Navegando por Autor "Castro, Thalles de Freitas"

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Acute outcomes of cigarette smoke and electronic cigarette aerosol inhalation in a murine model.
(2022) Silva, Pamela Félix da; Matos, Natália Alves de; Ramos, Camila de Oliveira; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Cigarette smoking throughout life causes serious health issues in the lungs. The electronic cigarette (E-Cig) use increased, since it was first introduced in the world. This research work compared the short-term exposure consequences to e-cigarette vapor and cigarette smoke in male mice. Forty-five C57BL/6 mice were randomized into control (C) in an ambient air exposition cigarette smoke (CS) and aerosol electronic cigarette (EC), both were exposed to 120 puffs, 3 times/day during five days. Then, in the experimental protocol, the euthanized mice had their tissues removed for analysis. Our study showed that CS and EC resulted in higher cell influx into the airways, and an increase in macrophage counts in CS (209.25 ± 7.41) and EC (220.32 ± 8.15) when compared to C (108.40 ± 4.49) (p < 0:0001). The CS (1.92 ± 0.23) displayed a higher pulmonary lipid peroxidation as opposed to C (0.93 ± 0.06) and EC (1.23 ± 0.17) (p < 0:05). The EC (282.30 ± 25.68) and CS (368.50 ± 38.05) promoted increased levels of interleukin 17 when compared to C (177.20 ± 10.49) (p < 0:05). The EC developed shifts in lung histoarchitecture, characterized by a higher volume density in the alveolar air space (60.21; 55.00-65.83) related to C (51.25; 18.75-68.75) and CS (50.26; 43.75-62.08) (p =0.002). The EC (185.6 ± 9.01) presented a higher respiratory rate related to CS (133.6 ± 10.2) (p < 0:002). Therefore, our findings demonstrated that the short-term exposure to e-cig promoted more acute inflammation comparing to cigarette smoke in the ventilatory parameters of the animals.
Aluminum hydroxide nebulization-induced redox imbalance and acute lung inflammation in mice.
(2020) Kozima, Erika Tiemi; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Matos, Natália Alves de; Philips, Nicole Elizabeth; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Purpose: Aluminum is the third most abundant metal in the earth’s crust and is widely used in industry. Chronic contact with aluminum results in a reduction in the activity of electron transport chain complexes, leading to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of short-term exposure of aluminum hydroxide on oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammatory response. Materials and methods: Male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups: control group (CG); phosphate buffered saline group (PBSG) and aluminum hydroxide group (AHG). CG was exposed to ambient air, while PBSG and AHG were exposed to PBS or aluminum hydroxide solutions via nebulization, three times per day for five consecutive days. Twentyfour hours after the last exposure, all animals were euthanized for subsequent analysis. Results: Exposure to aluminum hydroxide in the blood resulted in lower platelet levels, higher neutrophils, and lower monocytes compared to CG and PBSG. Aluminum hydroxide promoted the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lung. Macrophage, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were higher in AHG compared to CG and PBSG. Protein oxidation and superoxide dismutase activity were higher, while catalase activity and reduced and oxidizes glutathione ratio in AHG were lower compared to CG and PBSG. Furthermore, there was an increase in the inflammatory markers CCL2 and IFN-c in AHG compared to CG and PBSG. Conclusion: In conclusion, short-term nebulization with aluminum hydroxide induces the influx of inflammatory cells and oxidative stress in adult BALB/c mice.
Different tidal volumes may jeopardize pulmonary redox and inflammatory status in healthy rats undergoing mechanical ventilation.
