Navegando por Autor "Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles"
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Item Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest.(2012) Basset, Yves; Cizek, Lukas; Cuénoud, Philippe; Didham, Raphael K.; Guilhaumon, François; Missa, Olivier; Novotny, Vojtech; Ødegaard, Frode; Roslin, Tomas; Schmidl, Jürgen; Tishechkin, Alexey K.; Winchester, Neville N.; Roubik, David W.; Aberlenc, Henri Pierre; Bail, Johannes; Barrios, Héctor; Bridle, Jonathan R.; Meneses, Gabriela Castaño; Corbara, Bruno; Curletti, Gianfranco; Rocha, Wesley Duarte da; Bakker, Domir De; Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles; Dejean, Alain; Fagan, Laura L.; Floren, Andreas; Kitching, Roger L.; Medianero, Enrique; Miller, Scott E.; Oliveira, Evandro Gama de; Orivel, Jérôme; Pollet, Marc; Rapp, Mathieu; Ribeiro, Sérvio Pontes; Roisin, Yves; Schmidt, Jesper B.; Sørensen, Line L.; Leponce, MauriceMost eukaryotic organisms are arthropods. Yet, their diversity in rich terrestrial ecosystems is still unknown. Here we produce tangible estimates of the total species richness of arthropods in a tropical rainforest. Using a comprehensive range of structured protocols, we sampled the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa from the soil to the forest canopy in the San Lorenzo forest, Panama. We collected 6144 arthropod species from 0.48 hectare and extrapolated total species richness to larger areas on the basis of competing models. The whole 6000-hectare forest reserve most likely sustains 25,000 arthropod species. Notably, just 1 hectare of rainforest yields >60% of the arthropod biodiversity held in the wider landscape. Models based on plant diversity fitted the accumulated species richness of both herbivore and nonherbivore taxa exceptionally well. This lends credence to global estimates of arthropod biodiversity developed from plant models.Item Competition, resources and the ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) mosaic : a comparison of upper and lower canopy.(2013) Ribeiro, Sérvio Pontes; Espírito Santo, Nádia Barbosa do; Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles; Majer, Jonathan DavidA canopy crane was used to assess ant defensive behaviour and recruitment at baits in the Parque Natural Metropoli-tano, Panama. Sardine-honey baits were set within a grid of 25 paired upper and lower canopy points, for which co-ordinates and height were recorded. We tested the hypothesis that interactions in the ant mosaic become stronger as one moves from the lower to the upper canopy. We sampled 23 ant species, with Azteca (A. trigona, A. velox, Azteca nr. chartifex, and A. snellingi) being by far the most abundant genus, recruiting to 63% of baits and excluding all other ant genera. Camponotus (Myrmobrachys) sp. 1 also showed a statistically significant exclusion of other ant species over 95% of its occurrence. Cephalotes umbracu-latus and Dolichoderus bispinosus had exclusive occurrences in smaller areas. Exclusion between dominant or sub-dominant species was more frequent in the upper than lower canopy. Permeable borders and territory-free spaces are important for ant species diversity, and were more frequent in the lower canopy. Here, a combination of more costly patrolling conditions and less profitable resources, such as extra-floral nectaries and trophobionts, may be the most likely cause of this pattern. The findings presented here could account for the viewpoint of some that ant mosaics exist in plan-tations but not necessarily in tropical forest canopies.Item IBISCA-Panama, a large-scale study of arthropod beta-diversity and vertical stratification in a lowland rainforest : rationale, study sites and field protocols.(2007) Basset, Yves; Corbara, Bruno; Barrios, Héctor; Cuénoud, Philippe; Leponce, Maurice; Aberlenc, Henri Pierre; Bail, Johannes; Bito, Darren; Bridle, Jonathan R.; Castaño Meneses, Gabriela; Cizek, Lukas; Cornejo, Aydee; Curletti, Gianfranco; Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles; Dejean, Alain; Didham, Raphael K.; Dufrêne, Marc; Fagan, Laura L.; Floren, Andreas; Frame, Dawn M.; Hallé, Francis; Hardy, Olivier J.; Hernandez, Andrés; Kitching, Roger L.; Lewinsohn, Thomas M.; Lewis, Owen T.; Medianero, Enrique; Missa, Olivier; Mitchell, Andrew W.; Mogia, Martin; Novotny, Vojtech; Ødegaard, Frode; Oliveira, Evandro Gama de; Orivel, Jérôme; Ozanne, laire M. P.; Pascal, Olivier; Pinzón, Sara; Rapp, Mathieu; Ribeiro, Sérvio Pontes; Roisin, Yves; Roslin, Tomas; Roubik, David W.; Samaniego, Mirna; Schmidl, Jürgen; Sørensen, Line L.; Tishechkin, Alexey K.; Osselaer, Christian Van; Winchester, Neville N.IBISCA-Panama (“Investigating the BIodiversity of Soil and Canopy Arthropods”, Panama module) represents a large-scale research initiative to quantify the spatial distribution of arthropod biodiversity in a Neotropical forest, using a combination of (1) international collaboration, (2) a set of common research questions, and (3) an integrated experimental design. Here, we present the rationale of the programme, describe the study sites, and outline field protocols. In the San Lorenzo Protected Area of Panama, twelve 20 x 20 m sites, all less than 2 km apart, were surveyed for plants and arthropods, from the ground to the upper canopy. Access to the canopy and its fauna was facilitated by fogging, single-rope techniques and a variety of devices such as a canopy crane, the “SolVin-Bretzel” canopy raft, the canopy bubble and Ikos. IBISCA-Panama represented the first attempt to combine these complementary techniques of canopy access in a large-scale investigation. Such techniques provided spatial replication during initial field work performed in September-October 2003. Temporal