Navegando por Autor "Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva"

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Acute outcomes of cigarette smoke and electronic cigarette aerosol inhalation in a murine model.
(2022) Silva, Pamela Félix da; Matos, Natália Alves de; Ramos, Camila de Oliveira; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Cigarette smoking throughout life causes serious health issues in the lungs. The electronic cigarette (E-Cig) use increased, since it was first introduced in the world. This research work compared the short-term exposure consequences to e-cigarette vapor and cigarette smoke in male mice. Forty-five C57BL/6 mice were randomized into control (C) in an ambient air exposition cigarette smoke (CS) and aerosol electronic cigarette (EC), both were exposed to 120 puffs, 3 times/day during five days. Then, in the experimental protocol, the euthanized mice had their tissues removed for analysis. Our study showed that CS and EC resulted in higher cell influx into the airways, and an increase in macrophage counts in CS (209.25 ± 7.41) and EC (220.32 ± 8.15) when compared to C (108.40 ± 4.49) (p < 0:0001). The CS (1.92 ± 0.23) displayed a higher pulmonary lipid peroxidation as opposed to C (0.93 ± 0.06) and EC (1.23 ± 0.17) (p < 0:05). The EC (282.30 ± 25.68) and CS (368.50 ± 38.05) promoted increased levels of interleukin 17 when compared to C (177.20 ± 10.49) (p < 0:05). The EC developed shifts in lung histoarchitecture, characterized by a higher volume density in the alveolar air space (60.21; 55.00-65.83) related to C (51.25; 18.75-68.75) and CS (50.26; 43.75-62.08) (p =0.002). The EC (185.6 ± 9.01) presented a higher respiratory rate related to CS (133.6 ± 10.2) (p < 0:002). Therefore, our findings demonstrated that the short-term exposure to e-cig promoted more acute inflammation comparing to cigarette smoke in the ventilatory parameters of the animals.
Avaliação do estado nutricional de escolares de três comunidades rurais de Ouro Preto, MG : subsídios para o planejamento de políticas públicas de promoção da segurança alimentar e nutricional.
(Avaliação do estado nutricional de escolares de três comunidades rurais de Ouro Preto, MG : subsídios para o planejamento de políticas públicas de promoção da segurança alimentar e nutricional., 2009) Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Galvão, Márcio Antônio Moreira
O estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes reflete as condições de vida e de saúde da população de um país. Portanto, seu conhecimento e vigilância são importantes, pois tanto a desnutrição quanto a obesidade, bem como as carências nutricionais (principalmente vitamina A e ferro) levam a um aumento nos índices de morbimortalidade. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o estado nutricional e identificar a prevalência de anemia, hipovitaminose A e parasitoses intestinais em escolares das comunidades de Bandeiras, Santo Antônio e Serra dos Cardosos, localidades rurais pertencentes ao município de Ouro Preto, MG, de modo a contribuir para a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas no âmbito municipal. Participaram do estudo 125 escolares com idade entre 6 e 15 anos. O estado nutricional foi determinado utilizando os indicadores IMC por idade e altura para idade, segundo parâmetro estabelecido por WHO, 2007, a hemoglobina sérica e os níveis de retinol no soro foram classificados segundo critérios da OMS e o exame parasitológico utilizou o método de sedimentação espontânea. A avaliação do estado nutricional segundo o IMC por Idade revelou que 86,1% deles estavam eutróficos, 6,6% apresentavam baixo IMC para idade, 5,7% apresentavam sobrepeso e 1,6% estavam obesos. Já o estado nutricional pregresso, determinado pelo índice Altura por Idade, revelou que 89,3% se encontravam eutróficos e 10,7% apresentaram baixa estatura para a idade. A análise da concentração da hemoglobina sérica mostrou que 16% dos escolares se encontravam anêmicos e os níveis séricos de retinol revelaram que 6,2% deles apresentavam níveis baixos ou deficientes de Vitamina A sérica, caracterizando, segundo a OMS, a hipovitaminose A como problema de saúde pública na região estudada. Parasitose intestinal foi diagnosticada em 64,0% dos escolares, sendo que destes, 45,2% apresentavam duas ou mais espécies de parasitas. Os achados sugerem que a população estudada encontra-se em situação de risco nutricional, especialmente para anemia e hipovitaminose A.
Avaliação do potencial terapêutico da quercetina sobre o desequilíbrio redox e inflamação em células e camundongos expostos à fumaça de cigarro.