(2021) Cândido, Leandro da Silva; Matos, Natália Alves de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Paul, Laisy Cristina de; Santos, Aline Maria dos; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Zin, Walter Araújo; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential for the treatment of critical patients since it may provide a desired gas exchange. However, MV itself can trigger ventilator-associated lung injury in patients. We hypothesized that the mechanisms of lung injury through redox imbalance might also be associated with pulmonary inflammatory status, which has not been so far described. We tested it by delivering different tidal volumes to normal lungs undergoing MV. Healthy Wistar rats were divided into spontaneously breathing animals (control group, CG), and rats were submitted to MV (controlled ventilation mode) with tidal volumes of 4 mL/kg (MVG4), 8 mL/kg (MVG8), or 12 mL/kg (MVG12), zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP), and normoxia (FiO2 = 21%) for 1 hour. After ventilation and euthanasia, arterial blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lungs were collected for subsequent analysis. MVG12 presented lower PaCO2 and bicarbonate content in the arterial blood than CG, MVG4, and MVG8. Neutrophil influx in BALF and MPO activity in lung tissue homogenate were significantly higher in MVG12 than in CG. The levels of CCL5, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in lung tissue homogenate were higher in MVG12 than in CG and MVG4. In the lung parenchyma, the lipid peroxidation was more important in MVG12 than in CG, MVG4, and MVG8, while there was more protein oxidation in MVG12 than in CG and MVG4. The stereological analysis confirmed the histological pulmonary changes in MVG12. The association of controlled mode ventilation and high tidal volume, without PEEP and normoxia, impaired pulmonary histoarchitecture and triggered redox imbalance and lung inflammation in healthy adult rats.
Efeito do consumo da polpa de açaí (Euterpe Oleracea Mart.) sobre biomarcadores inflamatórios em mulheres eutróficas e com sobrepeso.
(2017) Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Volp, Ana Carolina Pinheiro; Freitas, Renata Nascimento de; Oliveira, Fernando Luiz Pereira de; Amaral, Joana Ferreira do; Costa, Daniela Caldeira; Freitas, Renata Nascimento de; Volp, Ana Carolina Pinheiro
A obesidade é uma doença multifatorial dependente de determinantes genéticos e disfunções endócrinas, relacionada, a um processo inflamatório de baixo grau. Efetivamente, o aumento dos estoques de gordura corporal observado na obesidade está associado a complicações metabólicas podendo induzir uma elevação nas concentrações destes biomarcadores inflamatórios. Alguns fatores modulam a inflamação como, por exemplo, a composição corporal, os parâmetros bioquímicos e de dieta; assim como a inflamação também pode modular tais fatores. Assim, a inflamação subclínica, característica do excesso de peso e da obesidade, exerce efeitos diretos sobre o metabolismo de carboidratos e lipídeos, bem como sobre a sensibilidade à insulina, desempenhando a capacidade de modular a composição corporal. Com relação ao fator dietético, o consumo adequado de polifenóis é essencial para manter o equilíbrio metabólico, controlar a inflamação subclínica e tem sido correlacionado com a baixa incidência de doenças crônicas. O açaí é um fruto que possui efeitos antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios. No entanto, poucas são as evidências disponíveis em relação ao seu potencial efeito benéfico na resposta inflamatória. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do consumo da polpa de açaí sobre os biomarcadores inflamatórios em mulheres aparentemente saudáveis. Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção nutricional com dois grupos de voluntários do sexo feminino, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos. A intervenção consistiu no consumo de 200g de polpa de açaí diariamente durante 30 dias consecutivos. As participantes foram selecionadas segundo o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e divididas em dois grupos: 1- eutrofia (IMC: 18,5 a 25 Kg/m2) e 2- excesso de peso (IMC: 26 a 35 Kg/m2). Inicialmente as voluntárias responderam a questionários de dados pessoais e hábitos de vida, escala de atividade física, registro alimentar de 72 horas, bem como foram realizadas medidas antropométricas, de composição corporal pela bioimpedância (BIA) e coleta de sangue. Por meio da coleta de sangue serão analisadas variáveis bioquímicas e marcadores inflamatórios (TNF-α, sCD40L, PCR, RANTES). Será realizado teste de Shapiro-Wilk para verificar a normalidade da distribuição dos dados e os testes t-Student pareado e Wilcoxon pareado para avaliar o efeito da intervenção utilizando o software PASW Statistics 18 (significância de 5%). Notou-se diferença significativa entre os grupos antes da intervenção exclusivamente para medidas antropométricas e de composição corporal na estratificação pelo IMC. Após a intervenção com o açaí, as voluntárias com excesso de peso, aumentaram suas concentrações de sCD40L e as voluntárias com as concentrações do sCD40l abaixo da mediana diminuíram as concentrações de RANTES. O sCD40L no grupos das voluntárias com peso normal correlacionou-se positivamente com colesterol (r= 0,42); LDL (r= 0,455), em relação ao grupo com excesso de peso a correlação foi positiva com RANTES (0,52); e negativa com IMC (r= -0,63); gordura corporal (r= -0,53); pressão arterial diastólica (r= -0,657) (p< 0,05). Já pela estratificação da mediana o sCD40L teve correlação negativa com o consumo de lipídeo (r= -0,485) nas voluntárias com o o marcador abaixo da mediana e para aquelas com o valor acima da mediana as correlações foram negativas com as pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica (r= -0,403 e r= -0,498; respectivamente) (p< 0,01). A regressão linear simples mostrou que a RANTES explica o marcador sCD40L (p< 0,05). Houve uma redistribuição e redimensionamento da gordura corporal para a área do tronco, sendo presumível o aumento de gordura visceral, contudo o padrão alimentar e o estado nutricional foram conservados antes e após a intervenção.