replication across seasons consisted of subsequent field work of varying intensity during dry, early wet and late wet periods in 2004. Arthropods were surveyed using 14 different protocols targeting the soil, litter, understorey, mid-canopy and upper canopy habitats. These protocols included: WINKLER sifting; BERLESE-TULLGREN; hand-collecting of galls and social insects; fogging; beating; woodrearing; baits; and various types of traps such as pitfall, small and large flight-interception, sticky, light, and Malaise traps. Currently, analyses of arthropod distribution in this forest concentrate on a set of 63 focal taxa representing different phylogenies and lifehistories. IBISCA-Panama may be considered as a model for largescale research programmes targeting invertebrate biodiversity. Its collaborative modus operandi can be applied to answer a variety of pressing ecological questions related to forest biodiversity, as evidenced by the recent development of further IBISCA programmes in other parts of the world.Item Spatial and functional structure of an entire ant assemblage in a lowland Panamanian rainforest.(2021) Leponcea, Maurice; Corbara, Bruno; Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles; Orivel, Jérôme; Aberlenc, Henri Pierre; Bail, Johannes; Barrios, Héctor; Campos, Ricardo Ildefonso de; Nascimento, Ivan Cardoso do; Compin, Arthur; Didham, Raphael K.; Floren, Andreas; Medianero, Enrique; Ribeiro, Sérvio Pontes; Roisin, Yves; Schmidl, Juergen; Tishechkin, Alexey K.; Winchester, Neville N.; Basset, Yves; Dejean, AlainAnts are a major ecological group in tropical rainforests. Few studies in the Neotropics have documented the distribution of ants from the ground to the canopy, and none have included the understorey. A previous analysis of an intensive arthropod study in Panama, involving 11 sampling methods, showed that the factors influencing ant b diversity (i.e., changes in assem- blage composition) were, in decreasing order of importance, the vertical (height), temporal (season), and horizontal (geographic distance) dimensions. In the present study, we went one step further and aimed (1) to identify the best sampling methods to study the entire ant assemblage across the three strata, (2) to test if all strata show a similar horizontal b diversity and (3) to ana- lyze the functional structure of the entire ant assemblage. We identified 405 ant species from 11 subfamilies and 68 genera. Slightly more species were sampled in the canopy than on the ground; they belonged to distinct sub-assemblages. The under- storey fauna was mainly a mixture of species found in the other two strata. The horizontal b diversity between sites was similar for the three strata. About half of the ant species foraged in two (29%) or three (25%) strata. A single method, aerial flight inter- ception traps placed alongside tree trunks, acting as arboreal pitfall traps, collected half of the species and reflected the vertical stratification. Using the functional traits approach, we observed that generalist species with mid-sized colonies were by far the most numerous (31%), followed by ground- or litter-dwelling species, either specialists (20%), or generalists (16%), and arbo- real species, either generalists (19%) or territorially dominant (8%), and finally army ants (5%). Our results reinforce the idea that a proper understanding of the functioning of ant assemblages requires the inclusion of arboreal ants in survey programs. © 2021 Gesellschaft für Ökologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Item Unraveling the secrets of a double-life fungus by genomics : ophiocordyceps australis CCMB661 displays molecular machinery for both parasitic and endophytic lifestyles.(2023) Menezes, Thaís Almeida de; Aburjaile, Flávia Figueira; Peixoto, Gabriel Quintanilha; Tomé, Luiz Marcelo Ribeiro; Fonseca, Paula Luize Camargos; Pereira, Thairine Mendes; Araújo, Daniel Silva; Melo, Tarcisio Silva; Kato, Rodrigo Bentes; Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles; Ribeiro, Sérvio Pontes; Brenig, Bertram; Azevedo, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho; Santos, Elisandro Ricardo Drechsler; Andrade, Bruno Silva; Góes Neto, AristótelesOphiocordyceps australis (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Ophiocordycipitaceae) is a classic entomopathogenic fungus that parasitizes ants (Hymenoptera, Ponerinae, Ponerini). Nonetheless, according to our results, this fungal species also exhibits a complete set of genes coding for plant cell wall degrading Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes), enabling a full endophytic stage and, consequently, its dual ability to both parasitize insects and live inside plant tissue. The main objective of our study was the sequencing and full characterization of the genome of the fungal strain of O. australis (CCMB661) and its predicted secretome. The assembled genome had a total length of 30.31 Mb, N50 of 92.624 bp, GC content of 46.36%, and 8,043 protein-coding genes, 175 of which encoded CAZymes. In addition, the primary genes encoding proteins and critical enzymes during the infection process and those responsible for the host–pathogen interaction have been identified, including proteases (Pr1, Pr4), aminopeptidases, chitinases (Cht2), adhesins, lectins, lipases, and behavioral manipulators, such as enterotoxins, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs), and Glycoside Hydrolases (GHs). Our findings indicate that the presence of genes coding for Mad2 and GHs in O. australis may facilitate the infection process in plants, suggesting interkingdom colonization. Furthermore, our study elucidated the pathogenicity mechanisms for this Ophiocordyceps species, which still is scarcely studied.