruginsk, Silvia Graciela"

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Nicotine exposure through breastfeeding affects brainderived neurotrophic factor and synaptic proteins levels in the brain of stressed adult female mice.
(2022) Pereira Júnior, Antonio Alves; Amorim, Gabriel Estevam Santos de; Garcia, Raphael Caio Tamborelli; Ribeiro, Jessyca Milene; Silva, Alessandra Oliveira; Almeida, Carolina Aparecida de Faria; Ceron, Carla Speroni; Ruginsk, Silvia Graciela; Rodrigues, José Antunes; Elias, Lucila Leico Kagohara; Dias, Marcos Vinícios Salles; Marcourakis, Tania; Torres, Larissa Helena
Nicotine has been used during pregnancy and lactation as a tobacco harm reduction strategy. However, it is unclear whether nicotine exposure during a critical development period negatively impacts stress responses in adulthood. This study investigated how nicotine, administered via breastfeeding, affects the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptic proteins levels, and anxiety-like behavior in adult female mice subjected to stress. Female Swiss mice were exposed to saline or nicotine (8 mg/kg/day) through breastfeeding between their fourth and 17th postnatal days (P) via implanted osmotic mini pumps. The unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) protocol was performed during their adulthood (P65) for 10 consecutive days, followed by the elevated plus maze (EPM) test 1 day after the protocol. Animals were euthanized and their blood, collected for plasma corticosterone measurements and their brain structures, dissected for BDNF and synaptic proteins analyses. We found no significant differences in corticosterone levels between groups (Saline/Nonstress, Nicotine/Non-stress, Saline/Stress, and Nicotine/Stress). The UCMS protocol hindered weight gain. Mice exposed to nicotine through breastfeeding with or without the UCMS protocol in adulthood showed higher grooming and head dipping frequency; decreased BDNF levels in cerebellum and striatum; increased postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), synapsin I, and synaptophysin levels in cerebellum; and decreased PSD-95 and synapsin I levels in brainstem. Our results indicate that nicotine exposure through breastfeeding leads to long-lasting behavioral effects and synaptic protein changes, most of which were independent of the UCMS protocol, even after a long nicotine-free period, highlighting the importance of further studies on nicotine exposure during development.
No effect of prior Dengue virus 1 infection in mouse dams on long-term behavioral profiles in offspring infected with Zika virus during gestation.
(2020) Costa, Karla Cristinne Mancini; Brancaglion, Gustavo Andrade; Almeida, Carolina Aparecida de Faria; Amorim, Gabriel Estevam Santos de; Veloso, Luciana Lopes; Lião, Lucas da Silva; Souza, Gabriel Augusto Pires de; Pereira, Bruna Pinheiro; Angelo, Marilene Lopes; Ruginsk, Silvia Graciela; Brandão, Wesley Nogueira; Marcourakis, Tania; Ceron, Carla Speroni; Coelho, Luiz Felipe Leomil; Torres, Larissa Helena
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus structurally and antigenically related to Dengue virus (DENV). Zika virus has been associated with congenital anomalies and most ZIKV outbreaks have occurred in endemic areas of DENV. The present study investigated the effects of prior DENV serotype 1 (DENV1) immunity in immunocompetent female Swiss mice on gestational ZIKV infection in offspring. Physical/reflex development, locomotor activity, anxiety, visual acuity, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were evaluated in offspring during infancy and adolescence. Anti-DENV1 and anti-ZIKV antibodies were detected in sera of the progenitors, whereas no ZIKV genomes were detected in the offspring brain. Pups from dams with only DENV1 immunity presented alterations of physical/reflex development. Pups from all infected dams exhibited time- related impairments in locomotor activity and anxiolytic-like behavior. Offspring from DENV/ZIKV-infected dams exhibited impairments in visual acuity during infancy but not during adolescence, which was consistent with morphometric analysis of the optic nerve. Pups from DENV1-, ZIKV-, and DENV/ZIKV-infected dams exhibited a decrease in BDNF levels during infancy and an increase during adolescence in distinct brain regions. In summary, we found no influence of prior DENV1 immunity on gestational ZIKV infection in offspring, with the exception of alterations of early visual parameters, and an increase in BDNF levels in the hippocampus during adolescence.