Efeitos da associação entre a desnutrição proteica e a exposição à fumaça de cigarro no desenvolvimento pulmonar da prole de camundongos C57bl/6.
(2022) Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Silva, Breno de Mello; Souza, Bruna Romana de; Silva, Glenda Nicioli da; Russo, Remo de Castro; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de
Estudos demonstram que tanto a dieta pobre em proteínas quanto o tabagismo durante a gestação são prejudiciais ao feto em desenvolvimento e pós-nascimento, sendo relatado baixo peso ao nascer, alterações metabólicas, comprometimento renal e cardiovascular. No entanto, existem informações limitadas destes insultos sobre o comprometimento pulmonar, o que nos levou a analisar os efeitos da associação entre a desnutrição proteica e a exposição à fumaça de cigarro durante a gestação no desenvolvimento pulmonar da prole de camundongos C57BL/6. Para isto, as fêmeas grávidas foram alimentadas com: dieta padrão (grupo controle, GC, contendo 22% de proteína); dieta com baixo teor proteico (GRP, contendo 6% de proteína); dieta padrão associada à exposição a fumaça de cigarro (GFC); dieta com baixo teor proteico associada à fumaça de cigarro (GRFC). Após a realização dos protocolos experimentais, os descendentes machos de cada grupo foram divididos aleatoriamente em: Estudo 1, grupos GC e GRP, avaliando os recém-nascidos de 24 horas e 31 dias após o nascimento; Estudo 2, grupos GC, GRP, GFC e GRFC, avaliando os recém- nascidos de 24 horas após o nascimento. Foram avaliadas a massa corporal e pulmonar, o comprimento, a massa relativa e densidade pulmonares e coletados o sangue, o lavado broncoalveolar e o pulmão da prole. No estudo 1, no GRP (24 horas) houve redução nos valores de massa corporal e pulmonar, comprimento, massa relativa e densidade pulmonar, maior peroxidação lipídica, estresse oxidativo e inflamação e alterações no parênquima pulmonar quando comparado ao GC. No GRP com 31 dias, houve redução dos valores de massa corporal e pulmonar, aumento do estresse oxidativo e inflamação, modificações na histoarquitetura pulmonar, comparado ao GC. No estudo 2, houve interação entre a dieta com restrição proteica e exposição à fumaça de cigarro comprometendo a massa corporal e pulmonar, o comprimento, a massa relativa e densidade pulmonares, o parênquima pulmonar, o estresse oxidativo e inflamação nos grupos GRP, GFC e GRFC quando comparados ao GC. Observou-se aumento da expressão gênica de NF-κB e IL-1beta no GRP e GRFC comparados ao GFC, e também de MMP-9 no GFC e GRFC comparados ao GRP. Concluimos que à restrição proteica e exposição à fumaça do cigarro influenciam o peso ao nascer, portanto podem alterar o desenvolvimento pulmonar da prole como consequência dos processos inflamatórios e estresse oxidativo no parênquima pulmonar.
Effects in vitro and in vivo of hesperidin administration in an experimental model of acute lung inflammation.
