Navegando por Autor "Macedo, Leandro Roberto de"
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Item Changes in dietary and water use habits after the Doce River contamination with mining tailings.(2022) Lourdes, Eider Bruno de; Santana, Hernani Ciro; Macedo, Leandro Roberto de; Correia, Franciele Silva; Pacheco, Thatiane Cordeiro; Nascimento, Dayenne Paula; Cardoso, Leandro de Morais; Cunha, Luciana Rodrigues da; Pereira, Patrícia Aparecida Pimenta; Bertoldi, Michele CorrêaThe Fundão dam burst polluted watercourses with mining tailings and harmed cities bathed by Doce River, that might have changed eating habits. This study evaluated changes in dietary habits and water use in Araújos Island, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, after contamination of the Doce River with mining tailings. Data were collected in residences through interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. Seventeen months after disaster, 73% of habitants changed water use habits, mainly for cooking (53%). Public supply water (PSW) was partially replaced for other sources, mainly mineral water. Additionally, 54% changed their dietary habits by reduction or interruption of the consumption of freshwater fish (50%), fruit (28%), vegetables (27%) and food made outside the home (40%). Most of them (96%) perceived an addition risk to food production after disaster. Financial (69%) and psychological (55%) damages as well as health risk (39%) were the negative effects most frequently mentioned. Only 13% positively evaluated the quality of PSW while 77% believe PWS may cause some type of damage in foods. Part (59%) did not believe in information regarding potability of PSW. These changes would be associated with healthier lifestyle habits, health risk perception about water quality and safety and lack of confidence about water potability.Item Comparison between classic survival analysis methods and competing risks for analysis of competing events.(2019) Tomaz, Flávia Sílvia Corrêa; Martins Filho, Sebastião; Macedo, Leandro Roberto de; Santos, Cristiane Márcia dosThis study compares two different methods for survival data analysis in the presence of competing events. The first method focused on standard survival analysis, more specifically on obtaining cumulative incidence by using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, modeling the effect of covariates by fitting the Cox proportional hazards model. Competing events were treated as censoring events. The second method, called competing risks, emphasized the achievement of cumulative incidence, modeling the effect of covariates based on the cumulative incidence function and the Fine and Gray model, respectively. To illustrate and compare these two methods, we used data on racehorse injuries. This study considered the following events: injuries due to claudication (main event) and injuries due to other causes (competing event). The results indicated that the incidence for each of the events was overestimated when using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Moreover, the modeling of covariate effects on specific risk fitted by the Cox model did not correspond to the effect on the incidence of this event fitted by the Fine and Gray model.