Protective effects of kefir against unpredictable chronic stress alterations in mice central nervous system, heart, and kidney.
(2022) Silva, Alessandra Oliveira; Ribeiro, Jessyca Milene; Patrocínio, Talita Bárbara; Amorim, Gabriel Estevam Santos de; Pereira Júnior, Antônio Alves; Angelo, Marilene Lopes; Paula, Fernanda Borges de Araújo; Oliveira, Nelma de Mello Silva; Ruginsk, Silvia Graciela; Rodrigues, José Antunes; Elias, Lucila Leico Kagohara; Dias, Marcos Vinícios Salles; Torres, Larissa Helena; Ceron, Carla Speroni
Kefir is a probiotic mixture with anxiolytic and antioxidant properties. Chronic stress can lead to anxiety disorders and increase oxidative damage in organs such as the heart and kidney. In this study, we examined whether kefir ameliorates the anxiety-like behavior of mice submitted to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) by modulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and corticosterone levels and whether kefir modifies the oxidative parameters in the heart and kidney of mice. Male Swiss mice received kefir (0.3 mL/100 g/day) or milk for 30 days (gavage). On the 10th day, the mice were submitted to CUS. Behavioral analysis was performed using the elevated plus maze and forced swimming tests. BDNF levels were analyzed in brain tissues. Heart and kidney superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), 3-nitrotyrosine, metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and plasma corticosterone were evaluated. Kefir reverted the CUS-induced decrease in the time spent in the open arms, the increase in grooming frequency, and decrease in the head dipping frequency, but not the reduced immobility time. CUS decreased the cerebellum BDNF levels and increased corticosterone levels, which were restored by Kefir. Neither catalase and SOD activities nor GSH, TBARS, 3-nitrotyrosine, and MMP-2 were modified by CUS in the heart. In the kidney, CUS increased 3-nitrotyrosine and MMP-2. Kefir increased the antioxidant defense in the heart and kidney of control and CUS mice. These results suggest that kefir ameliorated CUS-induced anxiety-like behavior by modulating brain BDNF and corticosterone levels. Kefir also increased the antioxidant defense of mice heart and kidney.
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate reduces alloxan-induced kidney damage by decreasing nox4, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and metalloproteinase-2.
(2020) Pereira, Bruna Pinheiro; Valle, Gabriel Tavares do; Salles, Bruno César Côrrea; Costa, Karla Cristinne Mancini; Angelo, Marilene Lopes; Torres, Larissa Helena Lobo; Novaes, Rômulo Dias; Ruginsk, Silvia Graciela; Tirapelli, Carlos Renato; Paula, Fernanda Borges de Araújo; Ceron, Carla Speroni
We examined the effect of the NFκB inhibitor pyrrolidine-1-carbodithioic acid (PDTC) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, and oxidative and inflammatory kidney damage in alloxan-induced diabetes. Two weeks after diabetes induction (alloxan-130 mg/kg), control and diabetic rats received PDTC (100 mg/kg) or vehicle for 8 weeks. Body weight, glycemia, urea, and creatinine were measured. Kidney changes were measured in hematoxylin/eosin sections and ED1 by immunohistochemistry. Kidney thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide anion (O2−), and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) levels, and catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were analyzed. Also, kidney nox4 and iNOS expression, and NFkB nuclear translocation were measured by western blot, and MMP-2 by zymography. Glycemia and urea increased in alloxan rats, which were not modified by PDTC treatment. However, PDTC attenuated kidney structural alterations and macrophage infiltration in diabetic rats. While diabetes increased both TBARS and O2 − levels, PDTC treatment reduced TBARS in diabetic and O2 − in control kidneys. A decrease in NOx levels was found in diabetic kidneys, which was prevented by PDTC. Diabetes reduced catalase activity, and PDTC increased catalase and SOD activities in both control and diabetic kidneys. PDTC treatment reduced MMP-2 activity and iNOS and p65 NFκB nuclear expression found increased in diabetic kidneys. Our results show that the NFκB inhibitor PDTC reduces renal damage through reduction of Nox4, iNOS, macrophages, and MMP-2 in the alloxan-induced diabetic model. These findings suggest that PDTC inhibits alloxan kidney damage via antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.