(2022) Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Matos, Natália Alves de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Oliveira, Laser Antônio Machado de; Nogueira, Katiane de Oliveira Pinto Coelho; Ribeiro, Iara Mariana Léllis; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a tool used in critical patient care. However, it can trigger inflammatory and oxidative processes capable of causing or aggravating lung injuries, which is known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Hesperidin is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases. The role of hesperidin in the process triggered by MV is poorly studied. Thus, we hypothesize hesperidin could protect the lung of mice submitted to mechanical ventilation. For that, we evaluated cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in macrophages using different hesperidin concentrations. We observed hes- peridin did not reduce cell viability, however; it attenuated the production of intracellular ROS in cells stimu- lated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We further evaluated the effects of hesperidin in vivo in animals submitted to MV. In the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, there were higher levels of macrophage, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts in animals submitted to MV, indicating an inflammatory process. In the lung tissue, MV induced oxidative damage and increased myeloperoxidase activity, though the antioxidant enzyme activity decreased. MV also induced the production of the inflammatory mediators CCL-2, TNF-α and IL-12. Pretreatment with hesperidin resulted in less recruitment of inflammatory cells to the airways and less oxidative damage. Also, it reduced the formation of CCL-2 and IL-12. Our results show pretreatment with hesperidin can protect the lungs of mice submitted to mechanical ventilation by modulating the inflammatory response and redox imbalance and may act to prevent MV injury.
Effects of a lycopene-layered double hydroxide composite administration in cells and lungs of adult mice.
(2023) Carvalho, Iriane Marques de; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Menezes, Tatiana Prata; Dias, Andreia da Silva; Oliveira, Laser Antônio Machado de; Nogueira, Katiane de Oliveira Pinto Coelho; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Carbajal Arízaga, Gregorio Guadalupe; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Lycopene is a natural compound with one of the highest antioxidant activities. Its consumption is associated with lower risks in lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, for example. Experimentally, a murine model demonstrated the ingestion of lycopene, which reduced the damage in lungs caused by cigarette smoke. Since lycopene is highly hydrophobic, its formulations in supplements and preparations for laboratory assays are based on oils, additionally, bioavailavility is low. We developed a lycopene layered double hydroxide (Lyc-LDH) composite, which is capable of transporting lycopene aqueous media. Our objective was to evaluate the cyto- toxicity of Lyc-LDH and the intra-cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in J774A.1 cells. Also, in vivo assays were conducted with 50 male C57BL/6 mice intranasally treated with Lyc-LDH 10 mg/kg (LG10), Lyc-LDH 25 mg/kg (LG25) and Lyc-LDH 50 mg/kg (LG50) during five days compared against a vehicle (VG) and control (CG) group. The blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were analyzed. The results revealed that Lyc-LDH composite attenuated intracellular ROS production stimulated with lipopolysacharide. In BALF, the highest doses of Lyc-LDH (LG25 and LG50) promoted influx of macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils compared to CG and VG. Also, LG50 increased the levels of IL-6 and IL-13, and promoted the redox imbalance in the pulmonary tissue. On the contrary, low concentrations did not produce significative effects. In conclusion, our results suggest that intranasal administration of high concentrations of Lyc-LDH in- duces inflammation as well as redox status changes in the lungs of healthy mice, however, results with low concentrations open a promising way to study LDH composites as vehicles for intranasal administration of antioxidant coadjuvants.
Exogenous surfactant prevents hyperoxiainduced lung injury in adult mice.