(2021) Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Souza, Gustavo Henrique Bianco de; Araújo, Raquel Silva; Cardoso, Valbert Nascimento; Zin, Walter Araújo
A fumaça de cigarro é altamente tóxica e a sua inalação promove o aumento da produção de espécies reativas, bem como uma resposta inflamatória pulmonar e sistêmica em seja em modelos experimentais ou em humanos. A quercetina é um potente antioxidante dietético que exibe atividades antiinflamatórias. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da quercetina na redução do desequilíbrio redox e da inflamação induzidos pela exposição, in vitro e in vivo, em curto e longo prazo, à fumaça do cigarro. In vitro, a quercetina nas concentrações de 25 e 50 μM, atenuou os efeitos do extrato da fumaça do cigarro diminuindo a geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio e óxido nítrico em macrófagos alveolares J774A.1. In vivo, camundongos machos C57BL/6 foram divididos em cinco grupos: controle (CG), veículo (VG), quercetina (QG), fumaça de cigarro (CSG), quercetina e fumaça de cigarro (QCSG). CSG e QCSG foram expostos à fumaça de cigarro por cinco e sessenta dias consecutivos. Ao término do protocolo experimental, os animais foram eutanasiados e foram retirados o lavado broncoalveolar, o sangue, o tecido pulmonar e hepático. Os camundongos que receberam 10 mg/kg/dia de quercetina diluída em uma solução de propilenoglicol/Salina (50%) via gavagem orogástrica, uma hora antes da primeira exposição à fumaça de cigarro por cinco dias, apresentaram uma diminuição no influxo de leucócitos no lavado broncoalveolar, reestabelecendo o desequilíbrio redox, com isso, preservando o padrão histológico do parênquima pulmonar e a função pulmonar em comparação com o grupo exposto à fumaça de cigarro. No segundo estudo, os camundongos que receberam a mesma dose de QC antes da exposição à fumaça de cigarro por 60 dias apresentaram um menor influxo de células inflamatórias, estresse oxidativo, reação inflamatória e alterações histopatológicas no fígado em comparação aos animais expostos a fumaça de cigarro. Esses resultados sugerem que a quercetina atuou de forma preventiva em células e tecidos de diferentes modelos experimentais de exposição a fumaça de cigarro.
Exogenous surfactant prevents hyperoxiainduced lung injury in adult mice.
(2019) Bezerra, Frank Silva; Ramos, Camila de Oliveira; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Cartelle, Christiane Teixeira; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Brochard, Laurent Jean; Nagato, Akinori Cardozo
Background: In addition to the risk of developing ventilator-induced lung injury, patients with ARDS are at risk of developing hyperoxic injury due the supra-physiological oxygen supplementation clinically required to reverse hypoxemia. Alterations of endogenous surfactant system participate in the pulmonary dysfunction observed in ARDS. Administration of exogenous surfactant could have protective effects during hyperoxia. Methods: Male BALB/c mice (8–10 weeks), a strain highly sensitive to hyperoxia, received the exogenous surfactant-containing protein SP-B and SP-C by intranasal instillation 12 h before starting 24 h of exposure to hyperoxia in an inhalation chamber and were compared to mice receiving hyperoxia alone and to controls subjected to normoxia. Results: Compared to the hyperoxia group, the administration of exogenous surfactante was able to reduce lung inflammation through a reduction in the influx of neutrophils and inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF, IL-17, and HMGB1 expression. The antioxidante activity prevented oxidative damage by reducing lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation and increasing superoxide dismutase activity when compared to the hyperoxia group. Conclusion: Our results offer new perspectives on the effects and the mechanism of exogenous surfactant in protecting the airway and lungs, in oxygen-rich lung microenvironment, against oxidative damage and aggravation of acute inflammation induced by hyperoxia.
Protective effects of quercetin on livers from mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke.
(2020) Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Oliveira, Michel Ângelo das Graças Silva; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Matos, Natália Alves de; Vieira, Paula Melo de Abreu; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas
Cigarette smoke is highly toxic, and it can promote increased production of reactive species and inflammatory response and leads to liver diseases. Quercetin is a flavonoid that displays antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in liver diseases. This study aimed at evaluating the protective effects of quercetin on livers from mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke exposure. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups: control (CG), vehicle (VG), quercetin (QG), cigarette smoke (CSG), quercetin, and cigarette smoke (QCSG). CSG and QCSG were exposed to cigarette smoke for sixty consecutive days; at the end of the exposures, all animals were euthanized. Mice that received quercetin daily and were exposed to cigarette smoke showed a reduced influx of inflammatory cells, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, and histopathological changes in the liver, compared to CSG. These results suggest that quercetin may be an effective adjuvant for treating damage to the liver due to cigarette smoke exposure.
