Navegando por Autor "Pereira, Jaqueline Alves"
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Item Crown architecture and leaf anatomic traits influencing herbivory on Clethra scabra Pers. : comparing adaptation to wetlands and drained habitats.(2016) Pereira, Jaqueline Alves; Londe, Vinícius; Ribeiro, Sérvio Pontes; Sousa, Hildeberto Caldas deWe tested the hypothesis that tree species adapted to ecotones between forest-swamps have leaf structures varying in response to land water saturation (drained and wetland), which could further influence their resistance against insect herbivory. The hypothesis was tested at the crown and leaf scale. We assessed differences in the plant architecture (height, circumference at breast height, trunk height, and crown) and leaf traits (sclerophylly and anatomy) of tree species inhabiting wetland and drained soils and investigated which variables explained variance in leaf herbivory rates. The study was conducted in Montane and wetland Forests in the Itacolomi State Park, in Southern Brazil, focusing on the Clethra scabra Pers., which inhabits both habitats, and also Myrcia amazonica DC. and Myrcia laruotteana Cambess (congeneric) which inhabit Montane forest and wetland forest, respectively. It was found that C. scabra individuals in wetland areas had simpler crown structure and higher leaf sclerophylly rates than those individuals of this species in the drained habitat. However, the two C. scabra populations did not differ regarding overall foliage thickness and damage by herbivory between drained and wetland habitats. Variables that were related to herbivory in this species were adaxial epidermis thickness and circumference at breast height. Myrcia individuals from wetland areas had less damaged leaves but thinner epidermis than in drained soils, but no variable correlated to herbivory at the leaf scale. Our hypothesis was partially corroborated and suggests that C. scabra is more influenced by soil saturation than Myrcia, and its herbivory is related with structural and anatomic parameters.Item Herbivoria foliar em populações e espécies arbóreas cogenéricas entre florestas paludosas e de encosta.(2015) Pereira, Jaqueline Alves; Sousa, Hildeberto Caldas de; Ribeiro, Sérvio PontesNeste trabalho comparou-se a historia de vida de dois gêneros arbóreos (Myrcia e Clethra) em função da adaptação a diferentes ambientes e a suscetibilidade destes a herbivoria. As hipóteses deste trabalho são que o estresse por saturação hídrica do solo interfere na fenologia das plantas, na estrutura de copa e nos seus caracteres anatômicos foliares, refletindo nos padrões de herbivoria e suscetibilidade a insetos herbívoros. O estudo foi realizado em dois tipos fisionômicos de floresta tropical adjacentes, (Floresta Montana em encosta drenada e Floresta Paludosa de baixada) no Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, MG, Brasil. A fenologia foliar e herbivoria por mastigação e por insetos galhadores foram medidas e comparadas entre os gêneros e entre os dois tipos de ambientes. Para realizar medidas das possíveis estruturas anatômicas com potencial função de defesa, seis folhas de cada planta foram selecionadas e cortadas à mão livre na região mediana. Os resultados permitiram concluir que as espécies investigadas têm baixa esclerofilia, independente do tipo de solo, favorecendo a herbivoria por insetos de vida livre e não por insetos indutores de galhas. Observou-se também que quanto maior o CAP (circunferência à altura do peito) dos indivíduos do gênero Clethra, maiores as chances dessas plantas abrigarem alta abundância e diversidade de insetos herbívoros, e com isso terem maior perda de área foliar por herbivoria. Ficou claro porém, que a espessura da epiderme é o caráter responsável pela inibição da herbivoria na escala das folhas para os indivíduos de Clethra. Quanto à fenologia, plantas que lançaram folhas no período chuvoso foram mais atacadas por herbívoros. E por fim, as plantas em solo drenado foram mais atacadas por herbívoros, o que pode ter sido um reflexo da maior disponibilidade de recursos para esses indivíduos, sendo uma resposta direta da influência das condições hídricas do solo nas taxas de herbivoria.Item Phenological study of congeneric Myrcia species and Clethra scabra in wetland and drained habitats in a Montane Forest.(2020) Londe, Vinícius; Pereira, Jaqueline Alves; Sousa, Hildeberto Caldas deAlthough important, phenological studies comparing congeneric species or the same species growing in diferent habitats are still scarce for the tropics. Herein, we integrate phylogeny, ecology and biometeorology to verify whether the phenophases of congeneric species Myrcia laruotteana and Myrcia amazonica or Clethra scabra difer when their populations inhabit wetland and drained habitats and to determine what abiotic factors afect the vegetative and reproductive phenophases of these species in distinct habitat patches. We collected data on phenological events of 80 trees for 1 year in Itacolomi State Park, Brazil, and related them to abiotic local factors. Contrary to our expectation, the phenophases of the congeneric species did not difer between habitats, but the reproductive phenophases of C. scabra did and was greater in drained soil. Phenophases of C. scabra were afected by the depth of the water table and maximum temperature in the wetland soil. Insolation, precipitation, maximum temperature and relative humidity infuenced Myrcia and Clethra in the drained soil. The differences between C. scabra populations suggest that this species is phenotypically plastic and can present distinct phenophases depending on the habitat it inhabits. On the other hand, the congeneric Myrcia species may have similar phenophases in distinct habitats because of their shared similarities during their evolution. This study provides a better understanding of the ecology of these species and their adaptations to diferent abiotic conditions. Data of this nature are important in a changing world and can inform strategies for adaptive management.