(2019) Bezerra, Frank Silva; Ramos, Camila de Oliveira; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Cartelle, Christiane Teixeira; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Brochard, Laurent Jean; Nagato, Akinori Cardozo
Background: In addition to the risk of developing ventilator-induced lung injury, patients with ARDS are at risk of developing hyperoxic injury due the supra-physiological oxygen supplementation clinically required to reverse hypoxemia. Alterations of endogenous surfactant system participate in the pulmonary dysfunction observed in ARDS. Administration of exogenous surfactant could have protective effects during hyperoxia. Methods: Male BALB/c mice (8–10 weeks), a strain highly sensitive to hyperoxia, received the exogenous surfactant-containing protein SP-B and SP-C by intranasal instillation 12 h before starting 24 h of exposure to hyperoxia in an inhalation chamber and were compared to mice receiving hyperoxia alone and to controls subjected to normoxia. Results: Compared to the hyperoxia group, the administration of exogenous surfactante was able to reduce lung inflammation through a reduction in the influx of neutrophils and inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF, IL-17, and HMGB1 expression. The antioxidante activity prevented oxidative damage by reducing lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation and increasing superoxide dismutase activity when compared to the hyperoxia group. Conclusion: Our results offer new perspectives on the effects and the mechanism of exogenous surfactant in protecting the airway and lungs, in oxygen-rich lung microenvironment, against oxidative damage and aggravation of acute inflammation induced by hyperoxia.
Long-term e-cigarette aerosol exposure causes pulmonary emphysema in adult female and male mice.
(2023) Rodriguez Herrera, Andrea Jazel; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Marcano Gomez, Elena Cecilia; Menezes, Tatiana Prata; Castro, Maria Laura da Cruz; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Costa, Daniela Caldeira; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Bezerra, Frank Silva
This study aimed to evaluate long-term exposure to conventional cigarette smoke (CC) and electronic cigarette (EC) aerosol in adult male and female C57BL/6 mice. Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice were used, male (n = 24) and female (n = 24), both were divided into three groups: control, CC and EC. The CC and EC groups were exposed to cigarette smoke or electronic cigarette aerosol, respectively, 3 times a day for 60 consecutive days. Afterwards, they were maintained for 60 days without exposure to cigarettes or electronic cigarette aerosol. Both cigarettes promoted an influx of inflammatory cells to the lung in males and females. All animals exposed to CC and EC showed an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. There was an increase of IL-6 in males and females exposed to EC. The IL-13 levels were higher in the females exposed to EC and CC. Both sexes exposed to EC and CC presented tissue damage characterized by septal destruction and increased alveolar spaces compared to control. Our results demonstrated that exposure to CC and EC induced pulmonary emphysema in both sexes, and females seem to be more susceptible to EC.
Lycopene ameliorates liver inflammation and redox status in mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke.
(2021) Rocha, Daniela Fonseca Abdo; Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas
Mayaro virus induction of oxidative stress is associated with liver pathology in a non-lethal mouse model.
(2019) Caetano, Camila Carla da Silva; Camini, Fernanda Caetano; Almeida, Letícia Trindade; Ferraz, Ariane Coelho; Silva, Tales Fernando da; Lima, Rafaela Lameira Souza; Carvalho, Mayara Medeiros de Freitas; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Silva, Breno de Mello; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Magalhães, José Carlos de; Magalhães, Cíntia Lopes de Brito
Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes Mayaro fever in humans, a self-limiting acute disease, with persistent arthralgia and arthritis. Although MAYV has a remerging potential, its pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we characterized a model of MAYV infection in 3–4-week BALB/c mice. We investigated whether the liver acts as a site of viral replication and if the infection could cause histopathological alterations and an imbalance in redox homeostasis, culminating with oxidative stress. MAYV-infected mice revealed lower weight gain; however, the disease was self-resolving. High virus titre, neutralizing antibodies, and increased levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases were detected in the serum. Infectious viral particles were recovered in the liver of infected animals and the histological examination of liver tissues revealed significant increase in the inflammatory infiltrate. MAYV induced significant oxidative stress in the liver of infected animals, as well as a deregulation of enzymatic antioxidant components. Collectively, this is the first study to report that oxidative stress occurs in MAYV infection in vivo, and that it may be crucial in virus pathogenesis. Future studies are warranted to address the alternative therapeutic strategies for Mayaro fever, such as those based on antioxidant compounds.
Oral formulation of Angiotensin-(1-7) promotes therapeutic actions in a model of eosinophilic and meutrophilic asthma.