Quercetin attenuates acute lung injury caused by cigarette smoke both in vitro and in vivo.
(2020) Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Matos, Natália Alves de; Mota, Suianne Letícia Antunes; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Cigarette smoke is highly toxic and is a major risk factor for airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and decline in lung function—the starting points for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Quercetin is a potent dietary antioxidant that displays anti-inflammatory activities. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of quercetin on reducing the redox imbalance and inflammation induced by short-term cigarette smoke exposure. In vitro, 25 and 50 lM quercetin attenuated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (increased generation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide) on J774A.1 cells (macrophages). We further examined the effects of quercetin in vivo. Male C57Bl/6 mice that received 10 mg/kg/day of quercetin via orogastric gavage before exposure to five days of cigarette smoke demonstrated reduced levels of leukocyte, oxidative stress, histological pattern changes of pulmonary parenchyma, and lung function alterations compared to the group that did not receive quercetin. These results suggest that quercetin may be an effective adjuvant for treating the effects of cigarette smoke exposure.
Quercetin improves pulmonary function and prevents emphysema caused by exposure to cigarette smoke in male mice.
(2022) Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Matos, Natália Alves de; Oliveira, Michel; Souza, Ana Beatriz Farias de; Castro, Thalles de Freitas; Machado Júnior, Pedro Alves; Souza, Débora Maria Soares de; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Cangussú, Silvia Dantas; Menezes, Rodrigo Cunha Alvim de; Bezerra, Frank Silva
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and cigarette smoke is a key factor in the development of COPD. Thus, the development of effective therapies to prevent the advancement of COPD has become increasingly essential. We hypothesized that quercetin protects lungs in mice exposed to long-term cigarette smoke. Thirty-five C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (12 cigarettes per day) for 60 days and pretreated with 10 mg/kg/day of quercetin via orogastric gavage. After the experimental protocol, the animals were euthanized and samples were collected for histopathological, antioxi- dant defense, oxidative stress and inflammatory analysis. The animals exposed to cigarette smoke showed an increase in respiratory rate and hematological parameters, cell influx into the airways, oxidative damage and inflammatory mediators, besides presenting with alterations in the pulmonary histoarchitecture. The animals receiving 10 mg/kg/day of quercetin that were exposed to cigarette smoke presented a reduction in cellular influx, less oxidative damage, reduction in cytokine levels, improvement in the histological pattern and improvement in pulmonary emphysema compared to the group that was only exposed to cigarette smoke. These results suggest that quercetin may be an agent in preventing pulmonary emphysema induced by cigarette smoke.
Silica exposure and disease in semi-precious stone craftsmen, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
(2017) Carneiro, Ana Paula Scalia; Braz, Nayara Felicidade Tomaz; Algranti, Eduardo; Bezerra, Olívia Maria de Paula Alves; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Amaral, Lênio S.; Edmé, Jean Louis; Sobaszek, Annie; Chérot-Kornobis, Nathalie
Background Brazil is an exporter of precious stones and craftsmen often work in poor conditions. We assessed silica-related diseases among crystal craftsmen and the complexity of its control. Methods Case-series including 118 subjects evaluated from 2006 to 2015, based on medical interviews, chest X-rays, spirometry, and respirable silica samples. Results Median age and length of exposure were 32 and 13 years, respectively. Silicosis, with 1/0 as a threshold, was diagnosed radiologically in 57 individuals (48.3%). Respirable silica concentrations were 0.9–29.3 times greater than the Brazilian occupational exposure limit. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve with the same diagnosis threshold showed best discrimination at a cut point of 12.5 years of exposure, corresponding to 4.85 mg-y/m3 of cumulative silica exposure. There was a significant decline in FEV1 across radiological and cumulative silica exposure categories. Eleven individuals (9.3%) had mycobacterial diseases at baseline or follow-up. Conclusion Crystal craftsmen continue to suffer from silicosis, lung function impairment, comorbidity, and death due to silicosis. To date collective protection in some work sheds has not diminished silica levels. Long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate further improvements in preventive measures.