Navegando por Autor "Kritski, Afranio Lineu"
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Item Evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic tests in children and adolescents at a pediatric reference center.(2022) Rossoni, Andrea Maciel de Oliveira; Lovero, Kathryn L.; Tahan, Tonny T.; Ruffino Netto, Antonio; Rossoni, Marssoni Deconto; Almeida, Isabela Neves de; Lizzi, Elisângela Aparecida da Silva; Kritski, Afranio Lineu; Rodrigues, Cristina O.This study compared the therapeutic potential of the chemotherapy using meglumine antimoniate encapsulated in a mixture of conventional and PEGylated liposomes (Nano Sbv ) and immunotherapy with anti-canine IL-10 receptor-blocking monoclonal antibody (Anti IL-10R) on canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Twenty mongrel dogs naturally infected by L. infantum, displaying clinical signs of visceral leishmaniasis were randomly divided in two groups. In the first one, nine dogs received six intravenous doses of a mixture of conventional and PEGylated liposomes containing meglumine antimoniate at 6.5 mg Sb/kg/dose. In the second one, eleven dogs received two intramuscular doses of 4 mg of anti-canine IL-10 receptor-blocking monoclonal antibody. The animals were evaluated before (T0) and 30, 90, and 180 days after treatments. Our major results demonstrated that both treatments were able to maintain hematological and biochemical parameters, increase circulating T lymphocytes subpopulations, increase the IFN-γ producing T-CD4 lymphocytes, restore the lymphoproliferative capacity and improve the clinical status. However, although these improvements were observed in the initial post-treatment times, they did not maintain until the end of the experimental follow-up. We believe that the use of booster doses or the association of chemotherapy and immunotherapy (immunochemotherapy) is promising to improve the effectiveness of treating CVL for improving the clinical signs and possibly reducing the parasite burden in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum.Item Factors associated with non-completion of latent tuberculosis infection treatment in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil : a non-matched case control study.(2022) Aguiar, Roberta Marques de; Vieira, Maria Armanda Monteiro da Silva; Almeida, Isabela Neves de; Ramalho, Daniela Maria de Paula; Netto, Antonio Ruffino; Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada; Kritski, Afranio LineuIntroduction: There are scarce data on the routine latent tuberculosis infection treatment (LTBIT) and factors associated with a non-completion in high tuberculosis burden countries. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT. Materials and methods: This was a non-matched case control study conducted at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 114 cases and 404 controls were enrolled between January/1999 and December/2009. Cases were close contacts who did not complete the LTBIT and controls were the contacts that completed it. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate risk factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT among contacts in two different periods of recruitment. Results: Factors associated with non-completion LTBIT included: drug use (OR 23.33, 95% CI 1.83---296.1), TB treatment default by the index case (OR 16.97, 95% CI 3.63---79.24) and drug intolerance. TB disease rates after two years of follow up varied from 0.4% to 1.9%. The number necessary to treat to prevent one TB case among contacts was 116. Conclusions: Non-completion treatment by the index case and illicit drug use were associated with not completing latent tuberculosis infection treatment and no tuberculosis disease was identified among those who completed latent tuberculosis infection treatment.Item Genotype®MTBDRplus and Xpert®MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and resistant tuberculosis : cost analysis in a tertiary referral hospital.(2020) Soares, Valéria Martins; Almeida, Isabela Neves de; Vater, Maria Cláudia; Alves, Suely; Figueredo, Lida Jouca de Assis; Scherer, Luciene; Kritski, Afranio Lineu; Carvalho, Wânia da Silva; Miranda, Silvana Spindola deIntroduction: The present study sought to assess the mean and activity based cost (ABC) of the laboratory diagnosis for tuberculosis through the application of conventional and molecular techniques—Xpert®MTB/RIF and Genotype®MTBDRplus—in a tertiary referral hospital in Brazil. Methods: The mean cost and ABC formed the basis for the cost analysis of the TB laboratory diagnosis. Results: The mean cost and ABC were US$ 4.00 and US$ 3.24, respectively, for a bacilloscopy; US$ 6.73 and US$ 5.27 for a Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture; US$ 105.42 and US$ 76.56 for a drug sensitivity test (DST)–proportions method (PM) in LJ; US$ 148.45 and US$ 136.80 for a DST–BACTECTM MGITTM 960 system; US$ 11.53 and US$ 9.89 for an Xpert®MTB/RIF; and US$ 84.21 and US$ 48.38 for a Genotype®MTBDRplus. Conclusions: The mean cost and ABC proved to be good decision-making parameters in the diagnosis of TB and MDR-TB. The effective implementation of algorithms will depend on the conditions at each location.Item Mapping the tuberculosis scientific landscape among BRICS countries : a bibliometric and network analysis.(2020) Castor, Kamaiaji; Mota, Fabio Batista; Silva, Roseli Monteiro da; Cabral, Bernardo Pereira; Maciel, Ethel Leonor; Almeida, Isabela Neves de; Arakaki Sanchez, Denise; Andrade, Kleydson Bonfim; Testov, Vadim; Vasilyeva, Irina; Zhao, Yanlin; Zhang, Hui; Singh, Manjula; Rao, Raghuram; Tripathy, Srikanth; Gray, Glenda; Padayatchi, Nesri; Bhagwandin, Niresh; Swaminathan, Soumya; Kasaeva, Tereza; Kritski, Afranio LineuBACKGROUND The five BRICS (Brazil, Russian, Indian, China, and South Africa) countries bear 49% of the world’s tuberculosis (TB) burden and they are committed to ending tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper is to map the scientific landscape related to TB research in BRICS countries. METHODS Were combined bibliometrics and social network analysis techniques to map the scientific publications related to TB produced by the BRICS. Was made a descriptive statistical data covering the full period of analysis (1993-2016) and the research networks were made for 2007-2016 (8,366 records). The bubble charts were generated by VantagePoint and the networks by the Gephi 0.9.1 software (Gephi Consortium 2010) from co-occurrence matrices produced in VantagePoint. The Fruchterman- Reingold algorithm provided the networks’ layout. FINDINGS During the period 1993-2016, there were 38,315 peer-reviewed, among them, there were 11,018 (28.7%) articles related by one or more authors in a BRICS: India 38.7%; China 23.8%; South Africa 21.1%; Brazil 13.0%; and Russia 4.5% (The total was greater than 100% because our criterion was all papers with at least one author in a BRICS). Among the BRICS, there was greater interaction between India and South Africa and organisations in India and China had the highest productivity; however, South African organisations had more interaction with countries outside the BRICS. Publications by and about BRICS generally covered all research areas, especially those in India and China covered all research areas, although Brazil and South Africa prioritised infectious diseases, microbiology, and the respiratory system. MAIN CONCLUSIONS An overview of BRICS scientific publications and interactions highlighted the necessity to develop a BRICS TB research plan to increase efforts and funding to ensure that basic science research successfully translates into products and policies to help end the TB epidemic.