(2021) Magalhães, Giselle Santos; Gregório, Juliana Fabiana; Ribeiro, Arthur Tonani Pereira Cançado; Baroni, Isis Felippe; Vasconcellos, Ana Victoria de Oliveira; Nakashima, Gabriela Pansanato; Oliveira, Isabel Fusaro Aguiar; Matos, Natália Alves de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Sinisterra, Ruben Dario; Pinho, Vanessa; Teixeira, Mauro Martins; Santos, Robson Augusto Souza dos; Machado, Maria da Glória Rodrigues; Santos, Maria José Campagnole dos
The presence of eosinophils and neutrophils in the lungs of asthmatic patients is associated with the severity of the disease and resistance to corticosteroids. Thus, defective resolution of eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation is importantly related to exacerbation of asthma. In this study, we investigated a therapeutic action of angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) in a model of asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Balb-c mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA. Twentythree hours after the last OVA challenge, experimental groups received LPS, and 1 h and 7 h later, mice were treated with oral formulation of Ang-(1-7). On the next day, 45 h after the last challenge with OVA, mice were subjected to a test of motor and exploratory behavior; 3 h later, lung function was evaluated, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected. Motor and exploratory activities were lower in OVA + LPSchallenged mice. Treatment with Ang-(1-7) improved these behaviors, normalized lung function, and reduced eosinophil, neutrophil, myeloperoxidase (MPO), eosinophilic peroxidase (EPO), and ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK1/2) in the lungs. In addition, Ang-(1-7) decreased the deposition of mucus and extracellular matrix in the airways. These results extended those of previous studies by demonstrating that oral administration of Ang-(1-7) at the peak of pulmonary inflammation can be valuable for the treatment of neutrophil- and eosinophil-mediated asthma. Therefore, these findings potentially provide a new drug to reverse the natural history of the disease, unlike the current standards of care that manage the disease symptoms at best.
Protective effects of quercetin on livers from mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke.
(2020) Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Oliveira, Michel Ângelo das Graças Silva; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Matos, Natália Alves de; Vieira, Paula Melo de Abreu; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas
Cigarette smoke is highly toxic, and it can promote increased production of reactive species and inflammatory response and leads to liver diseases. Quercetin is a flavonoid that displays antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in liver diseases. This study aimed at evaluating the protective effects of quercetin on livers from mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke exposure. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups: control (CG), vehicle (VG), quercetin (QG), cigarette smoke (CSG), quercetin, and cigarette smoke (QCSG). CSG and QCSG were exposed to cigarette smoke for sixty consecutive days; at the end of the exposures, all animals were euthanized. Mice that received quercetin daily and were exposed to cigarette smoke showed a reduced influx of inflammatory cells, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, and histopathological changes in the liver, compared to CSG. These results suggest that quercetin may be an effective adjuvant for treating damage to the liver due to cigarette smoke exposure.
Protein restriction during pregnancy affects lung development and promotes oxidative stress and inflammation in C57 BL/6 mice offspring.
(2022) Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Matos, Natália Alves de; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Perucci, Luiza Oliveira; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal protein restriction during pregnancy on the lungs of 1-d and 31-d old offspring of C57BL/6 mice. Methods: The C57BL/6 mice (810 wk) were used for breeding. After pregnancy confirmation, female mice were randomly divided into a control group (CG) receiving a standard diet (22% protein) and a protein- restriction group (PRG) receiving a low-protein diet (6% protein). In the low-protein diet, protein was replaced by carbohydrate. After parturition, female mice that received the low-protein diet were fed the standard diet. Male offspring were euthanized 1 d and 31 d after birth for subsequent analysis. We evaluated the effects of a protein-restricted diet during gestation in pulmonary organogenesis, lung oxidative stress, and pulmonary inflammatory response of the offspring. Results: PRG mice 1 d after birth showed lower body and lung mass, length, relative mass, lung density, and erythrocyte count compared with CG mice. There was an increase in alveolar airspace density and a higher mean linear intercept (Lm), greater oxidative damage, and inflammation in PRG mice compared with CG mice. At 31 d after birth, PRG mice had lower body mass, length, and lung mass values compared with CG mice. PRG mice showed greater recruitment of inflammatory cells to the airways. In addition, there was increased collagen deposition in the lungs, altered inflammatory mediators, and greater oxidative damage compared with CG mice. Conclusions: Protein restriction during pregnancy reduces the body weight of offspring and promotes inflam- mation and oxidative stress, resulting in a simplification of the lung structure.
Quercetin improves pulmonary function and prevents emphysema caused by exposure to cigarette smoke in male mice.
(2022) Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Matos, Natália Alves de; Oliveira, Michel; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Souza, Débora Maria Soares de; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and cigarette smoke is a key factor in the development of COPD. Thus, the development of effective therapies to prevent the advancement of COPD has become increasingly essential. We hypothesized that quercetin protects lungs in mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke. Thirty-five C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (12 cigarettes per day) for 60 days and pretreated with 10 mg/kg/day of quercetin via orogastric gavage. After the experimental protocol, the animals were euthanized and samples were collected for histopathological, antioxi- dant defense, oxidative stress and inflammatory analysis. The animals exposed to cigarette smoke showed an increase in respiratory rate and hematological parameters, cell influx into the airways, oxidative damage and inflammatory mediators, besides presenting with alterations in the pulmonary histoarchitecture. The animals receiving 10 mg/kg/day of quercetin that were exposed to cigarette smoke presented a reduction in cellular influx, less oxidative damage, reduction in cytokine levels, improvement in the histological pattern and improvement in pulmonary emphysema compared to the group that was only exposed to cigarette smoke. These results suggest that quercetin may be an agent in preventing pulmonary emphysema induced by cigarette smoke.
Sigh maneuver protects healthy lungs during mechanical ventilation in adult Wistar rats.
(2020) Silva, Andrea Cristiane Lopes da; Matos, Natália Alves de; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Cândido, Leandro da Silva; Oliveira, Michel Ângelo das Graças Silva; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a tool used for the treatment of patients with acute or chronic respiratory failure. However, MV is a non-physiological resource, and it can cause metabolic disorders such as release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and production of reactive oxygen species. In clinical setting, maneuvers such as sigh, are used to protect the lungs. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of sigh on oxidative stress and lung inflammation in healthy adult Wistar rats submitted to MV. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (CG), mechanical ventilation (MVG), MV set at 20 sighs/h (MVG20), and MV set at 40 sighs/h (MVG40). The MVG, MVG20, and MVG40 were submitted to MV for 1 h. After the protocol, all animals were euthanized and the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lungs were collected for subsequent analysis. In the arterial blood, MVG40 presented higher partial pressure of oxygen and lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide compared to control. The levels of bicarbonate in MVG20 were lower compared to CG. The neutrophil influx in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was higher in the MVG compared to CG and MVG40. In the lung parenchyma, the lipid peroxidation was higher in MVG compared to CG, MVG20, and MVG40. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were higher in MVG compared to CG, MVG20, and MVG40. The levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF in the lung homogenate were higher in MVG compared to CG, MVG20, and MVG40. The use of sigh plays a protective role as it reduced redox imbalance and pulmonary inflammation caused by MV.
The ACAI (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp comsumption improves blood pressure levels in women with higher concentrations of Interferon-gamma.
(2019) Gomes, Simone Fátima; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Silva, F. C.; Amaral, Joana Ferreira do; Oliveira, Fernando Luiz Pereira de; Barbosa, Priscila Oliveira; Pala, Daniela; Silva, Carla Teixeira; Freitas, Renata Nascimento de; Volp, Ana Carolina Pinheiro
Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is associated with the inflammatory responses modulation, which could culminate in chronic metabolic diseases. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. mart.) pulp consumption on the anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters in women clinically healthy, with IFN-γ, respectively, smaller and higher than 5 pg/mL. Twenty four women in G1 (with IFN-γ concentrations smaller than 5 pg/mL) and sixteen in G2 (with IFN-γ concentrations greater than 5 pg / mL), consumed 200g per day of acai pulp during four weeks. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, biochemical and clinical data were evaluated before and after the intervention. After the intervention, there were significant reductions in diastolic blood pressure (p=0.035) and in plasma leptin concentrations (p=0.006) of G2 volunteers, while G1 volunteers did not present significant changes in these parameters. The acai pulp consumption during four weeks did not change metabolic homeostasis in the volunteers with IFN-γ smaller than 5 pg/mL and promotes a potential protective effect to metabolic diseases in that with IFN-γ higher than 5 pg/mL.
The deleterious impact of exposure to different inhaled anesthetics is time dependent.
(2022) Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Perucci, Luiza Oliveira; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Bezerra, Frank Silva
In this study, the effects of exposure to isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane on the oxidative response and inflammation at different times was analyzed in the lungs of adult C57BL/6 mice. 120 animals were divided into 3 groups (n = 40): Isoflurane (ISO), Sevoflurane (SEV) and Desflurane (DES) and exposed to these anesthetics for 1 h (n = 10), 2 h (n = 10) and 3 h (n = 10), at a minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) equal to 1. The control group (CG) (n = 10) was exposed to ambient air. 24 h after the experimental protocol, the animals were euthanized and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), blood and lung tissue samples were collected. In the BALF, animals exposed to isoflurane for 2 h and 3 h showed a greater influx of leukocytes, especially macro- phages compared to the CG. The ISO3h had lower leukocyte counts in the peripheral blood compared to CG, ISO1h and ISO2h. There was an increase in CCL-2 levels in the ISO3h compared to the CG. Superoxide dismutase activity was higher in ISO1h compared to CG. The activity of catalase was higher in the ISO1h and ISO2h compared to the CG. The lipid peroxidation, as well as carbonylated protein were higher in the ISO3h compared to the CG (p < 0.05). Similar results were observed in the exposure of SEV and DES compared to inflammation and redox imbalance in different periods. This study demonstrated that time is a determinant to promote a local and systemic inflammatory response to different inhalational anesthetics in a healthy murine model.
The effects of different body positions on pulmonary function in healthy adults.
(2022) Silveira, Keller Guimarães; Matos, Natália Alves de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Bezerra, Olívia Maria de Paula Alves; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Introduction: Pulmonary function testing, or spirometry, is a validated, globally recognized test that contributes to the diagnosis, staging, and longitudinal follow-up of lung diseases. The exam is most often performed in a sitting position in clinical practice; hence, there are no predicted values for its performance in other positions, such as in different decubitus. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of position on pulmonary function test results in healthy adults. Methods: Fortytwo healthy adults of both sexes, divided into male (MG) and female groups (FG), were provided respiratory questionnaires. Subsequently, the pulmonary function test was conducted to evaluate the ventilatory parameters of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC ratio in the sitting (S), dorsal decubitus (DD), right lateral decubitus (RLD), and left lateral decubitus (LLD) positions. A comparison of the parametric data was performed via one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Correlations between the S position variables along with the other positions were evaluated using the Pearson test. Results: The mean and standard error for the FVC values of the MG at positions DD (4.3 ± 0.7/L), RLD (4.1 ± 0.6/L) and LLD (4.1 ± 0.6/L) were lower when compared to S (5.05 ± 0.6 L). There was a strong positive correlation between the values of FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC in the S position compared to other positions analyzed in both groups. Conclusion: Body positioning altered the parameters of the pulmonary function test in healthy adults.
The effects of different ventilatory modes in female adult rats submitted to mechanical ventilation.
(2021) Almeida, Matheus Rocha; Horta, Jacques Gabriel Álvares; Matos, Natália Alves de; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Cândido, Leandro da Silva; Andrade, Mônica Campos; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Bezerra, Frank Silva
This study aimed to analyze the effects of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) modes in female Wistar rats. 18 Wistar female adult rats were divided into three groups: control (CG), pressure-controlled ventilation (PCVG), and volume-controlled ventilation (VCVG). PCVG and VCVG were submitted to MV for one hour with a tidal volume (TV) of 8 mL/Kg, respiratory rate of 80 breaths/min, and positive end-expiratory pressure of 0 cmH2O. At the end of the experiment, all animals were euthanized. The neutrophils and lymphocytes influx to lung were higher in VCVG and PCVG compared to CG. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and myeloperoxidase were higher in PCVG compared to CG. There was an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in PCVG compared to CG. The levels of CCL3 and CCL5 were higher in PCVG compared to CG. In conclusions, the PCV mode promoted structural changes in the lung parenchyma, redox imbalance and inflammation in healthy adult female rats submitted to MV.